بررسی مناسبترین تیمارهای مدت زمان استفاده از اولتراسونیک، دما و نسبت آب به محتویات شکمبه دام در تولید بیوگاز (مطالعه موردی: کشتارگاه شهر خرمآباد)
الموضوعات :
علی کوشکی
1
,
مرتضی الماسی
2
,
محمد قهدریجانی
3
,
حمیدرضا شاملویی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی سیستم های کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران
2 - استاد گروه مهندسی سیستم های کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه مهندسی سیستم های کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه شیمی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.
تاريخ الإرسال : 24 الأربعاء , ذو القعدة, 1441
تاريخ التأكيد : 20 الإثنين , جمادى الأولى, 1442
تاريخ الإصدار : 19 الأحد , رجب, 1443
الکلمات المفتاحية:
بیوگاز,
هضم بیهوازی,
ضایعات کشتارگاهی,
پیشفرآوری,
اولتراسونیک,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: تصفیه بی هوازی برخی از ضایعات جامد کشتارگاهی مانند محتویات شکمبه، به دلیل پتانسیل تولید انرژی و تاثیر مثبت آن در کاهش آلودگی های زیست محیطی، یکی از گزینه های مناسب فرآوری و دفع ضایعات به شمار می آید. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، تعیین مناسب ترین تیمار دما، زمان و نسبت آب به محتویات شکمبه دام بر روی میزان تولید بیوگاز کل است.روش بررسی: این پژوهش سال 1399و در کشتارگاه صنعتی خرم آباد انجام شد. پس از ذبح دام محتویات شکمبه پنج گاو و پنج گوسفند به منظور همگن سازی و یکنواخت شدن با هم مخلوط شدند و در آزمایش های مجزا به بررسی تاثیر شدت دماهای مختلف (30، 40 و 50 درجه سانتی گراد)، زمان های مختلف امواج دهی دستگاه اولتراسونیک (10، 20 و 30 دقیقه) و نسبت های مختلف مخلوط محتویات شکمبه و آب(50میلی لیتر آب به 100 گرم محتویات شکمبه، 100 میلی لیتر آب به 100 گرم محتویات شکمبه و 200 میلی لیتر آب به 100 گرم محتویات شکمبه) برروند تولید بیوگاز پرداخته شد.یافته ها: به طور کلی بیشترین مقدار بیوگاز کل، مربوط به اثر مقابل سه گانه استفاده 30 دقیقه ای از پیش فرآوری اولتراسونیک (t3) × دمای C50° (te3) × نسبت ترکیب محتویات شکمبه(r3) با میزان تولیدml 333/350 که بهترین نتیجه محسوب می شود.بحث و نتیجه گیری: این نتایج نشان می دهد استفاده از پیش فرآوری اولتراسونیک در مدت زمان بیشتر، در دمای بالاتر و در غلظت کمتر تاثیر بیشتری در عملکرد فرآیند هضم بی هوازی و تولید بیوگاز کل از محتویات شکمبه دارد.
المصادر:
Popzan, A., Moradi, K. h., Doroghi, B., 2012. Design and implementation of native plants Biogas: Achievements applications in the use of biogas in rural areas of countrys. Fourth national conference on bio-energy, Tehran, 20-26. Tehran.
Sabetghadam, M., 2005. Energy abd sustainable development in Iran. Sustainable Energy Watch.
Asl Hashemi, A., Religion, A., 2010. Application of Mathematical Formulas in Biogas Production. Application of Chemistry in the Environment, 2 (5): 39-50. (In Persian)
Igliński, B., Buczkowski, R., Iglińska, A., Cichosz, M., Piechota, G., Kujawski, W., 2012. Agricultural biogas plants in Poland: Investment process, economical and environmental aspects, biogas potential, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 16, Issue 7, Pages 4890–4900.
Omrani, Gh., Safa, M., Gulpaigani. F., 2006. Evaluation of efficacy payrvby kind of mechanical agitator for biogas devices to Chinese model. Journal of Ecology. 32(20):20-26.
Onurbas A., A and Turker, U. 2012. Status and potential of biogas energy from animal wastes in Turkey, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 1557–1561.
Khanal, S. K., 2008, Anaerobic Biotechnology for Bioenergy Production, published by John Wiley & Sons.
