یک مطالعه مروری کوتاه از کاربرد و راهبردهای کنترل ریزشبکه¬های جریان متناوب در سیستم قدرت
الموضوعات :غضنفر شاهقلیان 1 , مجید معظمی 2 , مجید دهقانی 3
1 - دانشکده مهندسی برق، واحد نجفآباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجفآباد، ایران
2 - دانشکده مهندسی برق، واحد نجفآباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجفآباد، ایران
3 - دانشکده مهندسی برق، واحد نجفآباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجفآباد، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: انرژی تجدیدپذیر, راهبردهای کنترلی, ریزشبکه, کنترل سلسله مراتبی, منابع تولید پراکنده,
ملخص المقالة :
ریزشبکههای جریان متناوب (AC) جایگاه مرکزی در تحقیقات را از زمان تکامل مفهوم ریزشبکه به خود اختصاص دادهاند. در این مقاله مروری کوتاه از راهبردهای کنترلی و علمیاتی برای ریزشبکههای AC ارائه شده است. ریزشبکه¬های AC از منابع انرژی تولید پراکنده و بارهای مختلف تشکیل شده که با استفاده از باس AC به هم و از طریق مبدل الکترونیکی قدرت به یک ماشین سنکرون متصل می¬شوند. ساختار مختلط ریزشبکه جریان متناوب باعث کاهش اینرسی می¬شود که انحراف فرکانس و نرخ تغییر فرکانس را افزایش می¬دهد و باعث حساس¬تر شدن پایداری کلی سیستم قدرت نسبت به اختلال¬ها می¬گردد. برای تولید ثابت همه واحدهای تولیدی نیاز به یک روش کنترل مناسب است. اعمال کنترل سلسله مراتبی مناسب باعث انعطاف¬پذیری سیستم می¬شود به طوری که ادغام واحدهای توان توزیع شده بیشتری در سیستم امکان¬پذیر است. راهبرد کنترل سلسله مراتبی در هر سه نوع ریزشبکه کاربرد فراوانی دارد. کنترل متمرکز، کنترل غیرمتمرکز و کنترل توزیع سه راهبرد کنترل اساسی بر اساس روش ارتباطی هستند. اشکال اصلی در طرح¬های کنترلی که مبتنی بر کانال¬های ارتباطی هستند، قابلیت اطمینان ضعیف در صورت خرابی پیوندهای ارتباطی است. همچنین دو حالت کار ریزشبکه متصل به شبکه و جزیره¬ای اشاره شده است. کنترل صحیح ریزشبکه در هر دو حالت عملیاتی با چالش¬ها متفاوتی مواجه است. این مطالعه برای تجزیه و تحلیل مقایسه¬ای و توسعه راهبردهای کنترلی در مورد ریزشبکه¬های ac برای تحقیقات آینده مفید خواهد بود.
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