Effect of Wet Feeding on Feed Conversion Efficiency in Laying Hens during Summer Season
الموضوعات :
هـ. اشرف وایز
1
(Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding , College of Veterinary and Animal Science and Breeding, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Udaipur, India)
ل. گاوتام
2
(Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding , College of Veterinary and Animal Science and Breeding, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Udaipur, India)
ر.ک. نگدا
3
(Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding , College of Veterinary and Animal Science and Breeding, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Udaipur, India)
جی. احمد بهات
4
(Department of Livestock Production Management, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST‐K, Srinagar, Kashmir, India)
الکلمات المفتاحية: heat stress, laying hens, feed, wet feeding, feed conversion efficiency,
ملخص المقالة :
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wet feeding on feed conversion efficiency in laying hens during summer season. The study was carried out on 192 pullets of eight weeks age (distributed to four groups). The feed offered to chicks consisted of starter diet up to 8 weeks of age and grower diet up to 20 weeks of age. From 20 weeks onwards, birds were provided with layer diet up to the end of the experiment. Birds of control group (T1) were offered dry feed. Water was mixed with feed in T2 (700 mL/kg), T3 (800 mL/kg) and T4(900 mL/kg) groups. The study lasted for 100 days. Results indicated that wet feeding improves feed utilization (FCR) in terms of kg of feed per dozen of eggs and kg of feed per kg egg mass as compared to control. Overall, the results indicate an improvement in feed conversion efficiency in all groups as compared to control but it was highly significant (P˂0.05) in T3 group in which water supplementation was made at a level of 800 mL/kg feed.
Adams O.L. and Naber E.C. (1969). Effect of physical and chemical treatments of grains on growth of and feed utilisation by the chick. J. Poult. Sci. 48, 853-858.
Awojobi H.A. and Meshioye O.O. (2001). A comparison of wet mash and dry mash feeding for broiler finisher during wet season in the tropics. Nigerian J. Anim. Prod. 28, 143-146.
Awojobi H.A., Oluwole B.O., Adekunmisi A.A. and Buraimo R.A. (2009). Performance of finisher broilers fed wet mash with or without drinking water during wet season in the tropics. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 8, 592-594.
Bhat G.A. and Khan A.A. (2008). Effect of feeding wet mash on the performance of broilers. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 78, 1168-1169.
Caldwell J.M., Lyons J.J. and Vandepopulier J.M. (1986). Methane digester effluent as feedstuff for layers. World Poult. Sci. 65, 147-152.
Cehave Landbouwbelang Research Farm. (2008). Wet Feeds for Poultry Developed. Weda Bonda Holland.
Deng W., Dong X.F., Tong J.M. and Zhang Q. (2012). The probiotic Bacillus licheniformis ameliorates heat stress-induced impairment of egg production, gut morphology and intestinal mucosal immunity in laying hens. Poult. Sci. 91, 575-582.
Diarra S.S. and Tabuaciri P. (2014). Feeding management of poultry in high environmental temperatures . Int. J. Poult. Sci. 13, 657-661.
El Kaseh R. and Forbes J.M. (1995). Effect of wet food on the performance of laying hens. J. Br. Poult. Sci.36, 839-840.
Forbes J.M. (2003). Wet foods for poultry. Avian. Poult. Biol. Rev. 19, 175-193.
IFPRI. (2000). International Food Policy Research Institute. Available at: www.cgiar.org.
Imik H., Ozlu H., Gumus R., Atasever M.A., Urgar S. and Atasever M. (2012). Effects of ascorbic and alphalipoic acid on performance and meat quality of broilers subjected to heat stress. Br. Poult. Sci. 53, 800-808.
Khoa M.A. (2007). Wet and coarse diets in broiler nutrition. Development of the GI tract and performance. Ph D. Thesis. WageningenUniversity and Research Centre, Wageningen.
Kutlu H.R. and Forbes M.J. (1993). Alleviation of the effect ofheat stress by dietary methods in broilers: a review. WorldRev. Anim. Prod. 28, 16-22.
Moritz J.S., Beyer R.S., Wilson K.J. and Cramer K.R. (2001). Effect of moisture addition at the mixer to a corn-soybean-based diet on broiler performance. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 10, 347-353.
Nardone A., Ronchi B., Lacetera N., Ranieri M.S. and BernabucciU. (2010). Effects of climate changes on animal production and sustainability of livestock systems. Livest. Sci. 130, 57-69.
Niu Z.Y., Liu F.Z., Yan Q.L. and Li W.C. (2009). Effects of different levels of vitamin E on growth performance and immune response of broilers under heat stress. Poult. Sci. 88, 2101-2107.
Scott T.A. (2002). Impact of wet feeding wheat-based diets with or without enzyme on broiler chick performance. J. Canadian Anim. Sci. 82, 409-417.
SPSS Inc. (2011). Statistical Package for Social Sciences Study. SPSS for Windows, Version 20. Chicago SPSS Inc.
Sturkie P.D. (1976). Regulation of body temperature, Pp. 343-379 in Avian Physiology. G.C. Whittow, Ed. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Tadtiyanant C., Lyons J.J. and Vanderpopuliere J.M. (1991). Influence of wet and dry feed on laying hens under heat stress. Poult. Sci. 70, 44-52.
Thorne D.H., Vanderpopuliere J.M. and Lyons J.J. (1989). Automated high moisture diet feeding system for laying hens. J. World Poult. Sci. 68, 1114-1117.
Yahav S. (2000). Domestic fowl: Strategies to confront environmental conditions. Avian. Poult. Biol. Rev. 11, 120-126.
