Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cellular Signaling Alteration in Animals
الموضوعات :
س. لوساکو
1
(Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, S.P. Casamassima km 3, Valenzano 70010, Bari, Italy)
آ. پریلو
2
(Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, S.P. Casamassima km 3, Valenzano 70010, Bari, Italy)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Health, Toxicity, Oxidative stress, Heavy metals,
ملخص المقالة :
Contamination by heavy metals has attracted increasing attention considering the ability of these elements in producing serious consequence to ecosystem, and especially on animals health. Due to their widespread use in human activities such as industry, agriculture and even as medicine (e.g. arsenic, selenium and platinum), numerous health risks may be associated with exposure to these substances. All heavy metals, in spite some of them are essential micronutrients, have their toxic effects because of their bioaccumulation on living organisms, and so generally exhibit chronic toxicity via metabolic interference and mutagenesis. They are also classified as carcinogens (known or probable) according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). In the present paper, the lead, cadmium and chromium disease processes (induced toxicity) were summarized with particular emphasis on the generation and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the unifying factor in determining toxicity for all these metals.
Adegbesan B.O. and Adenuga G.A. (2007). Effect of lead exposure on liver lipid peroxidative and antioxidant defense systems of protein-undernourished rats. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 116(2), 219-225.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (2006). Priority List of Hazardous Substances. Department of Health and Human Services, US.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (2007). Toxicological Profile for Lead. Department of Health and Human Services, US.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (2012). Toxicological Profile for Cadmium. Department of Health and Human Services, US.
Ahamed M. and Siddiqui M.K.J. (2007). Environmental lead toxicity and nutritional factors. Clin. Nutr. 26, 400-408.
Arakawa H., Weng M.W., Chen W.C. and Tang M.S. (2012). Chromium (VI) induces both bulky DNA adducts and oxidative DNA damage at adenines and guanines in the p53 gene of human lung cells. Carcinogenesis. 33(10), 1993-2000.
Bagchi D., Stohs S.J., Downs B.W., Bagchi M. and Preuss H.G. (2002). Cytotoxicity and oxidative mechanisms of different forms of chromium. Toxicology. 180(1), 5-22.
Bahavar M., Tarbali N., Einolahi N. and Dashti N. (2013). Evaluation of trace metal (cd, cr, cu)–induced oxidative stress in presence of H2O2 on purified DNA strands break from nonpathogenic Escherichia coli. J. Kashan Univ. Med. Sci. 16(7), 633-640.
Bargagli R. (2000). Trace metals in Antarctica related to climate change and increasing human impact. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 166, 129-173.
Batool Z., Yousafzai N.A., Murad M.S., Shahid S. and Iqbal A. (2017). Lead toxicity and evaluation of oxidative stress in humans. PSM Biol. Res. 2(2), 79-82.
Belyaeva E.A., Sokolova T.V., Emelyanova L.V. and Zakharova I.O. (2012). Mitochondrial electron transport chain in heavy metal-induced neurotoxicity: Effects of cadmium, mercury, and copper. Sci. World J. 2012, 1-14.
Brenneisen P., Steinbrenner H. and Sies H. (2005). Selenium, oxidative stress, and health aspects. Mol. Asp. Med. 26, 256-267.
Caggiano R., D’Emilio M., Macchiato M., Anastasio A., Ragosta M. and Paino S. (2005). Metal levels in fodder, milk, dairy products, and tissues sampled in ovine farms of Southern Italy. Environ. Res. 99(1), 48-57.
Casas J.S. and Sordo J. (2006). Lead: Chemistry, Analytical Aspects, Environmental Impact and Health Effects. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2005). Lead poisoning associated with use of litargirio – Rhode Island, 2003. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 54, 227-229.
Codd R., Dillon C.T., Levina A. and Lay P.A. (2001). Studies on the genotoxicity of chromium: From the test tube to the cell. Coord. Chem. Rev. 216, 537-582.
Dayan A.D. and Paine A.J. (2001). Mechanisms of chromium toxicity, carcinogenicity and allergenicity: Review of the literature from 1985 to 2000. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 20(9), 439-451.
Ercal N., Gurer-Orhan H. and Aykin-Burns N. (2001). Toxic metals and oxidative stress part I: Mechanisms involved in metal-induced oxidative damage. Curr. Topics Med. Chem. 1(6), 529-539.