Chandra, R., Takeuchi, H., Hasegawa, T. (2012), ‘Methane production from lignocellulosic agricultural crop wastes: A review in context to second generation of biofuel production’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 16(3), 1462–1476.
Le, N. T., Julcour-Lebigue, C., Delmas, H., 2015. An executive review of sludge pretreatment by Sonication. Journal of Environmental Sciences, Elsevier, 2015, 37, pp.139-153. 10.1016/j.jes.2015.05.031. hal01878564.
Pham, A. T., 2011. Sewage sludge electro-dewatering. PhD Thesis. Mikkeli University Consortium, Mikkeli, Finland (Available at: http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/72598/ isbn%209789522651693 pdf? sequence=2. Dateassessed29t.2013).
Rynkiewicz, M. 2011. Application of constant electric fielding Simultaneous intensification of dewatering of wastewater Sludge and filtrate purification. Environ. Prot. Eng. 37(3),93–100.
Carrère, H., Dumas, C., Battimelli, A., Batstone, D. J., Delgenès, J. P., Steyer, J. P., et al., 2010. Pretreatment methods to improve sludge anaerobic degradability: a review. J. Hazard.Mater.183 (1–3),1–15.
Salerno, M. B., Lee, H. S., Parameswaran, P., Rittmann, B. E., 2009. Using a pulsed electric field as a pretreatment for improved bio solids digestion and methanogens. Water Environ. Res. 81 (8),831–839.
Pilli, S., Bhunia, P., Yan, S., LeBlanc, R. J., Tyagi, R. D., Surampalli, R. Y., 2011. Ultrasonic pretreatment of sludge: a review. Ultrason. Sonochem.18 (1), 1–18.
Khanal, S. K., Grewell, D., Sung, S., Van Leeuwen, J., 2007. Ultrasound applications in waste water sludge pretreatment: a review. Crit.Rev.Environ.Sci.Technol.37 (4), 277–313.
Barber, W.P., 2005. The effects of ultrasound on sludge digestion. Water Environ. J.19(1),2–7.
Onyeche, T.I., Schläfer, O., Bormann, H., Schröder, C., Sievers, M., 2002. Ultrasonic cell disruption of stabilized sludge with subsequent anaerobic digestion. Ultrasonics40 (1–8), 31–35.
Tiehm, A., Nickel, K., Neis, U., 1997. The use of ultrasound to accelerate the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. Water Sci. Technol. 36(11),121–128.
McLeod JD, Othman MZ, Beale DJ, Joshi D (2015) The use of laboratory scale reactors to predict sensitivity to changes in operating conditions for full-scale anaerobic digestion treating municipal sewage sludge. Bioresource Technology 189:384–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.049
Ahmadi-Pirlou M., Ebrahimi-Nik M., Khojastehpour, M., Ebrahimi, S., 2007. Effect of Alkaline Pretreatment on Improvement of Biodegradability of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes and Biogas Production in Anaerobic Digestion. ijhe. 9 (4) :481-492. (In Persian)
Abbaspour, M., 2007. Environmental Energy and Sustainable Development. First Edition. Scientific Publications Institute of Amir Kabir University of Technology. Tehran. Pp. 696-693. (In Persian)
Askariani, M., Tahmasebi, H.A and Khosrowyar, S., 2012. Investigation of hydrogen sulfide removal from biogas using biological processes, the third Iranian bioenergy conference (biomass and biogas). Iran, Tehran, Proceedings. (In Persian)
Iranshahi, Z., Rasapour, M., Adl, M and Pazuki, m. 2016. Evaluation of the effects of ultrasonic precursor application on urban waste hydrolysis rate in order to increase the yield of biogas produced, 3rd Conference of Iranian Scientific Energy Association, Iranian Scientific Association, Tehran. (In Persian)
Tiehm A, Nickel K, Zellhorn M, Neis U. 2001. Ultrasonic waste activated sludge degradation for improving anaerobic stabilization. Water Resources. 35(8): 2003-2009.
