دست‌یابی به پایداری زیست‌محیطی در مسکن امروزی به‌واسطه طبیعت
الموضوعات :نفیسه یاری بروجنی 1 , مهدی سعدوندی 2 , آرمین بهرامیان 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری معماری اسلامی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
2 - دکترای معماری، استادیار، عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران. *( مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دکترای معماری منظر، استادیار، عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: پایداری زیست‌محیطی, مسکن, طبیعت, معماری,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: در خانه های امروزی ارتباط با طبیعت کم رنگ شده و ساکنان در حال حرکت به‌سوی تخریب محیط‌زیست پیرامون خود هستند. مساله این پژوهش، چگونگی ارتباط با طبیعت به‌عنوان یکی از اصول توسعه پایدار زیست‌محیطی در مسکن است و درصدد پاسخ به این پرسش است که ویژگی‌های مسکن سازگار با طبیعت در راستای تحقق اهداف پایداری زیست‌محیطی کدام‌اند؟ روش بررسی: جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از طریق متون کتابخانه‌ای صورت گرفته، سپس با تجزیه‌وتحلیل کیفی و روش توصیفی تحلیلی به تجزیه‌وتحلیل محتوای آن‌ها پرداخته است. در این راستا مؤلفه‌ها، اصول و جملات کلیدی پیرامون 3حوزه پایداری، طبیعت و مسکن استخراج گردید. بعدازآن مؤلفه‌ها و نکات به‌دست‌آمده دسته‌بندی شد. در ادامه نگارندگان به‌منظور دست‌یابی به ویژگی‌های مسکن موردنظر، به تحلیل و تطبیق این مؤلفه‌ها نسبت به یکدیگر پرداختند. درنهایت فهرستی شامل اقداماتی جهت تحقق این ویژگی ها حاصل گردید. یافته‌ها: نتایج حاکی از لزوم توجه به اقداماتی در راستای ارتباط بی‌واسطه با طبیعت، احیای محیط‌های طبیعی و همچنین حفظ منابع طبیعی، کاهش مصرف انرژی و افزایش دریافت نور خورشید، کاهش آلودگی‌های زیست‌محیطی، هم گونی فرم و شکل ساختمان با محیط‌زیست و نحوه انتخاب و استفاده از مصالح در پروسه طراحی خانه هستند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: به نظر می رسد با مدنظر قرار دادن حضور مستمر طبیعت در سازمان‌دهی فضاهای مسکن، حفظ پوشش گیاهی وضع موجود، احترام به شکل طبیعی سایت و ... بتوان مسکنی طراحی نمود که در جهت تقویت ارتباط ساکنان با طبیعت و در راستای اصول پایداری زیست‌محیطی مؤثر افتد.
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- Mehdyar-Zeh, Keshtkaran-P. "Sustainable Architecture" - Proceedings of the First National Conference on Sustainable Architecture, 2009, Sama Vocational Technical College, Hamadan, Iran. (In Persian)
- Pour Mokhtar, Ahmad, "Recognizing the Concept of Sustainability and Sustainable Development in Iranian Architecture and Urban Development", Abadi, 2011, No. 73-72: 19-12. (In Persian)
- Mokhtari Malekabadi, Maryam, "A Review of Pollution Types and Indicators of Iranian Environmental Performance", Danesh Nama, Isfahan Engineering-Technical Journal, 2013, No. 223-226: 17-6. (In Persian)
- Durban, Mehri, Dehban, Sepideh, "Green Architecture in Santa Monica Milan", Journal of Architecture and Culture, 2012, No. 48: 87-84. (In Persian)
- Hasheminejad, Hashem, Ahmadian Chashami, Hoorieh, "The Green House Realization," Architecture and Culture Quarterly, 2012, No. 48: 30-24. (In Persian)
- Seflai, Farzaneh, "Investigating the Concepts and Experiences of Sustainable Architecture", Abadi, 2004, No. 42: 67-62. (In Persian)
- Ardalan, Nader, Bakhtiar, Laleh. (Authors), Hamid Shahrokh. (Translator), "Sense of Unity, Mystical Tradition in Iranian Architecture", Isfahan: Soil Publishing, 2001. (In Persian)
- Nourian, Farshad, Abdollahi Sabet, Mohammad Mehdi, "Explaining Sustainability Criteria and Indicators in Residential Neighborhood", Shahr Negar Journal, 2008, No. 50. (In Persian)
- Zandieh, Mehdi, Parvordi Nejad, Samira, "Sustainable Development and its Concepts in Iranian Residential Architecture", Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 2010, 21-2. (In Persian)
- Zamani, Leila, Javaherian, Zahra, "Investigating the Process of Developments in Sustainability Indicators in the International System", Environmental Science and Technology, 2015, Volume 17, Number 4: 200-183. (In Persian)
- Hagan, S. 2001. Taking Shape: A New Contract between Architecture and Nature. Oxford: Architectural Press.
