تغییرات مکانی شاخصه های حاصلخیزی خاک در بوته‌زارهای خالص فلات مرکزی ایران
نفیسه روح الهی 1 , سید اکبر جوادی 2 , محمد جعفری 3 , محمدعلی زارع چاهوکی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری علوم مرتع، گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - گروه مرتعداری- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران.
3 - دانشگاه تهران
4 - دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
الکلمات المفتاحية: گرادیان محیطی, مدیریت سرزمین, تاج پوشش, عناصر غذایی, عوامل محیطی,
ملخص المقالة :
بوته‌زارها با کارکردهای اکولوژیکی متنوع، سطح وسیعی از زمین‌های خشک و نیمه‌خشک را پوشانده‌اند. ارزیابی تغییرات خصوصیات خاک در بوته‌زارها می‌تواند در شناخت وضعیت تغذیه‌ای و روابط اکولوژیکی این بیوم¬ها به منظور اهداف مدیریتی سرزمین مؤثر واقع گردد. در این تحقیق تغییرات مکانی خصوصیات حاصلخیزی خاک بر اساس ساختار لکه و فضاهای باز بین لکه‌ای در بوته‌زارهای خالص شامل تیپ Artemisia sieberi، Scariola orientalis و Astragalus myriacanthus واقع در اراضی خشک فلات مرکزی ایران موردمطالعه قرار گرفت. ارزیابی خصوصیات حاصلخیزی خاک و کیفیت خاک با انتخاب فضای باز مرجع بین لکه¬ها و ثبت خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی لکه برای مطالعه ارتباطات اکولوژیکی آنها موردبررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج خصوصیات ماده الی، ازت، فسفر و شاخص کیفیت خاک (SQI)، در بین تیپ بوته‌زارها، و هم در فضای بین لکه¬ای در هر تیپ تغییرات معنی‌دار را نشان داد (P<0.01). بالاترین مقدار شاخص کیفیت خاک مربوط به زیر تاج پوشش در تیپ A. myriacanthus و برابر با 87/0 بود و کمترین مقدار نیز مربوط به نقطه مرکزی فضای خالی در تیپ A. sieberi و معادل 22/0 بود. خصوصیات عملکردی بوته‌ها مانند زیست‌توده، ارتفاع و تاج پوشش با توزیع فضایی عناصر و فاکتورهای حاصلخیزی خاک در فضای بدون پوشش بیشترین ارتباط را نشان داد (P<0.05).
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