مبانی اجرای قاعده ممنوعیت مجازات مضاعف
الموضوعات :اصغر شیرمحمدی 1 , محمدعلی حاجی ده‌آبادی 2 , ابو الفتح خالقی 3 , سید محمود میرخلیلی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه حقوق جزا و جرم‌شناسی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه حقوق جزا و جرم‌شناسی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران
3 - دانشگاه قم
4 - حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی،دانشکده علوم انسانی،دانشگاه تهران پردیس فارابی،قم،ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: منع محاکمه مجدد, مجازات مضاعف, ممنوعیت مجازات مضاعف, مجازات های شرعی. ,
ملخص المقالة :
امروزه قاعده منع مجازات مضاعف به عنوان یکی از اصول و ارکان دادرسی منصفانه، نه تنها در اسناد بین‌المللی مورد توجه قرار گرفته، بلکه در قوانین داخلی کشورها نیز تجلی یافته و از معیارهاي حقوق بشري متهم است، که به عنوان یک اصل فرا قانونی دولت ها را از تعقیب، محاکمه و مجازات مکرر «همان اشخاص» از ارتکاب «همان جرم» و «همان سبب» باز می دارد. مفهوم این قاعده آن است که هیچ فردی را نمی توان به دلیل اتهامی که سابقا به شیوه های قانونی مورد تعقیب و رسیدگی قرار گرفته و منجر به صدور حکم قطعی اعم از محکومیت و برائت شده، برای بار دوم مورد تعقیب، محاکمه و مجازات قرار داد. قاعدة منع مجازات مضاعف در حقوق كيفري ايران، همواره با فراز و نشيب هايي مواجه بوده است و در قبل و بعد از انقلاب، رويكرد يكساني نسبت به اين قاعده ديده نمي شود. در نظام جزایی ایران و در قانون مجازات اسلامی ١٣٩٢، به طور محدود و صرفاً در کیفرهاي تعزیري غیر منصوص، قاعده منع محاکمه و مجازات مضاعف به رسمیت شناخته شده است. در فقه اسلامی مقتضیات التزام به حکم خارجی در پرتو اصولی و قواعدی چون حرمت ایذاء مومن، حرمت تنفیر از دین، کرامت انسانی، ممنوعیت ظلم، رحمت بودن حکومت اسلامی، بناء عقلاء و مصلحت می باشد.
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