کاربست اصول طراحی مسیرهای سبز اسفنجی در مدیریت منابع آب در شهرهای کویری (موردپژوهی: مادیهای شهری اصفهان)
الموضوعات :
1 - 1. استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: شهر اسفنجی, مسیر سبز اسفنجی, راهکارهای طراحی شهری, مادیهای اصفهان,
ملخص المقالة :
این مقاله به بررسی اصول «شهر اسفنجی» و پیشنهاد آن به عنوان یک راه‌حل پایدار برای بازیابی منابع آبی و کاربست اصول آن در احیای نقش یکی از منابع نادر در شهرهای ایران؛ مادیهای شهر اصفهان؛ پرداخته است. شهرهای کویری در ایران اعم از اصفهان با چالش‌های جدی مانند کمبود آب، آلودگی، تغییرات اقلیمی (اعم از جزایر حرارتی و وارونگی هوا) و خشکسالی مواجه هستند که حیات جمعی و زیست انسانی را در این شهرها با مشکل روبرو ساخته و لزوم اتخاذ رویکردی برای کاهش اثرات این معضلات و احیای عناصر طبیعی موجود را ضروری کرده است. سیستم تقسیم آب مادیها در شهر اصفهان علاوه بر تقسیم آب رودخانۀ زایندهرود دارای عملکرد هدایت، زهکشی و ذخیرۀ آب برای حفاظت از آبهای زیرزمینی بوده است. ایدۀ جدید طراحی شهرهای اسفنجی با رویکرد جذب و نگهداشت آب باران از یکسو و طراحی مسیرهای سبز شهری به عنوان ایدهای برای طراحی مسیرهای طبیعی در شهرها از سویی دیگر میتواند به بهبود نقش این عناصر طبیعی خطی کمک کند. در این پژوهش، از روش تحلیلی- توصیفی و مرور ادبیات موجود در زمینه شهرهای اسفنجی و استخراج اصول آن و بررسی ویژگیهای مسیرهای سبز و استخراج اصول آن از سویی دیگر و تطابق اصول این دو رویکرد برای کاربست در احیا و بازآفرینی مادی های شهر اصفهان استفاده شده است. نتایج این مقاله حاکی از آن است که ایدۀ مسیرهای سبز اسفنجی یکی از ایدههای نوین در احیای سیستمهای باستانی مادیها است که از طریق پیادهسازی و راهکارهای طراحی میتواند به ارتقاء نقش محیط زیستی، پویایی اجتماعی، کارایی اقتصادی و سلامت و بهداشت بیانجامد. این راهکارها در 7 گروه طراحی پوستهها، فرم و شکلگیری فضایی، مصالح و رنگ، مدیریت منابع طبیعی، پوشش گیاهی، عملکرد و مدیریت و نگهداری به تحقق این ایده کمک میکنند.
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