Effects of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation on Performance, Blood Parameters and Meat Quality of Male Broilers with Cold-Induced Ascites
الموضوعات :ا. محبی فر 1 , م. ترکی 2 , ع. عبدالمحمدی 3
1 - Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: performance, meat quality, ascites, blood parameters, Cold stress, guanodinoacetic acid,
ملخص المقالة :
The effects of dietary supplemental guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on performance, biochemical indices and meat pH of broilers with cold-induced ascites were studied. A total of 640 day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were assigned to four dietary treatments including control diet; control diet supplemented with either 0.6, 1.2 or 1.8 g of GAA per kg of feed. Each treatment was replicated in 8 battery cages (n=20). At day 14, temperature was reduced to amplify the incidence of ascites. The birds fed the control, 1.2 and 1.8 g/kg GAA diets exhibited higher average daily gain (ADG) compared to those fed 0.6 g/kg GAA (P<0.05). Bird fed diet with 1.2 g/kg GAA also showed poorer feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to birds in other dietary groups (P<0.05). Higher average daily feed intake (ADFI) were observed in birds fed the diet with 1.2 g/kg GAA (P<0.05). The mortality due to ascites was significantly lower in birds fed diet with 1.2 g/kg GAA compared to birds fed the control, 0.6 and 1.8 g/kg GAA diets. Moreover, there was a quadratic effect of GAA levels on mortality due to ascites. No significant effects of dietary treatments on leucocyte subsets and relative weights of lymphoid organs were observed. Lower meat pH was detected in chicks fed the GAA-supplemented diets compared to birds fed the control diet. Dietary GAA supplementation resulted in a linear (P=0.01) and quadratic (P=0.03) responses in meat pH. In conclusion, diet supplementation with GAA had reducing effects on the occurrence of ascites-related mortality in broiler chicks.
Abudabos A.M., Saleh F., Lemme A. and Zakaria H.A. (2014). The relationship between guanidino acetic acid and metabolisable energy level of diets on performance of broiler chickens. Italian J. Anim. Sci. 13(3), 3269-3275.
Azizian M., Rahimi S., Kamali M., Torshizi K. and Zobdeh M. (2013). Comparison of the susceptibility of six male broiler hybrids to ascites by using hematological and pathological parameters. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 15(3), 517-525.
Baghbanzadeh A. and Decuypere E. (2008). Ascites syndrome in broilers: Physiological and nutritional perspectives. Avian Pathol. 37(2), 117-126.
Biswas N., Dalapati M. and Bhowmik M. (1995). Ascites syndrome in broiler chicken: Observations on certain biochemical and pathological changes. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 65(10), 1068-1072.
Buffenstein R., McCarron H. and Dawson T. (2001). Erythrocyte osmotic fragility of red (Macropus rufus) and grey (Macropus fuliginosus and Macropus giganteus) kangaroos and free-ranging sheep of the arid regions of Australia. J. Comp. Physiol. B. 171(1), 41-47.
Buys N., Scheele C., Kwakernaak C. and Decuypere E. (1999). Performance and physiological variables in broiler chicken lines differing in susceptibility to the ascites syndrome: 2. Effect of ambient temperature on partial efficiencies of protein and fat retention and plasma hormone concentrations. Br. Poult. Sci. 40(1), 140-144.
Cahaner A. (2011). The relevance of rapid growth in broilers to management and genetic aspects of the ascites syndrome. Proc. Aust. Poult. Sci. Symp. 22, 112-117.
Clark P., Boardman W. and Raidal S. (2009). Atlas of Clinical Avian Hematology. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom.
Cobb 500. (2008). Cobb Broiler Performance and Nutrient Supplement Guide. Cobb-Vantress Inc., Siloam Springs, Arkansas.
Cuskelly G.J., Stacpoole P.W., Williamson J., Baumgartner TG. and Gregory J.F. (2001). Deficiencies of folate and vitamin B6 exert distinct effects on homocysteine, serine, and methionine kinetics. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 281(6), 1182-1190.
Daneshyar M., Kermanshahi H. and Golian A. (2009). Changes of biochemical parameters and enzyme activities in broiler chickens with cold-induced ascites. Poult. Sci. 88(1), 106-110.
Davis A., Maney D. and Maerz J. (2008). The use of leukocyte profiles to measure stress in vertebrates: a review for ecologists. Funct. Ecol. 22(5), 760-772.
Deaton J., Branton S., Simmons J. and Lott B. (1996). The effect of brooding temperature on broiler performance. Poult. Sci. 75(10), 1217-1220.
