Anti-Apoptotic Role of p21 and p27 Genes during Different Stages of Corpus Luteum Progression in Bovine

الموضوعات :

H. Ali ¹ (Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
S. Hayat ² (Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
S. Ahmad ³ (Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
M. Ibrahim ⁴ (Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
S.A. Haider ⁵ (Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan|Rehman Medical Institute and Research Center Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
S. Ullah ⁶ (Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
S. Ahmad ⁷ (Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
H. Khan ⁸ (Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal husbandry and Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
I. Ul Haq ⁹ (Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)

تاريخ الإرسال : 25 الأربعاء , جمادى الثانية, 1441 تاريخ التأكيد : 08 الأحد , شوال, 1441 تاريخ الإصدار : 20 الثلاثاء , شوال, 1442

الکلمات المفتاحية: pregnancy, cattle, Ovary, corpus luteum, Apoptosis, CDK inhibitors,

ملخص المقالة :

Corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine gland, secretes progesterone and estradiol crucial for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. The cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) like p21 and p27 plays important role in cell cycle progression and regulation. In this experiment, the expression level of p21 and p27 mRNA and the proliferations of immune cells in different stages of the corpus luteum (CL) were studied. As p21 and p27 proteins are having role in the cell cycle progression and proliferation while CL undergoes both these processes. Ovaries containing corpora lutea were collected from local abattoir. The corpus luteum were isolated and segregated based on respective stages. The excised corpus luteum were processed for the extraction of the mRNA and a portion was embedded in paraffin for the slide preparation. The results showed significantly lower expression of p21 and p27 in stage I and -IV, compared to stage II and III (p <0.05). However, there was a slight dynamism in the expression level of each individual CL in the same stage, which indicates the developmental variation within the bovine specie. Histopathological examination shows that proliferation of immune cells gradually increased in stage I, II and III; however, a quick decline was found in stage-IV. The results indicate that p21 and p27 plays its role in the stage I (establishment) and stage IV (regression) of the corpus luteum. Decrease in immune cell proliferation in stage IV of the corpus luteum, as evident from histopathological examination, was probably the outcome of the increased apoptosis, triggered by down-regulation of p21 and p27. This indicates the reliance of apoptosis upon the expression level of p21 and p27. The level of p21 and p27 expression is indicative of estimating quality of the corpus luteum, and subsequently the early embryonic losses, associating mal functioning of the corpus luteum.

المصادر:

Aparicio T., Baer R. and J. Gautier (2014). DNA double-strand break repair pathway choice and cancer. DNA Repair. 19, 169-175.

Atli M.O., Kurar E., Kayis S.A., Aslan S., Semacan A., Celik S. and Guzeloglu A. (2010). Evaluation of genes involved in prostaglandin action in equine endometrium during estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 122(1), 124-132.

Bachelot A. and Binart N. (2005). Corpus luteum development: Lessons from genetic models in mice. Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 68, 49-84.

Besson A., Dowdy S.F. and Roberts J.M. (2008). CDK inhibitors: Cell cycle regulators and beyond. Dev. Cell. 14(2), 159-169.

Catchpole H.R. (1940). Regnier de Graaf 1641-1673. Bull. Hist. Med. 8(9), 1261-1300.

Chomczynski P. and Sacchi N. (1987). Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem. 162(1), 156-159.

Deng C., Zhang P., Harper J.W., Elledge S.J. and Leder P. (1995). Mice lacking p21CIP1/WAF1 undergo normal development, but are defective in G1 checkpoint control. Cell. 82(4), 675-684.

Devoto L., Henríquez S., Kohen P. and Strauss J.F. (2017). The significance of estradiol metabolites in human corpus luteum physiology. Steroids. 123, 50-54.

Garcia M., Amstalden M., Williams S., Stanko R., Morrison C., Keisler D., Nizielski S. and Williams G. (2002). Serum leptin and its adipose gene expression during pubertal development, the estrous cycle, and different seasons in cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 80(8), 2158-2167.

Ghanem L. and Steinman R. (2005). A proapoptotic function of p21 in differentiating granulocytes. Leukem. Res. 29(11), 1315-1323.

