تأثیر ضد میکروبی اسانس گیاه نوروزک بر روی باکتری های بی هوازی مولد عفونت های دهانی-حلقی
الموضوعات :پروانه ابریشم چی 1 , مهرانگیز خواجه کرم الدینی 2 , ریحانه هوشیار سرجامی 3 , آرزو ذاکر 4 , جواد اصیلی 5 , حسن پرسا 6 , رضا ظریف 7
1 - دانشیار، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده علوم، گروه زیست شناسی
2 - استاد، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مرکز تحقیقات میکروب شناسی و ویروس شناسی
3 - کارشناس ارشد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده علوم، گروه زیست شناسی
4 - دکتری تخصصی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده علوم، گروه زیست شناسی
5 - دانشیار، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، دانشکده داروسازی، گروه فارماکوگنوزی
6 - کارشناس ارشد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، گروه پژوهشی بقولات
7 - کارشناس ارشد، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، گروه میکروب شناسی
الکلمات المفتاحية: ضد باکتری, اسانس, گیاه نوروزک, باکتری های دهانی,
ملخص المقالة :
سابقه و هدف: نوروزک گیاهی دارویی متعلق به تیره نعناع و بومی استان خراسان است. این گیاه دارای ویژگی های با ارزش دارویی مانند خاصیت ضد میکروب، ضد التهاب، ضد درد، آرام بخش و آنتی اکسیدان می باشد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر ضد باکتریایی اسانس گیاه نوروزک بر برخی از باکتری های بی هوازی مولد عفونت های دهانی-حلقی انجام شد. مواد و روش ها: در این پژوهش بنیادی-کاربردی بخش های هوایی نوروزک در مرحله گل دهی از منطقه بجستان، واقع در استان خراسان رضوی جمع آوری گردید و به روش تقطیر با آب، اسانس گیری شد. اجزای اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه GC-MS شناسایی گردیدند. اثر غلظت های مختلف اسانس (mg/ml 50، 25، 12.5، 6.25) بر باکتری های استرپتوکوکوس موتانس، استرپتوکوکوس پیوژنز، استرپتوکوکوس سانگوئیس و اکتینومایسس ویسکوسوس به روش های دیسک کاغذی، چاهک (انتشار در آگار)، کالیبراسیون متداول، رقت در آگار و رقت در لوله ارزیابی شد. یافته ها: از میان 35 ترکیب شناسایی شده در اسانس، به ترتیب، β-پینن (23.35%)، α-مورولول (17/.11%)، α-پینن (14.13%) و اوکالیپتول (1 و 8 سینئول) (13.25%)، اجزای اصلی بودند. اسانس این گیاه تأثیر بازدارندگی قابل ملاحظه ای بر رشد باکتری های مورد بررسی داشت. به طوری که بیشترین اثر بازدارندگی از رشد، در غلظت mg/ml 50 مشاهده گردید. استرپتوکوکوس موتانس (mg/ml 13.98=MIC، mg/ml 31.99=MBC) و استرپتوکوکوس پیوژنز (mg/ml 25.32=MIC، mg/ml 51.99=MBC) به ترتیب حساس ترین و مقاوم ترین باکتری در برابر اسانس گیاه نوروزک بودند. نتیجه گیری: اسانس گیاه نوروزک می تواند به عنوان یک فرآورده طبیعی برای تهیه دهان شویه ها و به منظور کنترل بیماری های دهان و دندان مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
1. Khalil A, Hassawi DS, Kharma A. Genetic relationship among Salvia species and antimicrobial activity of their crude extract against pathogenic bacteria. Asian J Plant Sci. 2005; 4(5): 544-549.
2. Pierozan MK, Pauletti GF, Rota L, Santos ACA, Lerin LA, Diluccio M, Mossi AJ, Atti-Serafini L, Cansian RL, Oliveira JV. Chemical characterization and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Salvia L. species. Cienc Tecnol Aliment. 2009; 29(4): 764-770.
3. Rechinger KH. Flora Iranica. Graz. Academische Druk und Verlagsantalt; 1982; 150: 582.
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5. Hosseinzadeh H, Sadeghnia HR, Imenshahidi M, Fazly Bazzaz BS. Review of the pharmacological and toxicological effects of Salvia leriifolia. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2009; 12: 1-8.