Dilger R., Bryant-Angeloni K., Payne R., Lemme A. and Parsons C. (2013). Dietary guanidino acetic acid is an efficacious replacement for arginine for young chicks. Poult. Sci. 92(1), 171-177.
Druyan S. (2012). Ascites Syndrome in Broiler Chickens-A Physiological Syndrome Affected by Red Blood Cell. Intech Open Access Publisher, Croatia.
Fathi M., Haydari M. and Tanha T. (2015). Effects of enalapril on growth performance, ascites mortality, antioxidant status and blood parameters in broiler chickens under cold-induced ascites. Poult. Sci. J. 3(2), 121-127.
Grimble R.F. (2006). The effects of sulfur amino acid intake on immune function in humans. J. Nutr. 136(6), 1660.-1665.
Hafshejani E.F., Gholami-Ahangaran M. and Hosseni E. (2012). Study of blood cells, blood gases and thyroid hormones in broiler chickens suspected of ascites syndrome. Glob. Vet. 8(1), 18-21.
Hasanpur K., Nassiry M., Salekdeh G.H., Torshizi R.V., Pakdel A. and Kermanshahi H. (2015). Influence of ascites syndrome on growth pattern of chickens reared at normal or cold ambient temperature. Ann. Anim. Sci. 15, 373-385.
Hasegawa E., Shiraishi J. and Ohta Y. (2017). Effects of dietary methionine or arginine levels on the urinary creatinine excretion in broiler chicks. J. Poult. Sci. 54, 167-172.
Heger J., Zelenka J., Machander V., De La Cruz C., Lešták M. and Hampel D. (2014). Effects of guanidinoacetic acid supplementation to broiler diets with varying energy content. Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mend. Brun. 62(3), 477-485.
Huchzermeyer F.W. (2012). Broiler ascites: A review of the ascites work done at the poultry section of the Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute 1981-1990. World's Poult. Sci. J. 68(01), 41-50.
Jain N.C. (1986). Schalm's Veterinary Hematology. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
James B., Goodband R., Unruh J., Tokach M., Nelssen J. and Dritz S. (2002). A review of creatine supplementation and its potential to improve pork quality. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 21(1), 1-16.
Kamely M., Torshizi M.A.K. and Rahimi S. (2015). Incidence of ascites syndrome and related hematological response in short-term feed-restricted broilers raised at low ambient temperature. Poult. Sci. 94(9), 2247-2256.
Khajali F., Heydary Moghaddam M. and Hassanpour H. (2014). An L-arginine supplement improves broiler hypertensive response and gut function in broiler chickens reared at high altitude. Int. J. Biometeorol. 58, 1175-1179.
Khajali F. and Wideman R. (2010). Dietary arginine: Metabolic, environmental, immunological and physiological interrelationships. World's Poult. Sci. J. 66(04), 751-766.
Khodambashi Emami N., Golian A., Rhoads D. and Danesh Mesgaran M. (2017). Interactive effects of temperature and dietary supplementation of arginine or guanidinoacetic acid on nutritional and physiological responses in male broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 58(1), 87-94.
Korte S., Sgoifo A., Ruesink W., Kwakernaak C., Van Voorst S., Scheele C. and Blokhuis H. (1999). High carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) and the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias in rapidly growing broiler chickens. Vet. Record. 145(2), 40-43.
Lechner O., Dietrich H., Wiegers G.J., Vacchio M. and Wick G. (2001). Glucocorticoid production in the chicken bursa and thymus. Int. Immunol. 13(6), 769-776.
Lemme A., Gobbi R., Helmbrecht A., Van Der Klis J.D., Firman J., Jankowski J. and Kozlowski K. (2010). Use of guanidino acetic acid in all-vegetable diets for turkeys. Pp. 57-61 in Proc. 4th Turkey Sci. Prod. Conf., Macclesfi eld, United Kingdom.
Lemme A., Ravindran V. and Bryden W. (2004). Ileal digestibility of amino acids in feed ingredients for broilers. World's Poult. Sci. J. 60(04), 423-438.
Lucas A.M. and Jamroz C. (1961). Atlas of Avian Hematology. US Department Agriculture Monograph, US Govermment Printing Office, Washington, DC.
Luger D., Shinder D. and Yahav S. (2002). Hyper-or hypothyroidism: Its association with the development of ascites syndrome in fast-growing chickens. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 127(3), 293-299.
Maxwell M., Robertson G. and Spence S. (1986). Studies on an ascitic syndrome in young broilers 1. Haematology and pathology. Avian Pathol. 15(3), 511-524.
