بررسی پیامدهای اجتماعی توسعه گردشگری خانه‌های دوم (مطالعه موردی: روستای زیارت)
الموضوعات :زهرا شریفی نیا 1 , علیرضا استعلاجی 2
1 - استادیارگروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی گردشگری، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران
2 - استاد گروه جغرافیا، واحد یادگار امام خمینی(ره) ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرری، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: گردشگری, روستای زیارت, خانه‌های دوم, پیامدهای اجتماعی,
ملخص المقالة :
رشد و گسترش گردشگری به شیوه متداول امروزی از جمله پدیده های مهم اواخر قرن بیستم است، بهبود سامانه حمل و نقل عمومی و تملک بیش تر وسایل نقلیه خصوصی، به افراد اجازه داد که با انگیزه های متفاوت از تفریحات سالم غیر شهری یا سرمایه گذاری شخصی در خرید املاک، به تدارک خانه های دوم بپردازند. روستای زیارت به دلیل برخورداری از آب و هوای خنک و معتدل، چشم انداز بدیع، جنگل های زیبا، داشتن موقعیت ممتاز گردشگری و استراحتگاهی و فاصله اندک تا شهر گرگان از اوایل دهه 80 مورد توجه شهرنشینان و گردشگران خانه های دوم است. هدف مقاله حاضر بررسی رابطه بین گردشگری خانه های دوم و پیامدهای اجتماعی آن در توسعه روستای زیارت می باشد. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و به لحاظ روش توصیفی- زمینه یابی و همبستگی و روش اجرا کتابخانه ای و میدانی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق را ساکنین روستای زیارت تشکیل می دهد، برای گردآوری اطلاعات با استفاده از روش میدانی(پرسش نامه) و فرمول کوکران از 384 نمونه، پرسشگری گردید. نتایج حاصل از تحقیق نشان داد که در میان شاخص های 11 گانه پیامدهای اجتماعی فقط در شاخص های افزایش تعامل و تحرک اجتماعی، جلوگیری از مهاجرت روستاییان و احیای دانش بومی فراموش شده روستا رابطه ای وجود نداشته، و در سایر شاخص ها بین توسعه گردشگری خانه های دوم و پیامدهای اجتماعی آن در سطح روستای مورد مطالعه رابطه وجود دارد.
Akbarian Ronizi, S., & Mohammadpur Chaberi, M. (2012, May). Environmental impacts of tourism in second homes in rural areas with an emphasis on host community. The 2nd Conference on Environmental Planning and Management, (pp. 1-11). Tehran: Tehran University. (In Persian)
Anabestani, A., Bouzarjomehri, Kh., & Sahebkar, N. (2012). Social and economic consequences of second homes tourism development in rural areas (Case study: Shirindareh Dehestan, Quchan County). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 1(1), 97-123. (In Persian)
Beetone, S. (2006). Community Development through Tourism. Landlinks Press.
Bieger, T., Beritelli, P., & Weinert, R. (2007). Understanding second home owners who do not rent –Insights on the proprietors of self-catered accommodation. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 26 (2), 263-276.
Birda, J.G., Osti, L., & Santifaller, E. (2011). Second homes and the need for Policy Planning. An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, 6 (1), 141-163.
Choorli, M., Shahkoohi, E., Hasanzadeh Nameghi, M., Vatani, A., & Tofighi, E. (2012). Golestan Province. Tehran: Textbooks of Iran. (In Persian)
Dadvarkhani, F., & Mohammadzadeh Larijani, F. (2014). Assessment of economic and social effects of second home tourism of rural areas in Babol township. Human Geography Research Quarterly, 45 (4), 75-102. (In Persian)
Fazelniya, Gh., kiani, A., Ramezanzadeh, M., & Afshar Omrani, E. (2011). Analysis of socio-economic and physical environmental Effects of second home construction in tourism villages, based on host community point of view (Case Study: Barase village - Tonkabon Township). Quarterly Journal of the Studies of Human Settlements Planning. 6 (15), 103-120. (In Persian)
Fesharaki, P. (2007). Rural Geography. Payame Noor. (In Persian)
Firouzni, Gh., Eftekhari, A., & Valikhani, M. (2012). Study outcomes develop second home in rural areas (Case Study: Rural Districts Tarroud of Damavand County). Geography, 9 (31), 149-170. (In Persian)
Galin Moghadam, Kh. (2010). Process’s of creating and spreading second home in mountain jangle area of north of Iran during (1345 to 1385). Quarterly Journal of the Studies of Human Settlements Planning. 4 (9), 191-210. (In Persian)
Jomeh poor, M., & Ahmadi, Sh. (2011). Effect of tourism on sustainable rural livelihoods (Case Study: Baraghan Village - Savojbolagh County). Journal of Rural Research, 2 (5), 33-62. (In Persian)
Khoshfar, Gh., Abdollahpour, M., & Karimzadeh, S. (2012). The influence of second home tourism on social capital (Case study: Siyavaraz and Lirehsar Villages in Tonekabon, Iran). Tourism Planning and Development, 1 (2), 131-152. (In Persian)
Mahdavi, M., Ghadiri Masoum, M., & Ghahremani, N. (2008). Impacts of tourism on rural development attitudes of rural people in Kan vally and Sooleghan subdistrict in Tehran county. Village and Development, 11 (2), 39-60. (In Persian)
Rezvani, M., & Safaei, J. (2005). Tourism of second homes and its effects on rural areas: Opportunity or threat (Case Study: Rural areas of northern Tehran). Geography Research, (54), 109-121. (In Persian)
Rita, p. (2000). Tourism in the European Union. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12 (7), 434- 436.