Gomez-Manzano C., Fueyo J., Kyritsis A.P., Steck P.A., Levin V.A., Alfred Yung W. and McDonnell T.J. (1997). Characterization of p53 and p21 functional interactions in glioma cells en route to apoptosis. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 89(14), 1036-1044.

Ireland J., Coulson P. and Murphree R. (1979). Follicular development during four stages of the estrous cycle of beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 49(5), 1261-1269.

Jocelyn H.D. and Setchell B.P. (1972). Regnier de Graaf on the human reproductive organs. An annotated translation of Tractatus de Virorum Organis Generationi Inservientibus (1668) and De Mulierub Organis Generationi Inservientibus Tractatus Novus (1962). J. Reprod. Fertil. Sppl. 17, 1-22.

Johnson A.L. (2015). Reproduction in the female. Pp. 635-665 in Sturkie's Avian Physiol. C.G. Scanes, Ed. Elsevier,New York.

Katayose Y., Kim M., Rakkar A.N., Li Z., Cowan K.H. and Seth P. (1997). Promotingapoptosis: A novel activity associated with the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27. Cancer Res. 57, 5441-5445

Kiyma Z., Kose M., Atli M.O., Ozel C., Hitit M., Sen G., Kaya M., Kaya M.S., Kurar E. and Kayis S.A. (2016). Investigation of interferon-tau stimulated genes (ISGs) simultaneously in the endometrium, corpus luteum (CL) and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in the preluteolytic stage of early pregnancy in ewes. Small Rumin. Res. 140, 1-6.

Mossman H.W., Koering M.J. and Ferry Jr D. (1964). Cyclic changes of interstitial gland tissue of the human ovary. American J. Anat. 115(2), 235-255.

Murad H., Hawat M., Ekhtiar A., AlJapawe A., Abbas A., Darwish H., Sbenati O. and Ghannam A. (2016). Induction of G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis pathway in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by sulfated polysaccharide extracted from Laurencia papillosa. Cancer Cell Int. 16(1), 39-45.

Niswender G.D., Juengel J.L., Silva P.J., Rollyson M.K. and McIntush E.W. (2000). Mechanisms controlling the function and life span of the corpus luteum. Physiol. Rev. 80(1), 1-29.

Northey D. and French L. (1980). Effect of embryo removal and intrauterine infusion of embryonic homogenates on the lifespan of the bovine corpus luteum. J. Anim. Sci. 50(2), 298-302.

Porter P.L., Malone K.E., Heagerty P.J., Alexander G.M., Gatti L.A., Firpo E.J., Daling J.R. and Roberts J.M. (1997). Expression of cell-cycle regulators p27 Kip1 and cyclin E, alone and in combination, correlate with survival in young breast cancer patients. Nat. Med. 3(2), 222-229.

Richards J.S., Russell D.L., Robker R.L., Dajee M. and Alliston T.N. (1998). Molecular mechanisms of ovulation and luteinization. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 145(1), 47-54.

Robker R.L. and Richards J.S. (1998). Hormone-induced proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells: A coordinated balance of the cell cycle regulators cyclin D2 and p27Kip1. Mol. Endocrinol. 12(7), 924-940.

Russo A.A., Jeffrey P.D., Patten A.K., Massagué J. and Pavletich N.P. (1996). Crystal structure of the p27Kip1 cyclin-dependent-kinase inibitor bound to the cyclin A–Cdk2 complex. Nature. 382(6589), 325-332.

Sherr C.J. (1996). Cancer cell cycles. Science. 274(5293), 1672-1677.

Sherr C.J. and Roberts J.M. (1999). CDK inhibitors: Positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression. Genes Dev. 13(12), 1501-1512.

SPSS Inc. (2011). Statistical Package for Social Sciences Study. SPSS for Windows, Version 20. Chicago SPSS Inc., USA.

Taguchi T., Kato Y., Baba Y., Nishimura G., Tanigaki Y., Horiuchi C., Mochimatsu I. and Tsukuda M. (2004). Protein levels of p21, p27, cyclin E and Bax predict sensitivity to cisplatin and paclitaxel in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Oncol. Rep. 11(2), 421-426.