Zou, S., Wang, X., Chen,Y., Wan, H., Feng, Y., 2016. Enhancement of biogas production in anaerobic co-digestion by ultrasonic pretreatment. Energy Conversion and Management. 112, 15 March 2016, Pages 226-235
Marzban Shirkhakolai, Sh., Saeb, K and Ardestani, F. 2014. Providing appropriate instructions for biogas production (review study). Third Iranian Bioenergy Conference (Biomass and Biogas). (In Persian)
Najafpour, Q and Saseh, L. 1995. Installation of biogas units. Publications of Amir Kabir University of Technology (Tafresh Branch and Mazandaran University of Science and Technology). (In Persian)
Nazary Harris, Sh. 2014. Production of biogas from livestock waste in areas with cold climates. Master's thesis. University of Tabriz, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, 100 p. (In Persian)
Liao, X., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Liu, C., Chen, Q., 2016. Accelerated high-solids anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge using low-temperature thermal pretreatment. international Bio deterioration & Biodegradation 106 (2016) 141-149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.10.023
Appels, L., Degreve, J., Van der Bruggen, B., Van Impe, J., Dewil, R., 2010. Influence of low temperature thermal pre-treatment on sludge solubilisation, heavy metal release and anaerobic digestion. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 5743e5748.
Ferrer, I., Ponsab, S., Vazquezc, F., Fontb, X., 2008. Increasing biogas production by thermal (70°C) sludge pre-treatment prior to thermophilic anaerobic digestion. Biochem. Eng. J. 42, 186e192.
Adgad, O, N., Sponza, D. T., 2007. co-digestion of mixed industrial sludge with municipal solid wastes in anaerobic simulated landfilling bioreactors. J Hazard mater. 140:75-85.
Xie, s. G., wu. p. G., Lawlor. J. p, frost. x, Zhan. Methane production from anaerobic co-digestion of the separated solid fraction of pig manure with dried grass silage. Bioresource technology 2012; 104:289-297
Cesaro, A., Belgiorno, V., 2013. Sonolysis and ozonation as pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of solid organic waste. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 20(3):931-36.
Rongping, L., C. Shulin and L. Xiujiu. 2010. Biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion of food waste with dairy manure in a two-phase digestion system. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology.160:643-654.
Meybodikalantari, S., Danesh, Sh., Ebrahimi, S.H and Heydarian, A. 2013. Evaluation of the effect of total solid and lime content on biogas production from cow rum content. 4th National Conference on Bioenergy of Iran (Biomass and Biogas), Kimia Energy Thinkers, Tehran. (In Persian)
Gong, L., Yang, X., Wang, Z., Zhou, J., You, X., 2019. Impact of hydrothermal pre-treatment on the anaerobic digestion of different solid–liquid ratio sludge’s and kinetic analysis. Royal Society of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA01662G
Cesaro, A., Velten, S., Belgiorno, V., Kuchta, K., 2014. Enhanced anaerobic digestion by ultrasonic pretreatment of organic residues for energy production, Journal of Cleaner Production, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.03.030(In press).
Grönroos, A., Kyllönen, H., Korpijärvi, K., Pirkonen, P., Paavola, T., Jokela, J., et al., 2005. Ultrasound assisted method to increasesoluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of sewage sludge for digestion. Ultrason. Sonochem. 12 (1–2), 115–120.
Kidak, R., Wilhelm, A.M., Delmas, H., 2009.Effect of process parameters on the energy requirement in ultrasonical treatment of waste sludge. Chem. Eng. Press. 48 (8), 1346–1352.
Li, H., Jin, Y.Y., Mahar, R. B., Wang, Z.Y., Nie, Y.F., 2009. Effects of ultrasonic disintegration on sludge microbial activity and dewater ability. J. Hazard. Mater. 161 (2–3), 1421–1426.
Wu, N. Y., Mattsson, M., Ding, M. W., Wu, M. T., Mei, J., Shen, Y. L., 2019. Effects of Different Pretreatments on Improving Biogas Production of Macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus serratus in Baltic Sea. Energy Fuels 2019, 33, 3, 2278–2284. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04224.
_||_
Popzan, A., Moradi, K. h., Doroghi, B., 2012. Design and implementation of native plants Biogas: Achievements applications in the use of biogas in rural areas of countrys. Fourth national conference on bio-energy, Tehran, 20-26. Tehran.
Sabetghadam, M., 2005. Energy abd sustainable development in Iran. Sustainable Energy Watch.
Asl Hashemi, A., Religion, A., 2010. Application of Mathematical Formulas in Biogas Production. Application of Chemistry in the Environment, 2 (5): 39-50. (In Persian)
Igliński, B., Buczkowski, R., Iglińska, A., Cichosz, M., Piechota, G., Kujawski, W., 2012. Agricultural biogas plants in Poland: Investment process, economical and environmental aspects, biogas potential, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 16, Issue 7, Pages 4890–4900.
