Enhancing Growth and Morpho-physiological Traits of Tissue-cultured Explants of Persian Walnut through Manipulation of In vitro Lighting Spectra

الموضوعات :

Seyyed Arash Saeedi ¹ , Kourosh Vahdati ² , Sasan Aliniaeifard ³ , Saadat Sarikhani ⁴ , Shirin Dianati ⁵ , Maryam Davarzani ⁶ , Safieh Fakhari ⁷

1 - Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 - Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
5 - Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
6 - Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
7 - Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

تاريخ الإرسال : 16 الثلاثاء , ربيع الثاني, 1445 تاريخ التأكيد : 19 الأربعاء , رجب, 1445 تاريخ الإصدار : 20 الجمعة , شعبان, 1445

الکلمات المفتاحية: tissue culture, Micropropagation, in vitro, Persian walnut, LED spectra, Morpho-physiological,

ملخص المقالة :

There are numerous challenges associated with the large-scale production of walnut In vitro-plantlets. It is imperative to develop new environmental control systems for its In vitro propagation. Additionally, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the impacts of lighting systems on the morpho-physiological traits and biomass accumulation in walnut tissue-cultured explants. In this study, walnut nodal shoots were subjected to eight different light spectra, including white, blue, red, green, far-red, blue-red combination, red-far-red combination, and a fluorescent lamp serving as a control, over a period of 28 days. The results indicated that combined spectra treatments, such as blue-red and red-far-red, led to improved biomass accumulation (total fresh and dry weight) compared to other monochromatic light spectral treatments. Furthermore, Light-emitting diode (LED) treatments had a discernible impact on the morpho-physiological traits of walnut In vitro-explants. Specifically, white light spectra enhanced Specific leaf area (SLA), while the green light spectra increased leaf water content (LWC) when compared to other light treatments. Additionally, the application of far-red light elevated leaf mass area (LMA) and water content per unit leaf area (LWCA). The findings of this study demonstrate that the quality, morphological, and growth characteristics of In vitro explants of walnut can be enhanced by utilizing specific light spectra.

المصادر:

Aliniaeifard S, Asayesh ZM, Driver J, Vahdati K (2020) Stomatal features and desiccation responses of Persian walnut leaf as caused by In vitro stimuli aimed at stomatal closure. Trees. 34(5), 1219-1232.

Arab MM, Marrano A, Abdollahi-Arpanahi R, Leslie CA, Cheng H, Neale DB, Vahdati K (2020) Combining phenotype, genotype, and environment to uncover genetic components underlying water use efficiency in Persian walnut. Journal of Experimental Botany; 71(3), 1107-1127.

Asayesh ZM, Aliniaeifard S, Vahdati K (2021) Stomatal morphology and desiccation response of Persian walnut tissue culture plantlets influenced by the gelling agent of In vitro culture medium. Journal of Nuts. 12(1), 41-52.

Asayesh ZM, Vahdati K, Aliniaeifard S, Askari N (2017) Enhancement of ex vitro acclimation of walnut plantlets through modification of stomatal characteristics In vitro. Scientia Horticulturae. 220, 114-121.

Batista DS, de Castro KM, da Silva AR, Teixeira ML, Sales TA, Soares LI, das Graças Cardoso M, de Oliveira Santos M, Viccini LF,  Otoni WC (2016) Light quality affects In vitro growth and essential oil profile in Lippia alba (Verbenaceae). In vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant. 52, 276-282.

Bello-Bello JJ, Perez-Sato JA, Cruz-Cruz CA, Martínez-Estrada E (2017) Light-emitting diodes: Progress in plant micropropagation. InTech. 6(1), 93-103.

Davarzani M, Aliniaeifard S, Mehrjerdi MZ, Roozban MR, Saeedi SA, Gruda NS (2023) Optimizing supplemental light spectrum improves growth and yield of cut roses. Scientific Reports. 13(1), 21381.

Deb C, Imchen T (2010) An efficient In vitro hardening technique of tissue culture raised plants. Biotechnology. 9(1), 79-83.

Driver JA, Kuniyuki AH (1984) In vitro propagation of Paradox walnut rootstock. HortScience. 19(4), 507-509.

Dutta Gupta S, Jatothu B (2013) Fundamentals and applications of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in In vitro plant growth and morphogenesis. Plant Biotechnology Reports. 7, 211-220.

Goins GD, Yorio N, Sanwo M, Brown C (1997) Photomorphogenesis, photosynthesis, and seed yield of wheat plants grown under red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with and without supplemental blue lighting. Journal of Experimental Botany. 48(7), 1407-1413.

Gupta SD, Agarwal A (2017) Light emitting diodes for agriculture. LED supplementary lighting: 27-36.

Habibi A, Hamedpour-Darabi M, Vahdati K (2022) Local cultural values of Persian walnut in Iran. In: Wall J (ed) The Cultural value of trees. 1^st edn. Routledge. New York.

Hazarika, B. (2006). Morpho-physiological disorders in In vitro culture of plants. Scientia Horticulturae. 108(2), 105-120.

Hung CD, Hong CH, Kim SK, Lee KH, Park JY, Nam MW, Choi DH, Lee HI (2016) LED light for In vitro and ex vitro efficient growth of economically important highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 38: 1-9.

Julian LMR, Alexandru F, Georgi C (2020) Micropropagation of valuable walnut genotypes for timber production: new advances and insights. Annals of Silvicultural Research. 44(1), 5-13.

Kadleček P, Tichá I, Haisel D, Čapková V, Schäfer C (2001) Importance of In vitro pretreatment for ex vitro acclimatization and growth. Plant Science. 161(4), 695-701.