Mebius R.E. and Kraal G. (2005). Structure and function of the spleen. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 5(8), 606-616.
Meister A. (1965). Biochemistry of the Amino Acid. Academic Press, New York.
Michiels J., Maertens L., Buyse J., Lemme A., Rademacher M., Dierick N. and De Smet S. (2012). Supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid to broiler diets: Effects on performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and energy metabolism. Poult. Sci. 91(2), 402-412.
Mousavi S., Afsar A. and Lotfollahian H. (2013). Effects of guanidinoacetic acid supplementation to broiler diets with varying energy contents. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 22(1), 47-54.
Murakami A.E., Rodrigueiro R.J.B., Santos T.C., Ospina-Rojas I.C. and Rademacher M. (2014). Effects of dietary supplementation of meat-type quail breeders with guanidinoacetic acid on their reproductive parameters and progeny performance. Poult. Sci. 93, 1-8.
Nissen P.M. and Young J. (2006). Creatine monohydrate and glucose supplementation to slow-and fast-growing chickens changes the postmortem pH in pectoralis major. Poult. Sci. 85(6), 1038-1044.
NRC. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA.
Ospina-Rojas I.C., Murakami A.E., Do Amaral Duarte C.R., Eyng C., Lopes De C.A. and Janeiro V. (2014). Valine, isoleucine, arginine and glycine supplementation of low-protein diets for broiler chickens during the starter and grower phases. Br. Poult. Sci. 55(6), 766-773.
Riddell C. (1991). Developmental, metabolic, and miscellaneous disorders. Pp. 839-841 in Diseases of Poultry. B.W. Calnek, H.J. Barnes, C.W. Beard, W.M. Reid and H.W. Yoder, Jr, ed Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
SAS Institute. (2008). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.2. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Scanes C.G. (2016). Biology of stress in poultry with emphasis on glucocorticoids and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio. Poult. Sci. 95(9), 2208-2215.
Shlosberg A., Zadikov I., Bendheim U., Handji V. and Berman E. (1992). The effects of poor ventilation, low temperatures, type of feed and sex of bird on the development of ascites in broilers. Physiopathological factors. Avian Pathol. 21(3), 369-382.
Stahl C., Greenwood M. and Berg E. (2003). Growth parameters and carcass quality of broilers fed a corn-soybean diet supplemented with creatine monohydrate. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 3(6), 404-408.
Tankson J., Thaxton J. and Vizzier-Thaxton Y. (2002). Biochemical and immunological changes in chickens experiencing pulmonary hypertension syndrome caused by Enterococcus faecalis. Poult. Sci. 81(12), 1826-1831.
Tossenberger J., Rademacher M., Németh K., Halas V. and Lemme A. (2016). Digestibility and metabolism of dietary guanidino acetic acid fed to broilers. Poult. Sci. 95(9), 2058-2067.
Wang C., Hou S.S., Huang W., Xu T.S., Rong G.H. and Xie M. (2014). Arginine affects appetite via nitric oxide in ducks. Poult. Sci. 93, 2048-2053.
Wideman R., Rhoads D., Erf G. and Anthony N. (2013). Pulmonary arterial hypertension (ascites syndrome) in broilers: A review. Poult. Sci. 92(1), 64-83.
Wideman R.F., Wing T., Kirby Y.K., Forman M.F., Marson N., Tackett C.D. and Ruiz-Feeria C.A. (1998). Evaluation of minimally invasive indices for predicting ascites susceptibility in three successive hatches of broilers exposed to cool temperatures. Poult. Sci. 77, 1565-1573.
Wilson J., Julian R. and Barker I. (1988). Lesions of right heart failure and ascites in broiler chickens. Avian Dis. 32, 246-261.
Yang H., Ju X., Wang Z., Yang Z., Lu J. and Wang W. (2016). Effects of arginine supplementation on organ development, egg quality, serum biochemical parameters, and immune status of laying hens. Brazilian J. Poult. Sci. 1, 181-186.
Yersin A., Huff W., Kubena L., Elissalde M., Harvey R., Witzel D. and Giroir L. (1992). Changes in hematological, blood gas, and serum biochemical variables in broilers during exposure to simulated high altitude. Avian Dis. 36, 189-196.
Zugno A.I., Stefanello F., Scherer E., Mattos C., Pederzolli C., Andrade V., Wannmacher C., Wajner M., Dutra-Filho C. and Wyse A. (2008). Guanidinoacetate decreases antioxidant defenses and total protein sulfhydryl content in striatum of rats. Neurochem. Res. 33, 1804-1810.