6. Hosseinzadeh H, Yavary M. Anti-inflammatory effect of Salvia leriifolia Benth. leaf extract in mice and rats. Pharm Pharmacol Lett. 1999; 2: 60-61.
7. Hosseinzadeh H, Haddadkhodaparast MH, Hosseini E. Anti-ulcer effect of Salvia leriifolia Benth leaf extract in mice. Pharm Pharmacol Lett. 2000; 10: 63-64.
8. Farhoosh R, Purazrang H, Haddad-Khodaparast MH, Rahimizadeh M, Seyedi SM. Extraction and separation of antioxidative compounds from Salvia leriifolia leaves. J Agr Sci Tech. 2004; 6: 43-50.
9. Hadad Khodaparast MH, Haghdoost A, Elhami-Rad AH, Movahhed G, Karazhiyan H. 2006. Antioxidant activity and thermal Properties of salvia leriifolia (Norozak) root extract. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Innovations in Food and Bioprocess Technologies. 12-14 Dec, Pathumthani, Thailand. 378-383.
10. Rota MC, Herrera A, Martinez RM, Sotomayor JA, Jordan MJ. Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis and Thymus hyemalis essential oils. Food Control. 2008; 19: 681-687.
11. Vakili E, Amjad L, Karbasizade V. Antibacterial properties of Anthemis gayana leaves essential oil. Int J Agric Crop Sci. 2013; 5(13): 1464-1467.
12. Najafi S, Mousavi SM, Shafaghat M. Investigation of phytochemical properties, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Salvia sharifii using microdilution method. Iran J Infect Dis Trop Med. 2016; 71: 33-39. [In Persian]
13. Mahdavi M, Jouri MH, Mahzooni-Kachapi S,Halimi-jelodar S. Study of chemical composition and antibacterial effects of essential oils of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl., Salvia verticillata L., and Tanacetum polycephalum Schultz-Bip. on some microbial lineages. Int J Farm Alli Sci. 2015; 4(3): 197-206.
14. Saleempour F, Mazouji A, Mazhar SF, Barzin G. Comparison of the antibacterial properties of essential oils of four species of Salvia. Res in Med. 2014; 37(4): 205-20. [In Persian]
15. Yadollahi A, Firouznia A, Rajab Zadeh Gh. Chemical composition and antibacterial properties of the essential oil of Salvia chloroleuca in North Khorassan Province. J North Khorasan Uni Med Sci. 2012; 4: 69-76. [In Persian]
16. Paknejadi M, Foroohi F, Yousefzadi M. Antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of five Salvia species from Tehran Province, Iran. J Paramed Sci. 2012; 3(2): 12-18.
17. Chalabian F, Norouzi H, Mousavi S. Antimicrobial effects of seven plant species from different families on some pathogenic bacteria. J Med Plants. 2003; 7: 37-42.
18. Batooli H, Safaei-Ghomi J, Haghir-Ebrahim-Abadi A, Masoomi R. Evaluating the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the vegetative and reproductive organs and an antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extract of two Salvia species in Kashan region. Feyz J Kashan Uni Med Sci. 2013; 16(6): 536-545. [In Persian]
19. Rezaei MB, Jaymand K. editors. Essential oils, distillations apparatuses, test methods of essential oils and retention indices in essential oil analysis. Tehran, Iran. Iranian Society of Medicinal Plants; 2006. [In Persian]
20. Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM. Color atlas and text book of diagnostic microbiology. 4th ed. New York, USA. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 1992.
21. Baron EJ, Peterson LR, Finegold SM. Bailey and Scott's diagnostic microbiology. 9th ed. St. Louis, MO, USA. Mosby; 1994.
22. Forbes BA, Sahm DF, Weissfeld AS. Bailey and Scott's diagnostic microbiology. 12th ed. St. Louis, MO, USA. Mosby Elsevier; 2007.
23. Duffy CF, Power RF. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of some Chinese plant extracts. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2001; 17: 527-529.
24. Cardile V, Russo A, Formisano C, Rigano D, Senatore F, Arnold NA, Piozzi F. Essential oils of Salvia bracteata and Salvia Rubifolia from Lebanon: chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and inhibitory effect on human melanoma cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 126(2): 265-272.
