Biophysical Characteristics of Deli River Watershed to Know Potential Flooding in Medan City, Indonesia
الموضوعات :
1 - Universitas Medan Area, Medan, Indonesia
الکلمات المفتاحية: biophysical characteristics, potential flooding, Deli River Watershed,
ملخص المقالة :
This research aims to analysis the biophysical characteristics of watershed of Deli River to know potential flooding in Medan. The research is conducted at Deli River, which is located in 3 locations in North Sumatera namely Karo Regency, Deli Serdang and Medan City. Indonesia. This research used field survey method, survey activity in the form of observation and verification of characterization and biophysical identification of watershed in each location. Some properties of soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory. Field surveys are also conducted by observing the types of land use, as well as, climate and hydrological data. The results of Surveyed data and soil analysis were used to assess land damage. The findings showed that understanding the biophysical flow of the river especially land use, slope, landform, and rainfall in the upstream Deli sub watershed in the Deli river in Medan is very important and sensitive. One of the causes of flooding in Medan City due to the degradation / damage of land both due to erosion, land criticality, and land use that is not in accordance with the ability of land use. The direction of conservation and land use has an impact on the decrease of maximum flood and flood volume of each Sub Watershed with 2, 5 and 10 year re-period.
Arly. 1998. Arahan Penggunaan Lahan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Deli Bagian Hulu Ditinjau dari Aspek Fisik dan Sosial Ekonomi Wilayah. Tesis, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan. (In Indonesian).
Arsyad, S. 2010. Konservasi Tanah & Air. IPB Press. Bogor. (In Indonesian).
Asdak, C. 2004. Hidrologi dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai. Gadjah Mada University Press.Yogyakarta. (In Indonesian).
Central Management of Regional River Flow of Wampu Sei Ular. 1998. Pemantauan Tata Air dengan Pendekatan Mdel Hidrologi. Direktorat Jenderal Rehabilitasi Lahan dan Perhutanan Sosial. Departemen Kehutanan. (In Indonesian)
Brooks, K.N. 1989. Watershed Management Project Planning, Monitoring, and Minnesota Evaluation: A Manual for The ASEAN Region. University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.
Cech, T.V. 2005. Principles of Water Resources History, Development, Management, and Policy. Second Edition. Wiley. USA.
Center for Land Resources Studies of Gadjah Mada University. 2007. Kajian Dampak Tanaman Monokultur Terhadap Bencana Banjir. Laporan Akhir Penelitian. Pusat Studi Sumber Daya Lahan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Kerja sama dengan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Riau.Yogyakarta. (In Indonesian)
Dixon, A., and Easter, K.W. 1986. Integrated Watershed Management: An Approach to Resources Management, Westview Press, Inc. Colarado. United States of America.
Hasibuan, G. M. 2007. Model Koordinasi Kelembagaan Pengelolaan Banjir Perkotaan Terpadu. Disertasi Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas SumateraUtara. Medan (In Indonesian)
Hudson, H. W. 1981. Soil Conservation. Second Edition. Cornel University Press, Ithaca. New York. (In Indonesian).
Hutapea, Sumihar. 2019. Assessment of Deli Watershed Flood Causing Damage in Medan City, Indonesia. Journal of Rangeland Science, Vol 9 No. 3.
Irianto, G. dan Rejekiningrum, P. 2008. Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Air: Suatu Tinjauan Dari Sisi Agroklimat dan Hidrologi. dalam Penyelamatan Tanah, Air, dan Lingkungan. (Eds) Arsyad dan Rustiadi. Yayasan Obor Indonesia. Jakarta. (In Indonesian).
Isnugroho. 2002. Tinjauan Penyebab Banjir dan Upaya Penanggulangannya. Alami. Jurnal Air, Lahan, Lingkungan dan Mitigasi Bencana. Vol. 7 No.2 Jakarta. p. 1–7. (In Indonesian).
Kodoatie, R. J. dan Sugiyanto. 2002. Banjir Beberapa Penyebab dan Metode Pengendaliaannya Dalam Prespektif Lingkungan. Pustaka Pelajar. Yogyakarta. (In Indonesian).
Maryono, A. 2005. Menangani Banjir Kekeringan dan Lingkungan Gadjah Mada University Press (In Indonesian).
Notohadiprawiro, T., Rachman S., Azwar M., Yasni, S.1999. Kebutuhan Riset, Inventarisasi dan Koordinasi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Tanah di Indonesia. Kantor Menteri Negara Riset dan Teknologi dan Dewan Riset Nasional. Jakarta. (In Indonesian).
Priyono, C. N. S, and Cahyono S. A.. 2001. Status and Strategy for Future Watershed Management Development in Indonesia. Natural. Journal of Water, Land, Environment and Disaster Mitigation. Vol. 8 No.1. Jakarta. p. 1-5.
Prastowo. 2008. Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mata Air. dalam Penyelamatan Tanah, Air, dan Lingkungan. (Eds) Arsyad dan Rustiadi. Yayasan Obor Indonesia. Jakarta. (In Indonesian).
Seyhan. 1990. Dasar-dasar Hidrologi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press Yogyakarta. (In Indonesian).
