استفاده از روش IPSS در توصیه کمی کود نیتروژن جهت کاهش آلودگی محیط زیست
الموضوعات :
عبدالکریم اجرایی
1
,
رخشان حکیم الهی
2
1 - باغبانی، کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد جهرم، جهرم، ایران
2 - گروه شیمی دانشگاه آزاد جهرم
الکلمات المفتاحية: توصیه کودی, آلودگی محیط زیست, همبستگی نیتروژن خاک و اندامهای گیاهی, مدل رگرسیون.,
ملخص المقالة :
مقدمه: کودهای شیمیایی یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل آلوده‌کننده محیط زیست بوده که می‌توانند باعث آلودگی هوا، خاک، آب‌های سطحی و زیرزمینی شده و آسیب‌های جبران ناپذیری به محیط زیست وارد کنند. در بین کودهای شیمیایی، کودهای نیتروژنه بیشترین میزان مصرف را دارند و می‌توانند تحت تأثیر فرآیند اکسیداسیون و احیا قرار گیرند و بیشترین تأثیر را بر محیط زیست بگذارند. تاکنون روش‌های زیادی برای توصیه کودهای شیمیایی ارائه شده است، اما همه این روش‌ها کیفی هستند و نمی‌توان مقدار کود مورد نیاز گیاه را محاسبه کرد. سیستم یکپارچه گیاه و خاک (IPSS) برای اولین بار در سال 2019 ارائه شد. در این روش مقدار عناصر مورد نیاز گیاهان به صورت کمی محاسبه می‌شود. مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق 39 باغ مرکبات در جهرم انتخاب و بر اساس میزان تولید به دو گروه پرتولید، و تولید متوسط تا کم دسته‌بندی شدند. در هر باغ سه درخت انتخاب و به مدت دو سال متوالی و هر سال دو بار از اندامهای گیاهان و خاک اطراف ریشه نمونه‌برداری و غلظت نیتروژن آنها اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج و بحث: بین میزان نیتروژن عصاره اشباع خاک و نیتروژن اندامهای گیاهی همبستگی معنی داری وجود داشت و بیشترین همبستگی بین نیتروژن برگ‌های جوان و نیتروژن عصاره اشباع خاک مشاهده شد. همچنین بین نیتروژن اندامهای گیاهی همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود داشت و بیشترین همبستگی بین نیتروژن برگ‌های جوان و سایر اندامهای گیاهی مشاهده شد. معادلات بین نیتروژن اندامهای گیاهان و نیتروژن عصاره اشباع خاک تعیین شد. با ساده‌سازی آن معادلات دو معادله با دو متغیر به دست آمد که با توجه به آنها می‌توان مقدار کود مورد نیاز را به صورت کمی محاسبه کرد. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این تحقیق دو معادله رگرسیون دو متغیره است که بر اساس آن می‌توان مقدار کود مورد نیاز گیاهان را به صورت کمی و دقیق محاسبه کرد و محیط زیست را از خطر آلودگی کودهای شیمیایی محافظت کرد. این روش برای تمامی عناصر و گیاهان در سیستم‌های کشت هیدروپونیک و خاکی قابل استفاده است.
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