Faix S., Faixova Z., Boldizarova K. and Javorsky P. (2005).The effect of long-term high heavy metal intake on lipid peroxidation of gastrointestinal tissue in sheep. Vet. Med. Czech. 50(9), 401-405.
Farmand F., Ehdaie A., Roberts C.K. and Sindhu R.K. (2005). Lead-induced dysregulation of superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and guanylate cyclase. Environ. Res. 98, 33-39.
Fitsanakis V.A. and Aschne M. (2005). The importance of glutamate, glycine, and γ-aminobutyric acid transport and regulation in manganese, mercury and lead neurotoxicity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 204(3), 343-354.
Flora G., Gupta D. and Tiwari A. (2012). Toxicity of lead: A review with recent updates. Interdiscip. Toxicol. 5(2), 47-58.
Flora S.J.S., Mittal M. and Mehta A. (2008). Heavy metal induced oxidative stress & its possible reversal by chelation therapy. Indian J. Med. Res. 128(4), 501-523.
Florea A.M. and Busselberg D. (2006). Occurrence, use and potential toxic effects of metals and metal compounds. BioMetals. 19, 419-427.
Ghasemi H., Rostampour F. and Ranjbar A. (2014). The role of oxidative stress in metals toxicity: Mitochondrial dysfunction as a key player. Galen Med. J. 3(1), 2-13.
Gidlow D.A. (2015). Lead toxicity. Occup. Med. 65, 348-356.
Goyer R.A. (2001). Toxic effects of metals. Pp. 811-867 in Cassarett and Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons. C.D. Klaassen, Ed. McGraw-Hill Publisher, New York.
Granchi D., Cenni E., Ciapetti G., Savarino L., Stea S., Gamberini S., Gori A. and Pizzoferrato A. (1998). Cell death induced by metal ions: necrosis or apoptosis? J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 9(1), 31-37.
He Z.L., Yang X.E. and Stoffella P.J. (2005). Trace elements in agroecosystems and impacts on the environment. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 19(2), 125-140.
Hong F., Jin T. and Zhang A. (2004). Risk assessment on renal dysfunction caused by co-exposure to arsenic and cadmium using benchmark dose calculation in a Chinese population. Biometals. 17, 573-580.
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). (1993) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Lyon, France.
Jacobs J.A. and Testa S.M. (2005). Overview of chromium (VI) in the environment: Background and history. Pp. 1-22 in Chromium (VI) Handbook. J. Guertin, J.A. Jacobs, C.P. Avakian, Eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Jaishankar M., Mathew B.B., Shah M.S. and Gowda K.R.S. (2013). Biosorption of few heavy metal ions using agricultural wastes. J. Environ. Pollut. Hum. Health. 2(1), 1-6.
Jaishankar M., Tseten T., Anbalagan N., Mathew B.B. and Beeregowda K.N. (2014). Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals. Interdiscip. Toxicol. 7(2), 60-72.
Jomova K. and Valko M. (2011). Advances in metal-induced oxidative stress and human disease. Toxicology. 283(2), 65-87.
Kostova I. and Balkansky S. (2013). Metal complexes of biologically active ligands as potential antioxidants. Curr. Med. Chem. 20(36), 4508-4539.
Koyu A., Gokcimen A., Ozguner F., Bayram D.S. and Kocak A. (2006). Evaluation of the effects of cadmium on rat liver. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 284, 81-85.
Lauwerys R.R., Buchet J.P., Roels H.A., Brouwers J. and Stanescu D. (1974). Epidemiological survey of workers exposed to cadmium. Arch. Environ. Health. 28, 145-148.
Leonard S.S., Harris G.K. and Shi X. (2004). Metal-induced oxidative stress and signal transduction. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 37(12), 1921-1942.
Li Y., McCroy D.F., Powell J.M., Saam H. and Jackson-Smith D. (2005). A survey of selected heavy metal concentrations in Wisconsin dairy feeds. J. Dairy Sci. 88, 2991-2992.
Lidsky T.I. and Schneider J.S. (2003). Lead neurotoxicity in children: Basic mechanisms and clinical correlates. Brain. 126, 5-19.
Liu J., Qu W. and Kadiiska M.B. (2009). Role of oxidative stress in cadmium toxicity and carcinogenesis. Toxicol. Appl. Phar-macol. 238, 209-214.
Liu Z.P. (2003). Lead poisoning combined with cadmium in sheep and horses in the vicinity of non-ferrous metal smelter. Sci. Total Environ. 309, 117-126.
