تاثیر کانال های بانکداری الکترونیکی و شاخص های کارایی برسودآوری بانک مطالعه موردی بانک ملی ایران
الیاس عسگری
1
(
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب
)
بیژن صفوی
2
(
استادیار دانشگاه آزاد، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشکده اقتصاد و حسابداری
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: بانکداری چندگانه, شاخص های مالی, شاخص های کارایی, سودآوری,
ملخص المقالة :
این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر شاخص‌های کارایی عملیاتی و کانال‌های بانکداری الکترونیکی بر سودآوری بانک ملی ایران پرداخته است. امروزه بانکها با چالش هایی نظیر تغییر انتظارات مشتریان، تحولات فناوری، الزامات قوانین و مقررات و بحران در اقتصاد مواجه‌اند و این مسئله منجر به تغییروتحول در نظام بانکی شده است؛ بنابراین بانکها بهتر است از توسعه شرکتها یا استارتاپهای حوزه فناوری مالی به نفع خود بهره ببرند پیشرفت های اخیر در فناوری اطلاعات منجر به توسعه سریع خدمات مالی جدیدو نو آورانه شده است. در این راستا، شاخص‌های بازده دارایی‌ها (ROA) و بازده حقوق صاحبان سهام (ROE) به‌عنوان متغیرهای وابسته و متغیرهای عملیاتی شامل حاشیه عملیاتی خالص (MNO)، حاشیه سود خالص (MNI)، حاشیه سود بدون بهره (MNNI)، گردش دارایی‌ها (RA)، و ضریب اهرم مالی (MC) و متغیرهای بانکداری الکترونیکی شامل تعداد خودپردازها (ATM)، تعداد پایانه‌های فروش (POS)، تعداد حساب‌های موبایلی (NBM)، و تعداد تراکنش‌های شعب (NMC) به‌عنوان متغیرهای مستقل در مدل لحاظ شده‌اند. داده‌های تحقیق از اطلاعات مالی و عملیاتی بانک ملی ایران جمع‌آوری شده و با استفاده از مدل داده‌های پانلی تحلیل گردیده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که متغیرهای عملیاتی تأثیر مثبت اما محدودی بر ROA و ROE دارند، در حالی که کانال‌های بانکداری الکترونیکی تأثیر معناداری بر این شاخص‌ها ندارند. شاخص‌های کلی مدل، از جمله مقدار ضریب تعیین (R²) پایین، حاکی از آن است که مدل به‌تنهایی توانایی کافی برای توضیح تغییرات سودآوری ندارد و نیاز به افزودن متغیرهای تکمیلی و بررسی عمیق‌تر احساس می‌شود.
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