بررسی اثرات تراکم کاشت و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد پروتئین گندم دوروم رقم آریا
الموضوعات :
مجتبي احمدی همزیان
1
(دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد خوی، دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، خوی، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: تراکم, درصد پروتئین, عملکرد, گندم دوروم, نیتروژن.,
ملخص المقالة :
به منظور بررسی اثرات تراکم کاشت و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد پروتئین گندم دوروم رقم آریا آزمایشی در سال زراعی 87-1386 در مزرعه ای در جنوب غربی شهرستان خوی انجام گرفت. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل 5×3 در3 تکرار انجام گرفت که در آن تراکم به عنوان فاکتور اول در 3 سطح (300، 400 و500 بذر در متر مربع) و کود نیتروژن به عنوان فاکتور دوم در 5 سطح (0، 50، 100، 150 و 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار) انتخاب شدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده ها نشان داد که تراکم کاشت به¬جز تعداد برگ و شاخص برداشت بر سایر صفات آزمایش تأثیر معنی داری داشت. مقایسه میانگین انجام شده بر اساس آزمون دانکن نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه با 2/659 گرم در مترمربع در تراکم 500 بوته در مترمربع به دست آمد. سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن نیز به جز صفات تعداد برگ و شاخص برداشت تأثیر معنی داری بر روی سایر صفات مورد مطالعه داشت. بیشترین عملکرد دانه با 8/711 مترمربع در تیمار 200 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژنه در هکتار بدست. اثرات متقابل تراکم × نیتروژن نیز فقط بر صفت درصد پروتئین دانه تأثیر معنی داری داشت. بیشترین درصد پروتئین (36/15 درصد) در تیمار 200 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن دار در تراکم 300 بوته در متر مربع به دست آمد. بیشترین همبستگی عملکرد دانه با عملکرد بیولوژیک با ضریب همبستگی947 R2≤مشاهده شد و در بین اجزای عملکرد دانه نیز تعداد سنبله در متر مربع با 947 R2≤بالاترین همبستگی مثبت را با عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح داشت. با توجه به نتایج این آزمایش گندم دوروم آریا با تراکم 500 بوته در متر مربع و 200 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن خالص بیشترین توان تولیدی را در منطقه نشان داد.
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