Maia L., de Souza M.V., Bragança R., Fernandes A., Ferreira Fontes M.P., de Souza Vianna M.W. and Vercelli Luz W. (2006). Heavy metals in horse blood, serum, and feed in minas gerais, Brazil. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 26(12), 578-583.
Marchetti C. (2003). Molecular targets of lead in brain neurotoxicity. Neurotox. Res. 5, 221-236.
Markowitz M. (2000). Lead poisoning. Pediatr. Rev. 21(10), 327-335.
Martin S. and Griswold W. (2009). Human health effects of heavy metals. Environ. Sci. Technol. Briefs. Citiz. 15, 1-6.
Mason L.H., Harp J.P. and Han D.Y. (2014). Pb neurotoxicity: Neuropsychological effects of lead toxicity. BioMed. Res. Int. 2014, 1-8.
Mathew B.B., Tiwari A. and Jatawa S.K. (2011). Free radicals and antioxidants: A review. J. Pharm. Res. 12, 4340-4343.
Medeiros L.C., Field R.A. and Medeiros D.M. (1998). Effect of high altitude on copper and zinc content in beef. J. Food Sci. 53, 1222-1223.
Mittler R. (2002). Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance. Trends Plant. Sci. 7(9), 405-410.
Mohanty M. and Kumar Patra H. (2013). Effect of ionic and chelate assisted hexavalent chromium on mung bean seedlings (Vigna Radiata l. Wilczek. Var k-851) during seedling growth. J. Stress Physiol. Biochem. 9(2), 232-241.
Murata I., Hirono T., Saeki Y. and Nakagawa S. (1970). Cadmium enteropathy, renal osteomalacia (“Itai Itai” disease in Japan). Bull. Soc. Int. Chir. 29, 34-42.
Nagajyoti P.C., Lee K.D. and Sreekanth T.V.M. (2010). Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: A review. Environ. Chem. Lett. 8(3), 199-216.
Nava Ruíz C. and Mendez-Armeda M. (2013). Pollutant Diseases. RecyclingandRemediationTechnologies Inc., California, USA.
Nita M. and Grzybowski A. (2016). The role of the reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in the pathomechanism of the age-related ocular diseases and other pathologies of the anterior and posterior eye segments in adults. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2016, 3164734.
Olson I.G., Bensryd I., Lundh T., Ottsson H., Skerfving S. and Pskarsson A. (2002). Cadmium in blood and urine: Impact of sex, age, dietary intake, iron status, and former smoking: association of renal effects. Environ. Health Perspect. 110, 1185-1190.
Oteiza P.I., Olin K.L., Fraga C.G. and Keen C.L. (1995). Zinc deficiency causes oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA in rat testes. J. Nutr. 125, 823-829.
Pandey G. and Madhuri S. (2014). Heavy metals causing toxicity in animals and fishes.Res. J. Anim. Vet. Fish. Sci. 2(2), 17-23.
Patlolla A., Barnes C., Field J., Hackett D. and Tchounwou P.B. (2009a). Potassium dichromate-induced cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress in human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 6, 643-653.
Patlolla A., Barnes C., Yedjou C., Velma V. and Tchounwou P.B. (2009b). Oxidative stress, DNA damage and antioxidant enzyme activity induced by hexavalent chromium in Sprague Dawley rats. Environ. Toxicol. 24(1), 66-73.
Patra R.C., Rautray A.K. and Swarup D. (2011). Oxidative stress in lead and cadmium toxicity and its amelioration. Vet. Med. Int. 1, 9-15.
Patrick L. (2003). Toxic metals and antioxidants: Part II. The role of antioxidants in arsenic and cadmium toxicity. Altern. Med. Rev. 8(2), 106-128.
Pulido M.D. and Parrish A.R. (2003). Metal-induced apoptosis: Mechanisms. Mutat. Res. 533(1), 227-241.
Ranjbar A., Khani-Jazani R., Sedighi A., Jalali-Mashayekhi F., Ghazi-Khansari M. and Abdollahi M. (2008). Alteration of body total antioxidant capacity and thiol molecules in human chronic exposure to aluminum. Toxicol. Environ. Chem. 90(4), 707-713.
Reddy G.R., Suresh A., Murthy K.S. and Chetty C.S. (2002). Lead neurotoxicity: Heme oxygenase and nitric oxide synthase activities in developing rat brain. Neurotox. Res. 4, 33-39.
