تدوین مدل توسعه شرکت های کوچک و متوسط کارآفرین در روستاهای استان ایلام

الموضوعات :

نبی امیدی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت مالی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران)
اسفندیار محمدی ² (دانشیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران)
یاسان اله پوراشرف ³ (دانشیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران)
کرم خلیلی ⁴ (استادیار گروه مدیریت، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران)

تاريخ الإرسال : 22 السبت , جمادى الثانية, 1439 تاريخ التأكيد : 28 الجمعة , ربيع الثاني, 1440 تاريخ الإصدار : 29 الأحد , شوال, 1441

الکلمات المفتاحية: شرکت های کوچک و متوسط, روستا, کارآفرینی, ایلام,

ملخص المقالة :

شرکت های کوچک و متوسط با دارا بودن ویژگی های چون ، انعطاف و انطباق پذیری محیطی در شرایط متغییر ، نیازمندی به سرمایه اندک و سادگی ساختار ، همخوانی مناسبی با وضعیت اقتصادی روستاهای ایران دارند. این پژوهش کمّی و ماهیت و هدف آن کاربردی‌ و ازنظر گردآوری داده‌ها نیز توصیفی- پیمایشی می‌باشد. برای تحلیل داده‌‌ها از نرم‌افزار SPSS به‌عنوان نرم‌افزار اصلی و از نرم‌افزار LISREL به‌عنوان نرم‌افزار کمکی برای روش تحلیل عاملی (از نوع اکتشافی) استفاده شد. جامعة آماری تحقیق شامل 598 نفر از کارشناسان و مدیران دستگاه‌‌های اجرایی فعالان اقتصادی روستاها (کارآفرینان و تعاونی‌داران روستایی) و اساتید دانشگاه بودند .در این پژوهش از میان 38 متغیر شناسایی شده ، بعد از انجام بررسی های لازم و زمینه شمولیت متغییرها ، جمعاً 20 متغیّر مؤثر بر ایجاد و توسعة شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط،در روستاها شناسایی شدند. پس از به‌کار بردن تحلیل عاملی، برای تعیین تعداد عوامل از روش کیسر استفاده شد. برپایة این ملاک، عوامل تامین مالی و نهاده های تولیدی، عوامل حمایتی و ترغیبی ، عوامل آموزشی و مهارتی و عوامل فرهنگی و اجتماعی ، دارای ارزش ویژة بالای 1 شناسایی و به‌عنوان عوامل قابل استخراج تعیین شدند. نام گذاری این عوامل باتوجه به محتوای متغیرها و با و در‌نظر گرفتن ادبیات و پیشینة تحقیق، انجام گرفت. با توجه به شاخص‌‌های آماری با استفاده از روش تحلیل عوامل اصلی، این 4 عامل در‌مجموع 7531/0 درصد از واریانس کل متغیّرها را توانستند تبیین کنند.

المصادر:

Abiola, B. (2006). Knowledge, technology and growth: The case study of newi Auto parts cluster in Nigeria. World Bank Institute, World Bank, Washington, D.C. 14

Amainbydokhti, A; Zargar, S (2009). Review the barriers to small and medium enterprises development and provide a framework for supporting these firms. Work and Society, Labor and Social Security Institute, 138(1), PP.34-48.

Anwar, S., & Andaleeb, S. (2007). Factors contributing to small and medium enterprise (SME) growth: A theoretical perspective. International Review of Business Research Papers, 3(5), 44-53.

Asgari,M ; Valibigi,H ; Brghiaskouy,M ; Rasti, M; Asnaashar,F (2007). How to compete for small and medium enterprises in export development. Tehran: Arya Publishing. (In Persian)

Barkhordari,F (2008). Challenges and Solutions for the Development of Home Businesses. Labor Market Journal,593(11), PP.32-48. (In Persian)

Bartlett, W., & Bukvi, V. (2001). Barriers to SME growth in Slovenia.MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies, 11(2), 177-195.

Depillis, E; Reardon, K.K. (2007). The influence of personality traits and persuasive messages on entrepreneurial intention: A cross-cultural comparison, Journal of Career Development International, 12, (4): 382-396.

