Evaluating the Reproductive and Egg Production Traits of Local Chickens and Their F1 Crosses with RhodeIsland Red and Fayoumi Breeds under Farmers’ Management Conditions

محورهای موضوعی : Camel

A. Melesse ¹ , M. Alewi ² , Y. Teklegiorgis ³

1 - School of Animal and Range Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
2 - Debrezeit Agricultural Research Center, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
3 - School of Animal and Range Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

تاریخ دریافت : 1391/02/12 تاریخ پذیرش : 1391/07/06 تاریخ انتشار : 1392/03/11

کلید واژه: crossbreeding, farmers’management, Fayoumi chicken breed, local Kei chicken, Rhode Island Red chicken breed,

چکیده مقاله :

This study was conducted at Beresa watershed district of Guraghe Administrative Zone, the southern Regional State of Ethiopia to evaluate the on-farm reproductive and egg production performances of local Kei and its F1 crosses with Fayoumi and Rhode Island Red (RIR) chicken breeds under farmers’ management. The local Kei paternal line was mated with maternal lines of Fayoumi and RIR chickens to produce F1-crosses. Twenty-four households were involved in the study who received 10 chicks from each 3 genotypes (total of 720 chicks). Three hay-box brooders fitted with chick-runs were provided to each household in which the three genotypes were reared. Eggs were collected on a daily basis and body weights were measured at 24, 34 and 52 weeks age. The highest egg fertility was observed in Fayoumi-crosses. The hatchability of total egg set and that of fertile eggs was higher for Fayoumi-crosses and local Kei chickens than for RIR-crosses. The Fayoumi (154 days) and RIR-crosses (161 days) reached age of sexual maturity earlier than local Kei chickens (183 days). The RIR-crosses were heavier (P<0.05) in body weight than Fayoumi-crosses and local Kei. The F1 crosses had significantly (P<0.05) higher rate of egg production on hen-day and hen-housed basis than local Kei chickens. The Fayoumi-crosses produced more (P<0.05) eggs than RIR-crosses. The F1 crosses produced significantly (P<0.05) higher total egg mass than local Kei chickens. Eggs from RIR-crosses were heavier (P<0.05) than Fayoumi-crosses and local Kei chickens. The F1 crosses reached their peak egg production at about 34 weeks of age while local Kei at 38 weeks. The Fayoumi-crosses had significantly higher hen-housed and hen-day egg production rates and survival ability than RIR-crosses. In conclusion, Fayoumi breeds could be a better strategy to upgrade the poor performance of indigenous chicken populations.

منابع و مأخذ:

Ajayi F.O. (2010). Indigenous chicken: a valuable genetic resource for meat and egg production. Asian J. Poult. Sci. 4, 164-172.
Bekele F., Hans M.G., Jessica K., Tormod A. and Abebe G. (2009). Genotype × environment interaction in two breeds of chickens kept under two management systems in southern Ethiopia. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod. 41, 1101-1114.
Bekele F., Adnøy T., Gjøen H.M., Kathle J. and Abebe G. (2010). Production performance of dual purpose crosses of two indigenous with two exotic chicken breeds in sub-tropical environment. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 9,702-710.
Crawford R.D. (1984). Assessment and conservation of animal genetic resources in Canada. Canadian J. Anim. Sci. 64, 235-251.
Cowan P.J. and Michie W. (1978). Environmental temperature and broiler performance. The use of diets containing increased amounts of protein. Brit. Poult. Sci. 19, 601-605.
Demeke S. (1999). Suitability of home-made hay-box chick brooder to the Ethiopian household poultry production system. Pp. 26-27 in Proc. 7^th Ann. Conf. Ethiopian Soc. Anim. Prod. (ESAP), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Halima H. (2007). Phenotypic and genetic characterization of indigenous chicken populations in north-west Ethiopia. Ph D Thesis. Univ. Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Halima H., Neser F.W.C., VanMarle-Koster E. and DeKock A. (2007). Village-based indigenous chicken production system in north-west Ethiopia. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod. 39, 189-197.
Kumar J., Aggarwal C.K. and Acharya R.M. (1976). Collecting and evaluation of native germplasm part 11. Efficiency of fowl conservation, egg production, and egg size in Deshi Rhode Island Red and their crosses. Anim. Breed. Abstr. 40, 581-586.
Melesse A., Maak S. and Von Lengerken G. (2005).The Performance of Naked Neck and their F₁ crosses with Lehman White and New Hampshire chicken breeds under long-term heat stress conditions. Eth. J. Anim. Prod. 5, 91-106.
Melesse A. and Negesse T. (2011). Phenotypic and morphological characterization of indigenous chicken populations in southern region of Ethiopia. Anim. Genet. Res. Inf. J. 49, 19-31.
Melesse A., Maak S., Schmidt R. and von Lengerken G. (2011a). Effect of long-term heat stress on some performance traits and plasma enzyme activities in Naked-Neck chickens and their F₁ crosses with commercial layer breeds. Livest. Sci. J. 141, 227-231.
Melesse A., Maak S. and Von Lengerken G. (2011b) Effects of genetic group × ambient temperature interactions on performance and physiological responses of Naked-Neck chickens and their F₁ crosses with Lohmann White and New Hampshire laying hens. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 20, 588-601.
Miazi O.F., Miah G., Miazi M.M., Uddin M.M., Hassan M.M. and Faridahsan Md. (2012). Fertility and hatchability of Fayoumi and Sonali chicks. Schol.  J. Agric. Sci. 2, 83-86.
Misba A., Melesse A. and Dessie T. (2011). On-farm growth performance evaluation of local chickens and their F₁ crosses with Rhode Island Red and Fayoumi breeds. Eth. J. Anim. Prod. 11, 31-47.
Moges F., Melesse A. and Dessie T. (2010). Assessment of village chicken production system and evaluation of the productive and reproductive performance of local chicken ecotype in Bure district, northwest Ethiopia. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 5, 1739-1748.
Rahman M.M. (2003). Growth of poultry industries in Bangladesh poverty alleviation and employment opportunity. Pp. 78-85 in Proc. 3^rd Int. Poult. Show and Semin, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Rahman M., Baqui M.A. and Howlider M.A.R. (2004). Egg production performance of RIR ×Fayoumi and Fayoumi ×RIR crossbreed chicken under intensive management in Bangladesh. Livest. Res. Rural. Dev. 16, Art. # 92. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd16/11/rahm16092.htm. Accessed Jul. 2012.
Rushton J. and Ngongi S. (2002). Poultry, women and development: old ideas, new applications and the need for more research. Department of Agriculture, University of Reading, UK. FAO World Animal Review.
SAS Institute. (2004). SAS^®/STAT Software, Release 9.11. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC.
Sayda A.M.A. (2012). Family poultry as a tool in alleviating environmental hazards in settled areas of Transhumant families in Gezira scheme Sudan. Asian J. Rural. Dev. 2, 1-12.
Sazzad M.H. (1992). Comparative study on egg production and feed efficiency of different breeds of poultry under intensive and rural conditions in Bangladesh. Livest. Res. Rural. Dev. 4, Art. # 3. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd4/3/bangla1.htm. Accessed Mar. 2012.
Silversides F.G. and Scott T.A. (2001). Effect of storage and layer age on quality of eggs from two lines of hens. Poult. Sci. 88(8), 1240-1245.
Wondmeneh E., Dawud I. and Adey M. (2011). Comparative evaluation of fertility and hatchability of Horro, Fayoumi, Lohmann Silver and Potchefstroom Koekoek breeds of chicken. Asian J. Poult. Sci. 5, 124-129.
Zaman M.A., Sørensen P. and Howlider M.A.R. (2004). Egg production performance of a breed and three crossbreeds under semi-scavenging system of management. Livest. Res. Rural. Dev. 16, Art. # 8. http://www.cipav.org.co/lrrd/lrrd16/8/zama16060.htm. Accessed May. 2012.