25. Kivrak I, Duru ME, Ozturk M, Harmandar M, Topcu G. Antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial constituents from the essential oil and ethanol extract of Salvia potentillifolia. Food Chem. 2009; 116(2): 470-479.
26. Kotan R, Kordali S, Caki, A, Kesdek M, Kaya Y, Kilic H. Antimicrobial and insecticidal activities of essential oil isolated from Turkish Salvia hydrangea DC. Ex Benth. Biochem Sys Ecol. 2008; 36: 360-368.
27. ZiaKhan F, Asif-Saeed M. Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of Salvia splendens Sello. Pak J Pharm Sci. 1998; 11(2): 13-21.
28. Velickovic D, randjelovic NV, Ristic MS, Smelcerovic AA, velickovic AS. Chemical composition and antimicrobial action of the ethanol extracts of Salvia pratensis L., Salvia glutinosa L. and Salvia aethiopis L. J Serb Chem Soc. 2002; 67(10) :639-646.
29. Gulcin I, Ugoz MT, Oktay M, Beydemir V, Kufrevioglu OI. Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.). Turk J Agric For. 2004; 28: 25-33.
30. Kuzma L, Kalemba D, Rozalski M, Rozalska B, Wieckowska-Szakiel M, Krajewska V, Wysokinska H. Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil from Salvia sclarea plants regenerated in vitro. Molecules. 2009; 14(4): 1438-1447.
31. Beheshti-Rouy M, Azarsina M, Rezaie-Soufi L, Alikhani MY, Roshanaie G, Komaki S. The antibacterial effect of sage extract (Salvia officinalis) mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque: a randomized clinical trial. Iran J Microbiol. 2015; 7(3):173-177.
32. Kermanshah H, Hashemi Kamangar SS, Arami S, Mirsalehian A, Kamalinejad M, Karimi M, Jebel Amel F. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia officinalis and Menta longifolia against three cariogenic bacteria. J Dent Sch. 2011; 28(4): 232-237.
33. Zomorodian K, Ghadiri P, Saharkhiz MJ, Moen MR, Meriar P, Bahrani F, Golzar T, Pakshir K, Fani MM. Antimicrobial activity of seven essential oils from Iranian aromatic plants against common causes of oral infections. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015; 8(2): e17766.
34. El-Hawary SS, El-Sofany RH, Abdel-Monem AR, Ashour RS, Sleem AA. Seasonal variation in the composition of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng essential oil and its biological activities. Am J Essent Oils Nat Prod. 2013; 1(2): 11-18.
35. Zainal-Abidin Z, Mohd-Said S, Abdul Majid FA, Mustapha WAW, Jantan I. Anti-bacterial activity of Cinnamon oil on oral pathogens. The Open Conf Proc J. 2013; 4(Suppl-2, M4): 12-16.
36. Omid-Beigi R. Approaches to production and processing of medicinal plants. Tehran, Iran. Tarahan Nashr Press; 1997. [In Persian]
37. Rustaiyan A, Masoudi S, Yari M, Rabani M, Motiefa, HR, Larijani K. Essential oil of Salvia leriifolia Benth. J Essent Oil Res. 2000; 12(5): 601-602.
38. Rustaiyan A, Shafeghat A, Masoudi S, Akhlaghy H, Tabatabaei M. Essential oil of Salvia leriifolia Benth. J Essent Oil Bear Pl. 2007; 10: 121-126.
39. Monfared A, Ghorbanli M. Composition of the essential oils of Salvia leriifolia Benth. Growing wild in around of two mine in Iran. Res J Phytochem. 2010; 4(1): 13-17.
_||_1. Khalil A, Hassawi DS, Kharma A. Genetic relationship among Salvia species and antimicrobial activity of their crude extract against pathogenic bacteria. Asian J Plant Sci. 2005; 4(5): 544-549.
2. Pierozan MK, Pauletti GF, Rota L, Santos ACA, Lerin LA, Diluccio M, Mossi AJ, Atti-Serafini L, Cansian RL, Oliveira JV. Chemical characterization and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Salvia L. species. Cienc Tecnol Aliment. 2009; 29(4): 764-770.
