تحلیل عوامل موثر بر بازآفرینی فضاهای تاریخی شهر (مطالعه موردی: میدان مشق، تهران)
الموضوعات :
1 - دانشیار، گروه جغرافیای شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، سازمان زیباسازی شهر تهران، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: کارکرد فرهنگی, رویکرد بازآفرینی شهری, افت فضای شهری, میدان مشق,
ملخص المقالة :
پژوهش حاضر مبتنی بر رویکرد باززنده سازی شهری با تاکید بر فضای میدان مشق، با هدف بررسی ارتقا کیفیت آن از طریق القای روح کارکرد‌های اجتماعی و جذب دوباره مردم به آناست؛ لذا کوشش دارد ضمن دستیابی به مدلی مفهومی، مهم‌ترین ابعاد تأثیرگذار و تأثیرپذیر کیفیت فضای شهری ارائه و سپس از طریق بررسی ترکیبی نظرات مردم و کارشناسان، مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار بر باززنده سازی مجموعه میدان مشق تبیین شود. درنتیجه، تحلیلی دقیق‌تر از کیفیت مکان بدست می دهد و می‌تواند مبنایی برای فرآیند تصمیم سازی باشد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی با ماهیت تحلیلی-توصیفی است. مبانی نظری با مطالعات اسنادی-کتابخانه ای و اطلاعات و داده ها از طریق تهیه پرسش نامه و انجام مصاحبه با بهره‌وران و صاحب‌نظران گردآوری و تنظیم شدند. جامعه آماری را ساکنان و صاحبان مشاغل محدوده و نیز متخصصان و کارشناسان در زمینه بهسازی و مرمت فضایی-کالبدی تشکیل می‌دهند. شاخص های مورد بررسی شامل چهار دسته عوامل فعالیتی-کارکردی، کالبدی-فضائی، اجتماعی- فرهنگی و سیما- منظر است. در نهایت، نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که برپایه تعیین ضرایب 40 متغیر مورد بررسی، متغیرهای فعالیت‌های فرهنگی- هنری، فعالیت‌های غیررسمی، زندگی شبانه، فعالیت‌های گردشگری و تفریحی مقیاس کارکردی، نورپردازی، مبلمان شهری، بسته و محدود بودن فضا، تأثیر چیدمان عناصر فضا در ارتباط و تعامل میان افراد، نظارت و امنیت، حضور افراد، چشم‌اندازها و مناظر، خاطره انگیزی فضا، بر بازآفرینی و احیاء کارکردی میدان مشق موثر هستند.
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Bavand Consulting Engineers. (2004). Development Plan of Region 12. First Edition, Urban Development and Architecture; Department of Tehran Municipality. (In Persian).
Booth, Ph. (2005). Partnerships and networks: The governance of urban regeneration in Britain, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 20, 257–269
Booth, Ph. (2005). Cultural Heritage and Arts and Tourism Organization. Partnerships and networks: The governance of urban regeneration in Britain. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 20, 257-269. (In Persian).
Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization of Iran. Encyclopedia of the history of Iranshahr architecture. (2012). (In Persian).
Daneshpour, Z. (2008). Introducing a Step by Step Problem-Solving. Fine Arts Journal, 36. 21-28. (In Persian).
Fanni, Z. (2014). Contemporary Urban Studies and Geography (Fundemental Concepts and Perspectives). Tehran: SAMT Pub. (In Persian).
Fanni Z., Heidari, A., Rostami, M., & Najafi, H. (2017). Cultural Planning for Urban Centers. Tehran: Hekmat Pub. (In Persian).
Gunder M. (2011). Commentary: Is Urban Design Still Urban Planning? An Exploration and Response. Journal of Planning Education and Research 31 (2) 184-195
Habibi, S. M., & Maqsudi, M. (2002). Urban Restoration. Tehran University Press (In Persian).
Lang, T. (2005). Insights in the British Debate about Urban Decline and Urban Regeneration. Working paper (http: www. irs-net.de)
Mee Kam, Ng. (2005). Quality of life perceptions and directions for urban regeneration in Hong Kong. Social Indicators Research, 71, 441-465.
Mokhtari A., & Raissi Amjad, M. (2001). Report of Mashgh Square. Cultural Heritage and Arts and Tourism Organization. (In Persian).
Namdari, Y. (2006). The Application of Urban Rehabilitation Approach in Down Towns of Sheikh Jamshid Shiraz. Thesis, Master Thesis (Unpublished), Shahid Beheshti University (In Persian).
NEMW. (2001). Strategies for Successful Infill development, Northeast-Midwest Institute Congress for the New Urbanism. Retrieved from: http://www.nemw.org/infillbook.html (2008)
Pakzad, J. (2006). Theoretical Foundations and Urban Design Process. Tehran: Ministry of Housing Publications. (In Persian).
Parsi, H. R. (2002). Understanding the Content of Urban Space. Quarterly Journal of Fine Arts, 11, 9-17. (In Persian)
Shahri, J. (2004). Old Tehran. Vol.1, Tehran: Moein Publications.
Shahrivar, M. R. (2004). Report of Mashgh. Post Museum, not published.
Shapiro, M. J. (2010). The time of the city: Politics, philosophy and genre, Routledge.
Silverman, R.M. (2006). Central City Socioeconomic Characteristics and Public Participation Strategies, a Comparative Analysis of the Niagara Falls Region's Municipalities in the USA and Canada. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 26 (3/4), 138-153.
Sorkin, M. (2011). The End(s) of Urban Design, in: Reading in Urban Theory, Third Edition, Edited by Sisan S. Fainstein and Scott Campbell, Black well Pub. LTD.
Steinacker A. (2003). Infill Development and Affordable Housing patterns from 1996 to 2000, Urban Affairs Review, 38 (4), 492-509
Togeby, L. (2004). How Organizational Participation Affects Political Participation and Social Trust among Second Generation Immigrants in Denmark. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 30 (3), 509-528.
