تحلیل زیستی و رگرسیونی آبشویی علف¬کش 2,4-D
الموضوعات :محمد حسین جمشیدی 1 , حمید صالحیان 2 , اسماعیل بابانژاد 3 , محمد رضوانی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری علوم علف¬های هرز، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد قائم‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم‌شهر، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد قائم‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم‌شهر، ایران * (مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه بهداشت، دانشکده بهداشت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی مازندران.
4 - دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد قائم‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم‌شهر، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: آبشویی علف¬کش, تجزیه همبستگی کانونیک, زیست سنجی.,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: آبشویی علفکشها نه تنها کارآیی آنها را کاهش میدهد بلکه باعث افزایش آلودگی خاك و آبهای زیر زمینی ميشوند. 2,4-D علفکشی است که قابلیت آلایندگی خاك و آبهای عمقی را دارد. اين آزمايش با هدف بررسی تاثیر ماده آلی و بافت خاک بر نفوذپذیری علفکش 2, 4-D از طریق زیستی و تجزیه همبستگی کانونیک انجام شد.
روش بررسی: در این آزمایش در سال 1398 به منظور تحلیل و تکیه بر تاثیر ماده آلی و بافت خاک بر آبشویی علفکش 2,4-D از دو روش زیستسنجی و تجزیه همبستگی کانونیک (Canonical Correlation Analysis) استفاده شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی عبارت بودند از میزان ماده آلی خاک (شاهد، 5/2 و 5 درصد وزنی کود دامی)، بافت خاک (شاهد، متوسط و شنی) و دز علفکش (5/1 و 3 لیتر در هکتار از علفکش). پس از تهیه تیمارها از لولههای تو خالی (PVC) برای نگهداری خاک استفاده و علفکش روی ستون خاک همراه با آب مقطر تزریق شد. پس از سه روز برشهای دو سانتیمتری از ستون خاک در معرض آزمون زیستسنجی قرار گرفتند.
یافتهها: با استناد به صفت وزن تر گیاهچه خیار (گیاه محک) در تیمار بیشترین مقدار کود دامی حد آبشویی تا عمق شش سانتیمتری برآورد شد. در حالی که این افق برای خاک شاهد 10 سانتیمتر محاسبه گردید. در خاک شنی نیز کاهش وزن تر تا عمق 12 سانتیمتری اندازهگیری شد. به عبارت دیگر همراه با کاهش ماده آلی و افزایش تخلخل خاک نفوذ علفکش 2,4-D تا شش سانتیمتر افزایش یافت.
نتیجهگیری: کود دامی و خاک سنگین سبب عدم تحرک 2,4-D شده و کاربرد آن در باغات جوان با ریشه سطحی، مناسب نیست.
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