Rehm S. and Waalkes M.P. (1988). Cadmium-induced ovarian toxicity in hamsters, mice, and rats. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 10, 635-647.
Sanders T., Liu Y., Buchner V. and Tchounwou P.B. (2009). Neurotoxic effects and biomarkers of lead exposure: A review. Rev. Environ. Health. 24(1), 15-45.
Sedki A., Lekoucha N., Gamonb S. and Pineauc A. (2003). Toxic and essential trace metals in muscle, liver and kidney of bovines from a polluted area of Morocco. Sci. Total Environ. 317, 201-205.
Shaikh Z.A., Vu T.T. and Zaman K. (1999). Oxidative stress as a mechanism of chronic cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity and protection by antioxidants. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 154(3), 256-263.
Sharma B., Singh S. and Siddiq N. (2014). Biomedical implications of heavy metals induced imbalances in redox systems. BioMed. Res. Int. 2014, 640754.
Tandon S.K., Singh S., Prasad S., Khandekar K., Dwivedi V.K., Chatterjee M. and Mathur N. (2003). Reversal of cadmium induced oxidative stress by chelating agent, antioxidant or their combination in rat. Toxicol. Lett. 145, 211-217.
Tavakol H.S., Akram R., Azam S. and Nahid Z. (2015). Protective effects of green tea on antioxidative biomarkers in chemical laboratory workers. Toxicol. Ind. Health. 31(9), 862-867.
Tchounwou P.B., Ishaque A. and Schneider J. (2001). Cytotoxicity and transcriptional activation of stress genes in human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) exposed to cadmium chloride. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 222, 21-28.
Tchounwou P.B., Yedjou C.G., Foxx D., Ishaque A. and Shen E. (2004). Lead-induced cytotoxicity and transcriptional activation of stress genes in human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2). Mol. Cell. Biochem. 255, 161-170.
Tchounwou P.B., Clement G.Y., Anita K.P. and Dwayne J.S. (2012). Heavy metals toxicity and the environment. Mol. Clin. Environ. Toxicol. 101, 133-164.
Tellez-Plaza M., Navas-Acien A., Crainiceanu C.M. and Guallar E. (2008). Cadmium exposure and hypertension in the 1999–2004, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Environ. Health Perspect. 116, 51-56.
Valko M., Morris H. and Cronin M.T.D. (2005). Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Curr. Med. Chem. 12(10), 1161-1208.
Valko M., Rhodes C., Moncol J., Izakovic M. and Mazur M. (2006). Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. Chem. Biol. Interact. 160(1), 1-40.
Vesey D.A. (2010). Transport pathways for cadmium in the intestine and kidney proximal tubule: Focus on the interaction with essential metals. Toxicol. Lett. 198, 13-19.
Waalkes M.P. (2003). Cadmium carcinogenesis. Mutat. Res. 533(1), 107-120.
Wang S. and Shi X. (2001). Molecular mechanisms of metal toxicity and carcinogenesis. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 222, 3-9.
Winterbourn C. (2008). Reconciling the chemistry and biology of reactive oxygen species.Nat. Chem. Biol. 4, 278-286.
Xiao P., Jia X.D., Zhong W.J., Jin X.P. and Nordberg G. (2002). Restorative effects of zinc and selenium on cadmium induced kidney oxidative damage in rats. BioMed. Environ. Sci. 15(1), 67-74.
Yedjou G.C. and Tchounwou P.B. (2008). N-acetyl-cysteine affords protection against lead-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 4(2), 132-137.
Yiin S.J. and Lin T.H. (1995). Lead-catalyzed peroxidation of essential unsaturated fatty acid. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 50(2), 167-172.
Zhai Q., Narbad A. and Chen W. (2015). Dietary strategies for the treatment of cadmium and lead toxicity. Nutrients. 7(1), 552-571.
Zhang X., Li D., Dong S. and Zhang J. (2000). Study on the relationship between cadmium immunotoxicity and corticotropin-releasing factor. J. Hyg. Res. 29(4), 193-196.
Zhitkovich A. (2005). Importance of chromium-DNA adducts in mutagenicity and toxicity of chromium (VI). Chem. Res. Toxicol. 18(1), 3-11.
Ziegler E.E., Edwards B.B., Jensen R.L., Mahaffey K.R. and Fomon S.J. (1978). Absorption and retention of lead by infants. Pediatr. Res. 12, 29-34.