3. Rechinger KH. Flora Iranica. Graz. Academische Druk und Verlagsantalt; 1982; 150: 582.
4. Hosseinzadeh H, Imenshahidi M. Effects of aqueous and alcoholic extract of seeds and leaves of Salvia leriifolia on viability of rats exposed to hypoxia. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 1999; 2: 75-78. [In Persian]
5. Hosseinzadeh H, Sadeghnia HR, Imenshahidi M, Fazly Bazzaz BS. Review of the pharmacological and toxicological effects of Salvia leriifolia. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2009; 12: 1-8.
6. Hosseinzadeh H, Yavary M. Anti-inflammatory effect of Salvia leriifolia Benth. leaf extract in mice and rats. Pharm Pharmacol Lett. 1999; 2: 60-61.
7. Hosseinzadeh H, Haddadkhodaparast MH, Hosseini E. Anti-ulcer effect of Salvia leriifolia Benth leaf extract in mice. Pharm Pharmacol Lett. 2000; 10: 63-64.
8. Farhoosh R, Purazrang H, Haddad-Khodaparast MH, Rahimizadeh M, Seyedi SM. Extraction and separation of antioxidative compounds from Salvia leriifolia leaves. J Agr Sci Tech. 2004; 6: 43-50.
9. Hadad Khodaparast MH, Haghdoost A, Elhami-Rad AH, Movahhed G, Karazhiyan H. 2006. Antioxidant activity and thermal Properties of salvia leriifolia (Norozak) root extract. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Innovations in Food and Bioprocess Technologies. 12-14 Dec, Pathumthani, Thailand. 378-383.
10. Rota MC, Herrera A, Martinez RM, Sotomayor JA, Jordan MJ. Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis and Thymus hyemalis essential oils. Food Control. 2008; 19: 681-687.
11. Vakili E, Amjad L, Karbasizade V. Antibacterial properties of Anthemis gayana leaves essential oil. Int J Agric Crop Sci. 2013; 5(13): 1464-1467.
12. Najafi S, Mousavi SM, Shafaghat M. Investigation of phytochemical properties, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Salvia sharifii using microdilution method. Iran J Infect Dis Trop Med. 2016; 71: 33-39. [In Persian]
13. Mahdavi M, Jouri MH, Mahzooni-Kachapi S,Halimi-jelodar S. Study of chemical composition and antibacterial effects of essential oils of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl., Salvia verticillata L., and Tanacetum polycephalum Schultz-Bip. on some microbial lineages. Int J Farm Alli Sci. 2015; 4(3): 197-206.
14. Saleempour F, Mazouji A, Mazhar SF, Barzin G. Comparison of the antibacterial properties of essential oils of four species of Salvia. Res in Med. 2014; 37(4): 205-20. [In Persian]
15. Yadollahi A, Firouznia A, Rajab Zadeh Gh. Chemical composition and antibacterial properties of the essential oil of Salvia chloroleuca in North Khorassan Province. J North Khorasan Uni Med Sci. 2012; 4: 69-76. [In Persian]
16. Paknejadi M, Foroohi F, Yousefzadi M. Antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of five Salvia species from Tehran Province, Iran. J Paramed Sci. 2012; 3(2): 12-18.
17. Chalabian F, Norouzi H, Mousavi S. Antimicrobial effects of seven plant species from different families on some pathogenic bacteria. J Med Plants. 2003; 7: 37-42.
18. Batooli H, Safaei-Ghomi J, Haghir-Ebrahim-Abadi A, Masoomi R. Evaluating the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the vegetative and reproductive organs and an antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extract of two Salvia species in Kashan region. Feyz J Kashan Uni Med Sci. 2013; 16(6): 536-545. [In Persian]
19. Rezaei MB, Jaymand K. editors. Essential oils, distillations apparatuses, test methods of essential oils and retention indices in essential oil analysis. Tehran, Iran. Iranian Society of Medicinal Plants; 2006. [In Persian]
20. Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM. Color atlas and text book of diagnostic microbiology. 4th ed. New York, USA. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 1992.
21. Baron EJ, Peterson LR, Finegold SM. Bailey and Scott's diagnostic microbiology. 9th ed. St. Louis, MO, USA. Mosby; 1994.
