تاثیر پیش تیمار اسمزی بذور کرفس بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه تحت تنش شوری
الموضوعات :
شهناز فتحی
1
(استادیار دانشگاه ارومیه - مرکزآموزش عالی شهید باکری میاندوآب- گروه گیاهان دارویی)
اعظم سیدی
2
(گروه علوم باغبانی-دانشکده کشاورزی-دانشگاه جیرفت-جیرفت-ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: سرعت جوانه‌زنی, شاخص بنیه بذر, کلرید کلسیم, چتریان, مقاومت به شوری,
ملخص المقالة :
: شوری یکی از اصلی‌ترین تنش‌های غیر‌زیستی است که رشد و تولید گیاهان را از طریق تغییر در تعادل یونی و اسمزی محدود می‌کند. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی تأثیر پیش‌تیمار اسمزی بذور کرفس بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی کرفس تحت تنش شوری به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور پیش‌تیمار اسمزی شامل، نیترات پتاسیم، کلریدپتاسیم، کلرید کلسیم و سولفات کلسیم یک درصد و شاهد (بدون پیش تیمار) و فاکتور شوری در چهار سطح شامل غلظت-های صفر، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌مولار کلرید سدیم در نظر گرفته شد. در پایان آزمایش، برخی از شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی مانند: سرعت و درصد جوانه‌زنی بذر، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌‌چه، وزن خشک ریشه و ساقه‌‌چه، ضریب کوتوسکی، شاخص تحمل شوری، ضریب آلومتری و شاخص بنیه بذر اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد در شرایط بدون تنش، پیش تیمار اسمزی تأثیر مثبتی روی صفات درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی نداشت. با افزایش تنش شوری شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت به طوریکه هیچگونه جوانه‌زنی در تیمار 150 میلی‌مولار شوری مشاهده نشد. تاثیر مثبت پیش‌تیمارهای اسمزی روی شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر کاملا مشهود و معنی‌دار بود. در شرایط بدون تنش تیمار کلرید کلسیم شاخص مهم مقاومت به شوری را صد درصد و در تنش 50 میلی مولار صدو پنجاه درصد افزایش داد ولی در شوری 100 میلی‌مولار نیترات پتاسیم تاثیر بهتری نسبت به سایر تیمارها بر شاخص مقاومت به شوری داشت و آن پنجاه درصد را نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. در بین تمام شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی همبستگی معنی داری وجود داشت.
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