الگوی جغرافیایی توزیع رفاه و شناسایی عوامل موثر بر آن در مناطق روستایی ایران
الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
1 - استادیار گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران
پژوهشگر پاره وقت پژوهشکده کردستان شناسی، دانشگاه
الکلمات المفتاحية: تعادل فضایی, برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای, سکونتگاه‌های روستایی, سطح رفاه,
ملخص المقالة :
برخورداری از سطح قابل قبولی از مولفه‌های مختلف توسعه، حق مسلم جامعه تلاشگر روستایی است. با این وجود بررسی‌ها نشان می‌دهد در خصوص برخورداری جامعه روستایی از مولفه‌های توسعه، کاستی‌های متعددی وجود دارد. یکی از مهم‌ترین مولفه‌های توسعه، برخورداری جامعه روستایی از متغیرهای رفاهی است. هدف پژوهش کمی و کاربردی حاضر بررسی و تحلیل فضایی چگونگی برخورداری مناطق روستایی ایران به لحاظ متغیرهای رفاهی است. داده‌های کمی مورد نیاز از مرکز آمار ایران در سال 1400 گردآوری شده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش ترکیبی (ترکیب یافته‌های حاصل از مدل‌های تصمیم‌گیری، تکنیک تحلیل خوشه‌ای و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی) استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد سه استان البرز، هرمزگان و بوشهر به‌ترتیب با ضریب اولویت 492/0، 48134/0 و 4813/0، برخوردارترین و سه استان سیستان و بلوچستان، لرستان و خراسان شمالی به ترتیب با ضریب اولویت 052/0، 163/0 و 198/0، ضعیف‌ترین استان‌های کشور به لحاظ برخورداری از شاخص های رفاهی هستند. نتایج تحلیل خوشه‌ای حاکی از آن است که 11 استان کشور در سطح نسبتاً توسعه یافته، 10 استان در سطح توسعه متوسط، 9 استان در سطح محروم و استان سیستان و بلوچستان به تنهایی در سطح بسیار محروم، قرار گرفته است. نتایج تحلیل فضایی استان‌های ایران به لحاظ برخورداری از شاخص رفاه نمایان‌گر این است که اکثر استان‌های مرزی نسبت به استان های مرکزی ایران، در شرایط نامساعدی قرار دارند. نتایج مدل رگرسیونی چند متغیره برازش شده نشان داد متغیر درآمد، با ضریب تعیین 564/0 و ضریب بتای 751/0، کلیدی ترین عامل اثرگذار بر سطح رفاه در مناطق روستایی است.
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