بررسی رابطه‌ی رهبری سطح پنج و رهبری توزیعی با تعالی سازمانی مدارس بواسطه توانمندسازی ساختاری و روان‌شناختی معلّمان
الموضوعات :حسین معجونی 1 , محمد رضا اردلان 2 , سیروس قنبری 3 , افشین افضلی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
3 - استاد گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی, رهبری سطح پنج, رهبری توزیعی, توانمندسازی ساختاری, تعالی سازمانی مدارس,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی رابطه‌ی رهبری سطح پنج و رهبری توزیعی با تعالی سازمانی مدارس بواسطه توانمندسازی ساختاری و روان-شناختی معلّمان بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی با تأکید بر معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیّه معلّمان مدارس ابتدایی استان فارس در سال تحصیلی 1400-1399 به تعداد 16264 نفر بودند، با توجّه به طبقات جامعه پژوهش مانند نوع منطقه(برخوردار، نیمه‌برخوردار و محروم)، تعداد شهرستان/ناحیه(39) و جنسیّت(مرد و زن) به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای نسبتی و بر مبنای فرمول کوکران نمونه‌ای به حجم 375 نفر انتخاب شد. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها بر اساس پنج پرسشنامه رهبری سطح پنج چم آسمانی، رهبری توزیعی المور، توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی اسپریتزر، توانمندسازی ساختاری کردنائیج، بخشی‌زاده و فتح‌الهی و تعالی سازمانی عمارلو صورت گرفت که ضریب آلفای کرانباخ آن‌ها به ترتیب: 96/0، 92/0، 94/0، 93/0 و 91/0 به دست آمد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با به‌کارگیری دو نرم‌افزار SPSS و LISREL صورت پذیرفت. نتایج نشان داد که: رهبری سطح پنج رابطه مستقیم، مثبت و معنادار با توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی و تعالی سازمانی مدارس دارد؛ رهبری سطح پنج بواسطه توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی رابطه غیرمستقیم، مثبت و معنادار با تعالی سازمانی مدارس دارد؛ رهبری توزیعی رابطه مستقیم، مثبت و معنادار با توانمندسازی ساختاری و تعالی سازمانی مدارس دارد؛ رهبری توزیعی بواسطه توانمندسازی ساختاری رابطه غیرمستقیم، مثبت و معنادار با تعالی سازمانی مدارس دارد. در واقع رهبران سطح پنج و رهبران توزیعی به همراه نقش میانجی توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی و توانمندسازی ساختاری معلّمان دارای نقش مؤثّری در سرآمدی و تعالی سازمانی مدارس می‌باشند. بنابراین چنانچه مدیران و رهبران مدارس از راهکارهای رهبری سطح پنج و رهبری توزیعی استفاده نموده و در این فرایند از راهبردهایی مانند توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی و ساختاری بهره گیرند، می‌توانند شرایط مساعدی جهت همکاری و مشارکت هر چه بیشتر معلّمان جهت رشد و ارتقاء سطح مدرسه در تمامی ابعاد و تعالی سازمانی مدرسه فراهم کنند.
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