- Mohammad Karimi-M, Zandiyeh-A. "Investigating Sustainable Architecture in Desert Houses (Case Study: Dear Yazd House") - First Scientific Research Conference on Civil, Architecture and Sustainable Environment, 2015, Ivan Shams Institute of Architecture and Urban Development. (In Persian)
- Golparvar Fard, Nazanin, "Man of the Architectural Nature", Tehran: Tahan: Hale, 2010. (Persian)
- Debridian. Nazli, Farahudi, Marwah, "Sustainable Architecture Unit - Introduction to Sustainable Design", Iranian Journal of Specialized Architecture, 2003, No. 14. (In Persian)
- Giyasvand, Javad, "Interaction between Architecture and New Energy", Road and Building Journal, 2006, No. 38. (In Persian)
- Dariush, Babak, "Man of the Architectural Nature," Tehran: Science and Knowledge, 2010. (In Persian)
- Pourmokhtar, Ahmad. "Recognizing the Concept of Sustainability and Sustainable Development in the Historical City of Isfahan". Master of Architecture Degree in Architecture Studies, Isfahan University of Art, 2012. (In Persian)
- Saghafi Asl, Arash, Eliaszadeh Moghaddam, Nasr al-Din, "Recognizing the Concept of Sustainability and Sustainable Development in Iranian Architecture and Urban Development," Abadi, 2011, No. 73-72: 25-20. (In Persian)
- Williams, D. 2007. Sustainable Design: Ecology. Architecture and planning. John Wiley & Sons. Inc.Newyork.
- Mahmoudinejad, Hadi, "Architecture of Biostructure", Tehran: Hale: Tahan, 2009. (In Persian)
- Pourdiehimi, Shahram, "Landscape: The Connection of Nature and Culture", Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, 2012, No. 138: 27-17. (In Persian)
- Wheeler, Stephen, Timothy, Beatle. (Authors), Kianoush Zaker True. (Translator), "Articles on Sustainable Urban Development", Tehran: Center for Architectural and Urban Studies and Research, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, 2005. (In Persian)
- Emami, Samaneh, "Architecture by Nature, Interaction of Architecture or Nature Education Space to Provide Psychological Need for Students of Two Universities in Isfahan", 2013, Journal of Landscape, No. 24: 17-14. (In Persian)
- Purdihimi, Shahram, "A Look at the Future of Cities: Recycling Urban Spaces for Integration with Nature and Society," Journal of Safeh, 2001, No. 33: 28-35. (In Persian)
- Zarrabadi, Zahra Sadat, Tavakoli, Nikki, "Urban Sustainability Development Index", Urban Management Research Quarterly, 2009, No. 2: 123-110. (In Persian)
- Daneshfar, Ehsan, Sediq, Morteza, "Introduction to Landscape Architecture: Human and Nature", Tehran: Soroush Danesh, 2013. (In Persian)
- Daipour, Zeinab, "The Relationship between the Presence of Nature and the Increased Sense of Belonging in Traditional Iranian Homes", Bagh Nazar, 2014, No. 30: 58-49. (Persian)
- Hashemi, Seyyed Mohammad Ali, "Gaston Beshlar and Architecture of Imaginary House", Abadi Magazine, 1996, No. 23: 17-2. In Persian)
- Fateh, Mohammad, Dariush, Babak, "Theoretical Foundations of Architecture." Tehran: Science and Knowledge, 2011. (In Persian)
- Naghizadeh, Mohammad, "The Place of Nature and Environment in Iranian Culture and Cities". Tehran: Azad University Press, Research Branch, 2005. (In Persian)
- Hatami Golzari, Elham, "Traditional Architecture and Sustainable Development", Infrastructure, 2007-2009, 39-37. (In Persian)
