The Effect of Microwave on Migration of Styrene Monomer Polystyrene Food Packaging and Compared to other Thermal Processes
الموضوعات :
M. Seyedalizadeh
1
(M. Sc. Graduated of the Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.)
F. Abdolmaleki
2
(Assistant Professor of the Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: migration, Polystyrene, Simultant, Styrene Monomer,
ملخص المقالة :
The migration of packaging material constituents into food is a product of the interaction between the food and packaging material. This phenomenon is of importance because some migrating substances may be toxicologically carcinogenic and endanger the consumer safety. Polystyrenes are used in many food-contact applications for the packaging of aqueous-based, fatty and dry foods. The correlation of residual styrene concentrations in polystyrene with styrene migration into food-simulating solvents is of interest in order to predict the potential exposure of consumers to styrene from food-packaging applications. GC-Mass chromatography was used to determine the migration of styrene monomer into food simulant. Differential simulants (water, 10% ethanol, 3% acetic acid and olive oil) were used to evaluate the effect of heat treatments on styrene migration. It was observed that the migration of styrene is significantly higher in microwave and traditional thermal process than vacuum heating. In additions among different simulants, ethanol had significant higher migration than other simulants. Migration of styrene was increased after 30 minutes heating in all treatments. In addition, the amount of polystyrene migration into the simulants was below the standard limit set by the European Commission for secure PS food packaging.
Baner, A., Bieber, W., Figge, K., Franz, R. & Piringer, O. (1992). Alternative fatty food simulants for migration testing of polymeric food contact materials. Food Additives & Contaminants, 9(2), 137-148.
Banner, A. L. (2000). 14 Case study: styrene monomer migration into dairy products in single serve portion packs. Plastic packaging materials for food: barrier function, mass transport, quality assurance, and legislation, 427.
Bastarrachea, L., Dhawan, S., Sablani, S. S. & Powers, J. (2010). Release kinetics of nisin from biodegradable poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) films into water. Journal of Food Engineering, 100, 93–101.
Begley, T., Biles, J., Cunningham, C. & Piringer, O. (2004). Migration of a UV stabilizer from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into food simulants. Food Additives and Contaminants, 21(10), 1007-1014.
Beldi, G., Pastorelli, S., Franchini, F. & Simoneau, C. (2012). Time andtemperature-dependent migration studies of Irganox 1076 from plastics intofoods and food simulants. Food Additive & Contaminants, 29(5), 836–845.
Brandsch, J., Mercea, P. & Piringer, O. (2000). Possibilities and limitations of migration modeling. In: Piringer, OG., Baner, AL., editors. Plastic packaging materials for food. Weinheim, New York: Wiley-VCH.
Choi, J. O., Jitsunari, F., Asakawa, F. & Sun Lee, D. (2005). Migration of styrene monomer, dimers and trimers from polystyrene to food simulants. Food Additives and Contaminants, 22(7), 693-699.
DIN EN1186-3. (2002). Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs- Plastics- part3: Test methods for overall migration into aqueous food simulants by total immersion.
Miltz, J. & Rosen-doody, V. (2005). Migration of styrene monomer from polystyrene packaging materials into food simulants. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 8 (3‐4), 151-161.
Murphy, P., MacDonald, D. & Lickly, T. (2002). Styrene migration from general-purpose and high-impact polystyrene into food-simulating solvents. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 30 (3), 225-232.
Organization INS. Plastics. (2013). Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs - part3: Test methods for overall migration into aqueous food simulants by total immersion,13737-3, 20.
Snyder, R. C. & Breder, C. (1984). New FDA migration cell used to study migration of styrene from polystyrene into various solvents. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 68 (4), 770-775.
Pennarun, P., Dole, P., &Feigenbaum, A. (2004). Functional barriers in PET recycled bottles. Part I. Determination of diffusion coefficients in bioriented PET with and without contact with food simulants.Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 92(5), 2845-2858.
Piringer, O. (1994). Evaluation of plastics for food package. Food Additives & Contaminants, 11 (2), 221-230.
Piringer, O. G. & Baner, A. L. (2008). Plastic packaging: interactions with food and pharmaceuticals: John Wiley & Sons.
Tawfik, M. & Huyghebaert, A. (1998). Polystyrene cups and containers: styrene migration. Food Additives & Contaminants, 15(5), 592-599.
Veraart, R. & Coulier, L. (2007). Compliance testing of chemical migration from food contact materials. In: Barnes KA, Sinclair CR, Watson DH, editors. Chemical migration and food contact materials. Cambridge, U.K.: Woodhead. 87–121.