Doern, R. (2009). Investigating barriers to SME growth and development in transition environment. International Small Business Journal 27(3), 275-305

Emanierad,M (1994). The role of small and medium-sized enterprises in the development of the country's exports, the proposed method and policy in the direction of the expansion of exports. Small Industries Management, Ministry of Industry. First Edition.

Ezadkhah,M; Asgharezadehe,A (2007). "Financing in technology-driven projects at different stages of product life cycle". First Implementation Management Conference, Scientific Management Association. PP. 12-29. (In Persian)

Fairbairn, B; June, B; Murray, F. (2003). Co-operatives and Community Development: Economics in Social Perspective. Centre for the Study of Co-operatives. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, pp. 254-255.

Gibb, A. (2000). Small and medium enterprise development: Borrowing from elsewhere? A research and development agenda. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 7(3), 199-211.

Gray, C. (2000). Entrepreneurship, resistance to change and growth in small firms. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 9(1), 61-72.

Hamilton. R; Dana. L. (2003). An Increasing Role for Small Business in New Zealand, Journal of Small Business Management, Volume 41, Issue 4, pages 402–408.

Hashi, I. (2001). Financial and institutional barriers to SME growth in Albania: results of an enterprise survey. MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies, 11(3), 221-238. (In Persian)

Karimi,A ; Bozarjomehri,Sh (2013).Phenomenology of experiences and entrepreneurs’ perceptions of entrepreneurship phenomenon. Entrepreneurship Development Journal. No.7 (3), pp. 467-486. (In Persian)

Kiggundu, M. N. (2002). Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship in Africa: What is known and what needs to be done, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 7(3).

Landstrom, H. (2005). Pioneers in Entrepreneurship and Small Business Research, Springer.

Lim, H. (2007). SMEs development policy environment and challenges in Singapore. Eria.org, 267-286.

Lindstrand, A; Melén, S; Nordman, E. R. (2011). Turning social capital into business: A study of the internationalization of biotech SMEs, International Business Review, 20 (2).

Luo, Y.D. (2000). Dynamic Capabilities in International Expansion, Journal of World Business, 35.

Majumdar, S. (2007). How do they plan for growth in auto component business?-A study on small foundries of western India. Journal of Business Venturing. 25(3), 274-289.

Mambula, C. (2002). Perceptions of SME growth constraints in Nigeria. Journal of Small Business Management, 40(1), 58-65.

Moradi,H;Eravani,H;Shabanalifahmy,H;Hosyni,S(2006). An Analysis of Barriers to Entrepreneurship Development in Greenhouse Production Units in Iran. Iranian Agricultural Science Journal, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran. No.175 (1), pp. 45-76. (In Persian)

Naserbakht,J(2001), Small and medium enterprises, formation, capabilities and policies. Sharif University of Technology. No.10 (33), pp. 21-43. (In Persian)

Nory,S; Golghinpour,M;Hozory,A(2005). Growth of entrepreneurship through small entrepreneurship development centers. Proceedings of the Second National Conference on Venture Capital. University of Tehran Faculty of Management, pp. 83-104. (In Persian)

Pissarides, F., Singer, M., & Svejnar, J. (2003). Objectives and constraints of entrepreneurs: evidence from small and medium size enterprises in Russia and Bulgaria. Journal of Comparative Economics, 31(3), 503-531.

Reynolds, P. D; Hay, M; Camp, S. M. (2010). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, GEM Executive Report, Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership, Babson College.

Rezvani,M;Ahmadi,A(2007). Rural Islamic Councils, Popular Participation and Rural Development. Human Geography Quarterly, Institute of Geography, University of Tehran, Volume 1(4), pp. 35-49. (In Persian)

Robson, P. J. A., & Bennett, R. J. (2007). SMEs growth: the relationship with business advice and external collaboration. Small Business Economics, 15(3), 193-208.

Saleh, A. S., & Ndubisi, N. O. (2006). SMEs development in Malaysia: domestic and global challenges. Faculty of Commerce-Economics Working Papers, 139.

Shakoor,A; Karimi,F (2015). Prioritizing the Establishment of Cottage Industries Using Centrality Index and AHP Model, Journal Management System, No.5 (18), pp. 73-84. (In Persian)

Shamsoddini, A; Amiri Fahliyani,M.R (2015). Evaluation the Effective Factors on Rural Land Use Management in Mammasani County , Management System Journal, No.5 (19), pp. 85-100. (In Persian)

Sheghi,M(2006). Small and Medium Industries in the Export Development of the Country. Tehran: Arya Publishing. (In Persian)

Singh, R., Garg, S., & Deshmukh,h S.G. (2007). Strategy development for competitiveness: A study on Indian auto component sector. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 56(4), 285-304.