Kaiser E, Ouzounis T, Giday H, Schipper R, Heuvelink E, Marcelis LF (2019) Adding blue to red supplemental light increases biomass and yield of greenhouse-grown tomatoes, but only to an optimum. Frontiers in Plant Science. 9, 2002.

Khodadadi F, Tohidfar M, Mohayeji M, Dandekar AM, Leslie CA, Kluepfel D, Butterfield T, Vahdati K (2016) Induction of polyphenol oxidase in walnut and its relationship to the pathogenic response to bacterial blight. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 141(2), 119-124.

Kozai T, Xiao Y (2008) A commercialized photoautotrophic micropropagation system. Plant Tissue Culture Engineering. Focus on Biotechnology, 6: 355-371, Springer, Dordrecht.

Kozai T, Xiao Y, Nguyen QT, Afreen F, Zobayed SM (2005) Photoautotrophic (sugar-free medium) micropropagation systems for large-scale commercialization. Propagation of Ornamental Plants. 5(1), 23-34.

Li H, Xu Z, Tang C (2010) Effect of light-emitting diodes on growth and morphogenesis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plantlets In vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC). 103, 155-163.

Lin KH, Huang MY, Huang WD, Hsu MH, Yang ZW, Yang CM (2013) The effects of red, blue, and white light-emitting diodes on the growth, development, and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata). Scientia Horticulturae. 150, 86-91.

Lin Y, Li J, Li B, He T, Chun Z (2011) Effects of light quality on growth and development of protocorm-like bodies of Dendrobium officinale In vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC). 105, 329-335.

Loyola-Vargas VM, Ochoa-Alejo N (2018) An introduction to plant tissue culture: advances and perspectives. Plant Cell Culture Protocols. 1815, 3-13.

Mahmoudian M, Rahemi M, Karimi S, Yazdani N, Tajdini Z, Sarikhani S, Vahdati K (2021) Role of kaolin on drought tolerance and nut quality of Persian walnut. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. 20(6): 409-16.

Moradi S, Kafi M, Aliniaeifard S, Salami SA, Shokrpour M, Pedersen C, Moosavi-Nezhad M, Wróbel J, Kalaji HM (2021) Blue light improves photosynthetic performance and biomass partitioning toward harvestable organs in saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Cells. 10(8), 1994.

Nanya K, Ishigami Y, Hikosaka S, Goto E (2012) Effects of blue and red light on stem elongation and flowering of tomato seedlings. In VII International Symposium on Light in Horticultural Systems. 956, 261-266.

OuzounisT, Heuvelink E, Ji Y, Schouten H, Visser R, Marcelis L (2016) Blue and red LED lighting effects on plant biomass, stomatal conductance, and metabolite content in nine tomato genotypes. In VIII International Symposium on Light in Horticulture. 1134, 251-258.

Poudel PR, Kataoka I, Mochioka R (2008) Effect of red-and blue-light-emitting diodes on growth and morphogenesis of grapes. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 92, 147-153.

Sadat-Hosseini M, Arab MM, Soltani M, Eftekhari M, Soleimani A, Vahdati K (2022) Predictive modeling of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) In vitro proliferation media using machine learning approaches: a comparative study of ANN, KNN and GEP models. Plant Methods. 18(1), 48.

Saeedi SA, Vahdati K, Sarikhani S, Daylami SD, Davarzani M, Gruda NS, Aliniaeifard S (2023) Growth, photosynthetic function, and stomatal characteristics of Persian walnut explants In vitro under different light spectra. Frontiers in Plant Science. 14,1292045

Sáez PL, Bravo LA, Latsague MI, Sánchez ME, Ríos DG (2012) Increased light intensity during In vitro culture improves water loss control and photosynthetic performance of Castanea sativa grown in ventilated vessels. Scientia Horticulturae. 138, 7-16.

Sáez PL, Bravo LA, Latsague MI, Toneatti MJ, Coopman RE, Alvarez CE, Sánchez-Olate M, Ríos DG (2015) Influence of In vitro growth conditions on the photosynthesis and survival of Castanea sativa plantlets during ex vitro transfer. Plant Growth Regulation. 75, 625-639.

Son KH, Oh MM (2013) Leaf shape, growth, and antioxidant phenolic compounds of two lettuce cultivars grown under various combinations of blue and red light-emitting diodes. HortScience. 48(8), 988-995.

Stefano M, Rosario M (2003) Effects of light quality on micropropagation of woody species. Micropropagation of woody trees and fruits. 75, 3-35.

Tarakanov IG, Tovstyko DA, Lomakin MP, Shmakov AS, Sleptsov NN, Shmarev AN, Litvinskiy VA, Ivlev AA (2022) Effects of light spectral quality on photosynthetic activity, biomass production, and carbon isotope fractionation in lettuce, Lactuca sativa L., plants. Plants. 11(3), 441.

Vahdati K, Aliniaeifard S (2017) Investigation of physiological components involved in low water conservation capacity of In vitro walnut plants. Scientia Horticulturae. 224, 1-7.

Vahdati K, Asayesh ZM, Aliniaeifard S, Leslie C (2017) Improvement of ex vitro desiccation through elevation of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere of culture vessels during In vitro growth. HortScience. 52(7), 1006-1012.

Vahdati K, Sadeghi-Majd R, Sestras AF, Licea-Moreno RJ, Peixe A, Sestras RE (2022) Clonal Propagation of Walnuts (Juglans spp.): A Review on Evolution from Traditional Techniques to Application of Biotechnology. Plants. 11(22), 3040.

Yegizbayeva TK, García-García S, Yausheva TV, Kairova M, Apushev AK, Oleichenko SN, Licea-Moreno RJ (2021) Unraveling factors affecting micropropagation of four Persian walnut varieties. Agronomy. 11(7), 1417.