Omrani, Gh., Safa, M., Gulpaigani. F., 2006. Evaluation of efficacy payrvby kind of mechanical agitator for biogas devices to Chinese model. Journal of Ecology. 32(20):20-26.
Onurbas A., A and Turker, U. 2012. Status and potential of biogas energy from animal wastes in Turkey, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 1557–1561.
Khanal, S. K., 2008, Anaerobic Biotechnology for Bioenergy Production, published by John Wiley & Sons.
Chandra, R., Takeuchi, H., Hasegawa, T. (2012), ‘Methane production from lignocellulosic agricultural crop wastes: A review in context to second generation of biofuel production’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 16(3), 1462–1476.
Le, N. T., Julcour-Lebigue, C., Delmas, H., 2015. An executive review of sludge pretreatment by Sonication. Journal of Environmental Sciences, Elsevier, 2015, 37, pp.139-153. 10.1016/j.jes.2015.05.031. hal01878564.
Pham, A. T., 2011. Sewage sludge electro-dewatering. PhD Thesis. Mikkeli University Consortium, Mikkeli, Finland (Available at: http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/72598/ isbn%209789522651693 pdf? sequence=2. Dateassessed29t.2013).
Rynkiewicz, M. 2011. Application of constant electric fielding Simultaneous intensification of dewatering of wastewater Sludge and filtrate purification. Environ. Prot. Eng. 37(3),93–100.
Carrère, H., Dumas, C., Battimelli, A., Batstone, D. J., Delgenès, J. P., Steyer, J. P., et al., 2010. Pretreatment methods to improve sludge anaerobic degradability: a review. J. Hazard.Mater.183 (1–3),1–15.
Salerno, M. B., Lee, H. S., Parameswaran, P., Rittmann, B. E., 2009. Using a pulsed electric field as a pretreatment for improved bio solids digestion and methanogens. Water Environ. Res. 81 (8),831–839.
Pilli, S., Bhunia, P., Yan, S., LeBlanc, R. J., Tyagi, R. D., Surampalli, R. Y., 2011. Ultrasonic pretreatment of sludge: a review. Ultrason. Sonochem.18 (1), 1–18.
Khanal, S. K., Grewell, D., Sung, S., Van Leeuwen, J., 2007. Ultrasound applications in waste water sludge pretreatment: a review. Crit.Rev.Environ.Sci.Technol.37 (4), 277–313.
Barber, W.P., 2005. The effects of ultrasound on sludge digestion. Water Environ. J.19(1),2–7.
Onyeche, T.I., Schläfer, O., Bormann, H., Schröder, C., Sievers, M., 2002. Ultrasonic cell disruption of stabilized sludge with subsequent anaerobic digestion. Ultrasonics40 (1–8), 31–35.
Tiehm, A., Nickel, K., Neis, U., 1997. The use of ultrasound to accelerate the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. Water Sci. Technol. 36(11),121–128.
McLeod JD, Othman MZ, Beale DJ, Joshi D (2015) The use of laboratory scale reactors to predict sensitivity to changes in operating conditions for full-scale anaerobic digestion treating municipal sewage sludge. Bioresource Technology 189:384–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.049
Ahmadi-Pirlou M., Ebrahimi-Nik M., Khojastehpour, M., Ebrahimi, S., 2007. Effect of Alkaline Pretreatment on Improvement of Biodegradability of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes and Biogas Production in Anaerobic Digestion. ijhe. 9 (4) :481-492. (In Persian)
Abbaspour, M., 2007. Environmental Energy and Sustainable Development. First Edition. Scientific Publications Institute of Amir Kabir University of Technology. Tehran. Pp. 696-693. (In Persian)
Askariani, M., Tahmasebi, H.A and Khosrowyar, S., 2012. Investigation of hydrogen sulfide removal from biogas using biological processes, the third Iranian bioenergy conference (biomass and biogas). Iran, Tehran, Proceedings. (In Persian)
Iranshahi, Z., Rasapour, M., Adl, M and Pazuki, m. 2016. Evaluation of the effects of ultrasonic precursor application on urban waste hydrolysis rate in order to increase the yield of biogas produced, 3rd Conference of Iranian Scientific Energy Association, Iranian Scientific Association, Tehran. (In Persian)
Tiehm A, Nickel K, Zellhorn M, Neis U. 2001. Ultrasonic waste activated sludge degradation for improving anaerobic stabilization. Water Resources. 35(8): 2003-2009.