Saeidnia, A., & Mahdizadeh, J. (2012). Urban Tourism, Publications of the Organization of Municipalities of Iran. (In Persian)
Vepsalainen, M., & Pitkanen, K. (2010). Second home countryside, representations of the rural in finish popular discourses. Journal of Rural studies, 26 (2), 194-204.
Zahedi, Sh. (2006). Tracking and sustainable development: The need for environmental protection in tourism development policies. Journal of Tourism Studies, (11-12), 1-22. (In Persian)
Zarabi, A., & Eslami Parikhani, S. (2011). Measuring of economical, social- cultural and environmental affects of tourism development (Case Study: Meshkinshahr Township). Human Geography Research Quarterly, 43 (75), 37-52. (In Persian)
_||_Akbarian Ronizi, S., & Mohammadpur Chaberi, M. (2012, May). Environmental impacts of tourism in second homes in rural areas with an emphasis on host community. The 2nd Conference on Environmental Planning and Management, (pp. 1-11). Tehran: Tehran University. (In Persian)
Anabestani, A., Bouzarjomehri, Kh., & Sahebkar, N. (2012). Social and economic consequences of second homes tourism development in rural areas (Case study: Shirindareh Dehestan, Quchan County). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 1(1), 97-123. (In Persian)
Beetone, S. (2006). Community Development through Tourism. Landlinks Press.
Bieger, T., Beritelli, P., & Weinert, R. (2007). Understanding second home owners who do not rent –Insights on the proprietors of self-catered accommodation. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 26 (2), 263-276.
Birda, J.G., Osti, L., & Santifaller, E. (2011). Second homes and the need for Policy Planning. An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, 6 (1), 141-163.
Choorli, M., Shahkoohi, E., Hasanzadeh Nameghi, M., Vatani, A., & Tofighi, E. (2012). Golestan Province. Tehran: Textbooks of Iran. (In Persian)
Dadvarkhani, F., & Mohammadzadeh Larijani, F. (2014). Assessment of economic and social effects of second home tourism of rural areas in Babol township. Human Geography Research Quarterly, 45 (4), 75-102. (In Persian)
Fazelniya, Gh., kiani, A., Ramezanzadeh, M., & Afshar Omrani, E. (2011). Analysis of socio-economic and physical environmental Effects of second home construction in tourism villages, based on host community point of view (Case Study: Barase village - Tonkabon Township). Quarterly Journal of the Studies of Human Settlements Planning. 6 (15), 103-120. (In Persian)
Fesharaki, P. (2007). Rural Geography. Payame Noor. (In Persian)
Firouzni, Gh., Eftekhari, A., & Valikhani, M. (2012). Study outcomes develop second home in rural areas (Case Study: Rural Districts Tarroud of Damavand County). Geography, 9 (31), 149-170. (In Persian)
Galin Moghadam, Kh. (2010). Process’s of creating and spreading second home in mountain jangle area of north of Iran during (1345 to 1385). Quarterly Journal of the Studies of Human Settlements Planning. 4 (9), 191-210. (In Persian)
Jomeh poor, M., & Ahmadi, Sh. (2011). Effect of tourism on sustainable rural livelihoods (Case Study: Baraghan Village - Savojbolagh County). Journal of Rural Research, 2 (5), 33-62. (In Persian)
Khoshfar, Gh., Abdollahpour, M., & Karimzadeh, S. (2012). The influence of second home tourism on social capital (Case study: Siyavaraz and Lirehsar Villages in Tonekabon, Iran). Tourism Planning and Development, 1 (2), 131-152. (In Persian)
Mahdavi, M., Ghadiri Masoum, M., & Ghahremani, N. (2008). Impacts of tourism on rural development attitudes of rural people in Kan vally and Sooleghan subdistrict in Tehran county. Village and Development, 11 (2), 39-60. (In Persian)
Rezvani, M., & Safaei, J. (2005). Tourism of second homes and its effects on rural areas: Opportunity or threat (Case Study: Rural areas of northern Tehran). Geography Research, (54), 109-121. (In Persian)
Rita, p. (2000). Tourism in the European Union. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12 (7), 434- 436.
Saeidnia, A., & Mahdizadeh, J. (2012). Urban Tourism, Publications of the Organization of Municipalities of Iran. (In Persian)
Vepsalainen, M., & Pitkanen, K. (2010). Second home countryside, representations of the rural in finish popular discourses. Journal of Rural studies, 26 (2), 194-204.
Zahedi, Sh. (2006). Tracking and sustainable development: The need for environmental protection in tourism development policies. Journal of Tourism Studies, (11-12), 1-22. (In Persian)
Zarabi, A., & Eslami Parikhani, S. (2011). Measuring of economical, social- cultural and environmental affects of tourism development (Case Study: Meshkinshahr Township). Human Geography Research Quarterly, 43 (75), 37-52. (In Persian)