Smith, A. J., Boocock G., Clarke J., & Whittaker, J. (2002). IIP and SMEs: awareness، benefits and barriers. Personnel Review, 31(1), 62-85.

Statistics Center of Iran (2012). Results of the Population and Housing Census 2006, Tehran, Statistics Center of Iran. (In Persian)

Subrahmanya, M., Mathirajan, M., & Krishnaswamy, K. N. (2010). Importance of technological innovation for SMEs growth. Economic & Political Weekly, 45, 11-59.

Svetlicic, M; Gilmore, A; Cummins, D. (2007). Internationalization of Small and Medium – size Enterprises from selected central European economies. Eastern European Economics, 45 (4).

Talebi,K;  Reza Yekta,M(2008). Academic Entrepreneurship Education and Its Role in Creating and Developing Small and Medium Business Entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Development Week, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, 1(1), pp.111-131. (In Persian)

Talebi,K;  Reza Yekta,M; Emanipour,N; Abassibani,S(2011).Identification and Prioritization of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses Growth Strategies in the Industrial Zone Gaz Baldaji. Entrepreneurship Development School, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran. No.5 (3), pp. 163-183. (In Persian)

Tommaso, M; Sabrina, D. (2000). Towards a Theory of the Small Firm: Theoretical Aspects and Policy Implications, Series Desarrollo Productive, NO. 87, CEPAL, Santiago, Chile

Vafaee,F;Shafey,R(2009). Survey on the Role of Organizational Factors in the Increasing of Entrepreneurship in Small Industrial Corporations, Management Research in Iran. No.14 (4), pp. 233-257. (In Persian)

Wells, H. (2008). SMEs development policy environment and challenges in Singapore. Eria.org, 267-286.

Wiklund, J., Patzelt, H., & Shepherd, D. A. (2009). Building an integrative model of small business growth. Small Business Economics, 32(4), 351-374.

Wilkinson, T; Brouthers, L. E. (2006). Trade promotion and SME export performance. International Business Review, 15.

Wynarczyk, P., & Watson, R. (2005). Firm growth and supply chain partnerships: An empirical analysis of UK SMEs subcontractors. Small Business Economics, 24(1), 39-51

Zaraechahkohy,M.A(2009). Data analysis in natural resources research using SPSS software, Tehran, Jahad university. (In Persian)

Audretsch, D. B. (2002). "Entrepreneurship: A Survey of the Literature. Institute for Development Strategies", Indiana University & Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), London.

Faraji Sabokbar,H; Badri,S.A; Sojasi Qidari,H; Sadeghloo,T(2010).Entrepreneurship Development Ranking (Gradation) in Rural Area by Using of PROMETEE Technique, Human Geographic Research.43(75).pp 53-68. (In Persian)

Ezami, A. (2011). Factors affecting the success of rural cooperatives (MD thesis). Tehran :Allameh Tabatabai University.

Passeban, F. (2004). The role of women entrepreneur in the rural development in the developing countries . Paper presented at The Rural Development Conference: The Challenges and Prospectives. Tehran, Iran.pp.16-28. (In Persian)

Saxena, S. (2012). Problems faced by rural entrepreneurs and remedies to solve it. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 3(1),pp. 23–9.

Baseri, B., Sadeghi, H., & Khaksar, GH. (2010). [Performance of producer cooperatives in Iran’s agriculture sector (Persian)]. The Economic Research, 10(3),pp. 1-24.

Kader, A., Mohamad, M, Ibrahim, A.(2007), "Success factors for small rural entrepreneurs under the one-district-one industry programme in Malaysia" , Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur .

Russel S. Sobel and Kerry A. King (2008). Does school choice increase the rate of youth entrepreneurship? Economics of Education Review27, pp. 429-438, Elsevier.

Laukkanen Mauri (2003). "Exploring academic entrepreneurship: drivers and tensions of university-based business",Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Volume 10 Number 4 , pp.372-382