بررسی اثربخشی الگوی آموزشی پرسش و پاسخ در درس مطالعات اجتماعی پایه پنجم بر درک مفاهیم و تفکر انتقادی دانش آموزان
الموضوعات :
سعید محمودی بردزردی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی درسی دانشگاه تبریز)
اسکندر فتحی آذر
2
(استاد علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تبریز)
فیروز محمودی
3
(دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تبریز)
رحیم بدری گرگری
4
(دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تبریز)
الکلمات المفتاحية: تفکر انتقادی, الگوی پرسش و پاسخ, درک مفاهیم مطالعات اجتماعی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی اثربخشی الگوی آموزشی پرسش و پاسخ در درس مطالعات اجتماعی پایه پنجم بر درک مفاهیم و تفکر انتقادی دانش آموزان بود. پژوهش حاضر یک پژوهش آمیخته بوده که از دو بخش تشکیل شده است. بخش اول طراحی الگوی آموزشی پرسش و پاسخ برای درس مطالعات اجتماعی بوده و بخش دوم، اعتباریابی الگو با اثربخشی بر درک مفاهیم و تفکر انتقادی است. در بخش کیفی از روش سنتزپژوهی (پژوهش تلفیقی) استفاده شد.در بخش کمی که هدف آن تأثیر الگوی طراحی شده بر درک مفاهیم علمی و تفکر انتقادی دانش‌آموزان پایه پنجم ابتدایی بود؛ با استفاد از یک طرح آزمایشی از بین دانش‌آموزان پایه پنجم شهرستان ایذه (50 نفر پسر) شامل 2 کلاس به عنوان نمونه آماری به صورت نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل، قرارگرفتند.درک مفاهیم علمی و تفکر انتقادی در هردو گروه و در دو مرحله پیش آزمون و پس آزمون با ابزار آزمون تفکر انتقادی کرنل برای سنجش تفکر انتقادی و آزمون سنجش درک مفاهیم علمی محقق ساخته برای درس مطالعات اجتماعی مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند.با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس داده‌های جمع‌آوری شده تجزیه و تحلیل شد. در بخش کیفی نتایج تحقیق منجر به طراحی الگویی شد که شامل هفت بُعد (مبانی، اصول، فنون و راهبردها، مراحل، انواع پرسش، اهداف و ارزشیابی) است، نتایج در بخش کمی تحقیق نشان داد که الگوی طراحی شده موجب افزایش تفکر انتقادی و درک مفاهیم در گروه آزمایش در درس مطالعات اجتماعی شده بود.
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