نقش شبکهسازی در حل مسائل راهبردی خوشههای کسبوکار طلا و توسعه اقتصاد منطقهای
الموضوعات : پژوهش های مدیریت راهبردی
محسن نظری
1
(دانشیار، اقتصاد، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران)
سید مجتبی موسوی نقابی
2
(دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: توسعه اقتصادی, زنجیره ارزش, شبکه سازی, خوشه کسب وکار طلا,
ملخص المقالة :
مسائل راهبردی خوشههای کسبوکار منتج از عملکرد ضعیف اکثر بنگاه های عضو خوشه در برخی از حلقه های زنجیره ارزش است، که منجر به کاهش ارزشافزوده خوشه میگردد. با عنایت به اینکه مسائل راهبردی خوشه مشکل مشترک بسیاری از بنگاههای فعال در خوشه است، بنابراین سرمایهگذاری هدفمند در جهت حل آنها باعث میشود ارزشافزوده جمعی بنگاهها افزایش یافته که در نتیجه آن زمینه توسعه پایدار اقتصاد منطقهای فراهم میآید. در پژوهش حاضر از الگوی محکزنی مبتنی بر تحلیل زنجیره ارزش رشته صنعت، جهت شناسایی شکافهای عملکردی و مسائل راهبردی خوشه استفاده شده است. بر این اساس، در گام اول، با استفاده از روش تحقیق مطالعه موردی، زنجیره ارزش خوشه طلا مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. در گامدوم، به منظور شناسایی شکافهای عملکردی خوشه، با استفاده از روش مطالعه تطبیقی، زنجیره ارزش خوشه با زنجیره ارزش رقبا مقایسه گردید. در گام سوم با انجام مصاحبه با خبرگان صنعت و تحلیل عوامل کلیدی موفقیت، دلایل بروز مسائل راهبردی خوشه و راهکارهای حل آنها مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش، مسائل راهبردی خوشه طلا عبارتند از: مهارت پایین نیروی کار، ضعف در فناوری تولید، ضعف در بازارشناسی، ضعف در طراحی زیورآلات، ضعف در برندینگ و بازارهای محدود محلی. حل این معضلاتبه دلیل محدودیتهای مالی، بازاریابی و منابع انسانی بنگاههای عضو خوشه طلا مستلزم شبکهسازی و اقدام جمعی است. همچنین از طریق فعالیتهای شبکهسازی ذینفعان خوشه توانمند می شوند که در نتیجه، اعضای خوشه بدون نیاز به حمایت بیرونی و با اتکا بر توانمندی جمعی خود میتوانند مسائل خوشه را حل نموده و زمینه توسعه درونزا منطقه را فراهم آورند.
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