بررسی مدل های مدیریت سوانح طبیعی با استفاده از مفاهیم تحلیل مضمون

الموضوعات :

مهدی نوجوان ¹ , اسماعیل صالحی ² , بابک امیدوار ³ , شهرزاد فریادی ⁴

1 - دکتری برنامه ریزی محیط زیست- مدیریت در سوانح طبیعی، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشیار دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران.
3 - دانشیار، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
4 - دانشیار، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران

تاريخ الإرسال : 10 السبت , ذو القعدة, 1437 تاريخ التأكيد : 05 الثلاثاء , ذو الحجة, 1437 تاريخ الإصدار : 16 الخميس , صفر, 1443

الکلمات المفتاحية: گونه‌شناسی, مدیریت سوانح, برنامه استراتژیک, مدل مفهومی, تحلیل مضمونی,

ملخص المقالة :

زمینه و هدف: مدل های مختلفی برای مدیریت سوانح ارایه شده که با توجه به نقاط ضعف این مدل ها، علی رغم کارآیی آن ها در برخی مکان ها و تحت شرایط خاص، سوانح طبیعی همچنان چالش اساسی در دستیابی به توسعه پایدار است. هدف از این تحقیق تحلیل مدل های مدیریت سوانح است تا بتوان از آن به مثابه ابزاری نظری در تحلیل شرایط موجود و نیل به وضع مطلوب بهره برداری کرد. روش بررسی: جهت دستیابی به هدف تحقیق، رویکرد کیفی و آمیخته ای از روش های تحلیل مضمونی، طبقه بندی و گونه شناسی استفاده شد. در این راستا ابتدا مدل های مدیریت سانحه از سال 1941 تا سال 2016 گردآوری شدند. سپس با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمونی در مرحله نخست یعنی کدگذاری توصیفی، عناصر موجود در هر مدل به عنوان کد، استخراج و سپس از میان کدها، مضامین پایه شناخته شدند. سپس در مرحله کدگذاری تفسیری ، مضامین پایه در سه دسته طبقه بندی شد که آن ها را مضامین سازمان دهنده گویند. آخرین مرحله، تعیین مضمون فراگیر است که تمامی مضامین پیش گفته را در بر می گیرد. یافته ها: مضامین محوری که در مرحله کدگذاری تفسیری به دست آمد عبارتند از مضامین مدیریت عملیات، مدیریت ریسک و ارزیابی خطر. بر اساس تحلیل مضمونی مدل ها می توان نتیجه گرفت که مدیریت سوانح، سه عنصر اصلی دارد. بنابراین، مدل جامع مدیریت سانحه باید این سه عنصر و مضامین پایه ذیل آن ها را دربرگیرد که گونه ایده آل یا گونه معیار نامیده می شود. نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد که برخی محققان به مدیریت سانحه، یک بعدی نگریسته اند؛ حتی در بعضی از مدل های دو بعدی نیز یک بعد غلبه دارد. در حالی که گونه شناسی ارایه شده در این تحقیق نشان داد که با توجه به نوع ایده آل، مد ل جامع باید دربرگیرنده هر سه عنصر اشاره شده باشد. مطابق گونه شناسی ارایه شده، برنامه راهبردی مدیریت سانحه بایستی تحت مدیریتی جامع با در نظرگرفتن کلیه عناصر مرتبط با سوانح اجرایی گردد.

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