22. Forbes BA, Sahm DF, Weissfeld AS. Bailey and Scott's diagnostic microbiology. 12th ed. St. Louis, MO, USA. Mosby Elsevier; 2007.
23. Duffy CF, Power RF. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of some Chinese plant extracts. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2001; 17: 527-529.
24. Cardile V, Russo A, Formisano C, Rigano D, Senatore F, Arnold NA, Piozzi F. Essential oils of Salvia bracteata and Salvia Rubifolia from Lebanon: chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and inhibitory effect on human melanoma cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 126(2): 265-272.
25. Kivrak I, Duru ME, Ozturk M, Harmandar M, Topcu G. Antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial constituents from the essential oil and ethanol extract of Salvia potentillifolia. Food Chem. 2009; 116(2): 470-479.
26. Kotan R, Kordali S, Caki, A, Kesdek M, Kaya Y, Kilic H. Antimicrobial and insecticidal activities of essential oil isolated from Turkish Salvia hydrangea DC. Ex Benth. Biochem Sys Ecol. 2008; 36: 360-368.
27. ZiaKhan F, Asif-Saeed M. Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of Salvia splendens Sello. Pak J Pharm Sci. 1998; 11(2): 13-21.
28. Velickovic D, randjelovic NV, Ristic MS, Smelcerovic AA, velickovic AS. Chemical composition and antimicrobial action of the ethanol extracts of Salvia pratensis L., Salvia glutinosa L. and Salvia aethiopis L. J Serb Chem Soc. 2002; 67(10) :639-646.
29. Gulcin I, Ugoz MT, Oktay M, Beydemir V, Kufrevioglu OI. Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.). Turk J Agric For. 2004; 28: 25-33.
30. Kuzma L, Kalemba D, Rozalski M, Rozalska B, Wieckowska-Szakiel M, Krajewska V, Wysokinska H. Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil from Salvia sclarea plants regenerated in vitro. Molecules. 2009; 14(4): 1438-1447.
31. Beheshti-Rouy M, Azarsina M, Rezaie-Soufi L, Alikhani MY, Roshanaie G, Komaki S. The antibacterial effect of sage extract (Salvia officinalis) mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque: a randomized clinical trial. Iran J Microbiol. 2015; 7(3):173-177.
32. Kermanshah H, Hashemi Kamangar SS, Arami S, Mirsalehian A, Kamalinejad M, Karimi M, Jebel Amel F. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia officinalis and Menta longifolia against three cariogenic bacteria. J Dent Sch. 2011; 28(4): 232-237.
33. Zomorodian K, Ghadiri P, Saharkhiz MJ, Moen MR, Meriar P, Bahrani F, Golzar T, Pakshir K, Fani MM. Antimicrobial activity of seven essential oils from Iranian aromatic plants against common causes of oral infections. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015; 8(2): e17766.
34. El-Hawary SS, El-Sofany RH, Abdel-Monem AR, Ashour RS, Sleem AA. Seasonal variation in the composition of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng essential oil and its biological activities. Am J Essent Oils Nat Prod. 2013; 1(2): 11-18.
35. Zainal-Abidin Z, Mohd-Said S, Abdul Majid FA, Mustapha WAW, Jantan I. Anti-bacterial activity of Cinnamon oil on oral pathogens. The Open Conf Proc J. 2013; 4(Suppl-2, M4): 12-16.
36. Omid-Beigi R. Approaches to production and processing of medicinal plants. Tehran, Iran. Tarahan Nashr Press; 1997. [In Persian]
37. Rustaiyan A, Masoudi S, Yari M, Rabani M, Motiefa, HR, Larijani K. Essential oil of Salvia leriifolia Benth. J Essent Oil Res. 2000; 12(5): 601-602.
38. Rustaiyan A, Shafeghat A, Masoudi S, Akhlaghy H, Tabatabaei M. Essential oil of Salvia leriifolia Benth. J Essent Oil Bear Pl. 2007; 10: 121-126.
39. Monfared A, Ghorbanli M. Composition of the essential oils of Salvia leriifolia Benth. Growing wild in around of two mine in Iran. Res J Phytochem. 2010; 4(1): 13-17.
