Effect of Supplementation with Different Proportion of Concentrate Mixture and Untreated or Calcium Hydroxide Treated Acacia toritilis Leaves on Feed Intake, Digestibility, Nutrient Retention and Rumen Fermentation Parameters of Arsi-Bale Goats Fed Rhodes Grass Hay Basal Diet
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
م. بایسا
1
(School of Animal and Range Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia)
ت. نگس
2
(School of Animal and Range Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia)
آ. تولرا
3
(School of Animal and Range Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia)
کلید واژه: Acacia leaf meal, nitrogen and mineral balances, phenolic composition, rumen ammonia concentration,
چکیده مقاله :
An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of replacing a concentrate supplement with untreated or calcium hydroxide (3% w/w) treated Acacia toritlis leaves in Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay basal diets on feed intake, digestibility, nutrient retention and rumen fermentation parameters of 54 yearling male goats of Arsi-Bale breed (body wt of 13.78 ± 1.9 kg and 12 months old). The experiment was conducted for 84 days in a 2 × 5 factorial design (factor 1: alkali treatment of leaves (treated or untreated) and factor 2: five levels of leaves in concentrate mixture). The treatment diets were: UL-0: hay + 300 g concentrate mixture; UL-25: hay + 225 g concentrate and 75 g untreated dried leaves, UL-50: hay + 150 g concentrate and 150 g untreated dried leaves; UL-75: hay + 75 g concentrate and 225 g untreated dried leaves; UL-100: hay + 300 g untreated dried leaves; TL-0: hay + 300 g concentrate; TL-25: hay + 225 g concentrate and 75 g treated dried leaves; TL-50: hay + 150 g concentrate and 150 g dried treated leaves; TL-75: hay + 75 g concentrate and 225 g treated dried leave and TL-100: hay + 300 g treated dried leaves. Both Ca(OH)2 treatment and partial replacement of the concentrate mixture by Acacia leaf meal (ALM) significantly (P<0.05) reduced ether extract (EE), total phenolics (TP), total tannins (TT) and CT contents of the diets. Whereas, dietary concentrations of ash, acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and calcium (Ca); intakes of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), nitrogen, Ca and P; digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), CP and NDF; concentration of rumen ammonia nitrogen and pH of the rumen fluid were significantly (P<0.05) increased by the alkali treatment and partial replacements. In general comparable results of intake, digestibility and balances of nutrients were observed when concentrate ration in the diets was replaced by treated ALM at 75% and untreated 50% in order of importance against untreated leaf meals. It is concluded that partial replacement of acacia leaf meals in the concentrate mixture combined with calcium hydroxide treatment at 75% level gave maximum benefits to goats than other levels of untreated or treated leaves.
آزمایشی به منظور بررسی اثر جایگزینی یک مکمل کنسانتره با جیرههای پایه برگ اقاقیا در گراس Rhodes (Chlorisgayana) تیمار نشده و یا تیمار شده با هیدروکسید کلسیم (3 درصد وزنی/وزنی) بر مصرف خوراک، قابلیت هضم، ابقا مواد مغذی و پارامترهای تخمیر شکمبه با 54 بز نر یک ساله نژاد Arsi-Bale (وزن بدن 9/1±78/13 کیلوگرم و سن 12 ماه) انجام شد. آزمایش به مدت 84 روز در قالب طرح فاکتوریل 2 × 5 (فاکتور 1 تیمار قلیایی برگها (تیمار یا تیمار نشده) و فاکتور 2 پنج سطح برگ در مخلوط کنسانتره) انجام شد. تیمارهای جیرهای شامل: 0UL-: علوفه + 300 گرم مخلوط کنسانتره؛ 25UL-: علوفه + 225 گرم کنسانتره و 75 گرم برگ خشک تیمار نشده، 50UL-: علوفه + 150 گرم کنسانتره و 150 گرم برگ خشک تیمار نشده؛ 75UL-: علوفه + 75 گرم کنسانتره و 225 گرم برگ خشک تیمار نشده؛ 100UL-: علوفه + 300 گرم برگهای خشک تیمار نشده؛ 0TL-: علوفه + 300 گرم کنسانتره؛ 25TL-: علوفه + 225 گرم کنسانتره و 75 گرم برگ خشک تیمار شده؛ 50TL-: علوفه + 150 گرم کنسانتره و 150 گرم برگهای خشک تیمار شده؛ 75TL-: علوفه + 75 گرم کنسانتره و 225 گرم برگ های خشک تیمار شده و 100TL-: علوفه + 300 گرم برگهای خشک تیمار شده بودند. هر دو تیمار هیدروکسید کلسیم و جایگزینی بخشی از مخلوط کنسانتره با پودر برگ اقاقیا (ALM) به طور معنیداری (05/0>P) مقدار عصاره اتری (EE)، فنل کل (TP)، تانن کل (TT) و محتویات CT جیرههای غذایی را کاهش داد. در حالی که، غلظت جیرهای خاکستر، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADF)، لیگنین نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADL) و کلسیم (Ca)؛ مصرف ماده خشک (DM)، پروتئین خام (CP)، فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF)، نیتروژن، کلسیم و فسفر؛ قابلیت هضم DM، ماده آلی (OM)، CP و NDF؛ غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه و pH مایع شکمبه به طور معنیداری (05/0>P) توسط تیمار قلیایی و جایگزینی نسبی افزایش یافت. به طور کلی نتایج قابل مقایسه مصرف خوراک، هضم و توازن مواد مغذی زمانی مشاهده شدند که کنسانتره در جیرهها با ALM تیمار شده به مقدار 75 درصد جایگزین شد و تیمار نشده 50 درصد به ترتیب اهمیت در برابر پودر برگ تیمار نشده مشاهده شد. میتوان نتیجهگیری نمود که که جایگزینی بخشی از پودر برگ اقاقیا در مخلوط کنسانتره همراه با تیمار هیدروکسید کلسیم در سطح 75 درصد حداکثر منافع را برای بزها نسبت به سطوح دیگر از برگهای تیمار نشده و یا تیمار شده دارد.
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