Zou, S., Wang, X., Chen,Y., Wan, H., Feng, Y., 2016. Enhancement of biogas production in anaerobic co-digestion by ultrasonic pretreatment. Energy Conversion and Management. 112, 15 March 2016, Pages 226-235
Marzban Shirkhakolai, Sh., Saeb, K and Ardestani, F. 2014. Providing appropriate instructions for biogas production (review study). Third Iranian Bioenergy Conference (Biomass and Biogas). (In Persian)
Najafpour, Q and Saseh, L. 1995. Installation of biogas units. Publications of Amir Kabir University of Technology (Tafresh Branch and Mazandaran University of Science and Technology). (In Persian)
Nazary Harris, Sh. 2014. Production of biogas from livestock waste in areas with cold climates. Master's thesis. University of Tabriz, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, 100 p. (In Persian)
Liao, X., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Liu, C., Chen, Q., 2016. Accelerated high-solids anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge using low-temperature thermal pretreatment. international Bio deterioration & Biodegradation 106 (2016) 141-149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.10.023
Appels, L., Degreve, J., Van der Bruggen, B., Van Impe, J., Dewil, R., 2010. Influence of low temperature thermal pre-treatment on sludge solubilisation, heavy metal release and anaerobic digestion. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 5743e5748.
Ferrer, I., Ponsab, S., Vazquezc, F., Fontb, X., 2008. Increasing biogas production by thermal (70°C) sludge pre-treatment prior to thermophilic anaerobic digestion. Biochem. Eng. J. 42, 186e192.
Adgad, O, N., Sponza, D. T., 2007. co-digestion of mixed industrial sludge with municipal solid wastes in anaerobic simulated landfilling bioreactors. J Hazard mater. 140:75-85.
Xie, s. G., wu. p. G., Lawlor. J. p, frost. x, Zhan. Methane production from anaerobic co-digestion of the separated solid fraction of pig manure with dried grass silage. Bioresource technology 2012; 104:289-297
Cesaro, A., Belgiorno, V., 2013. Sonolysis and ozonation as pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of solid organic waste. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 20(3):931-36.
Rongping, L., C. Shulin and L. Xiujiu. 2010. Biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion of food waste with dairy manure in a two-phase digestion system. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology.160:643-654.
Meybodikalantari, S., Danesh, Sh., Ebrahimi, S.H and Heydarian, A. 2013. Evaluation of the effect of total solid and lime content on biogas production from cow rum content. 4th National Conference on Bioenergy of Iran (Biomass and Biogas), Kimia Energy Thinkers, Tehran. (In Persian)
Gong, L., Yang, X., Wang, Z., Zhou, J., You, X., 2019. Impact of hydrothermal pre-treatment on the anaerobic digestion of different solid–liquid ratio sludge’s and kinetic analysis. Royal Society of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA01662G
Cesaro, A., Velten, S., Belgiorno, V., Kuchta, K., 2014. Enhanced anaerobic digestion by ultrasonic pretreatment of organic residues for energy production, Journal of Cleaner Production, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.03.030(In press).
Grönroos, A., Kyllönen, H., Korpijärvi, K., Pirkonen, P., Paavola, T., Jokela, J., et al., 2005. Ultrasound assisted method to increasesoluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of sewage sludge for digestion. Ultrason. Sonochem. 12 (1–2), 115–120.
Kidak, R., Wilhelm, A.M., Delmas, H., 2009.Effect of process parameters on the energy requirement in ultrasonical treatment of waste sludge. Chem. Eng. Press. 48 (8), 1346–1352.
Li, H., Jin, Y.Y., Mahar, R. B., Wang, Z.Y., Nie, Y.F., 2009. Effects of ultrasonic disintegration on sludge microbial activity and dewater ability. J. Hazard. Mater. 161 (2–3), 1421–1426.
Wu, N. Y., Mattsson, M., Ding, M. W., Wu, M. T., Mei, J., Shen, Y. L., 2019. Effects of Different Pretreatments on Improving Biogas Production of Macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus serratus in Baltic Sea. Energy Fuels 2019, 33, 3, 2278–2284. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04224.