بررسی اثر افزایش کارایی مصرف آب بر تغییر الگوی کشت با تاکید بر اهداف سیاستگذاران و زیست محیطی در استان فارس
الموضوعات :
حمید محمدی
1
(استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل (نویسنده مسئول))
علی رضا سرگزی
2
(مربی گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل)
ولی اله سارانی
3
(استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل)
الکلمات المفتاحية: راندمان آبیاری, اهداف زیست‌محیطی, الگوی بهینه کشت, ریسک, استان فارس,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: کارایی پایین مصرف آب افزون بر هدر دادن منابع کمیاب آب موجب افزایش جریان آب و آلودگی های زیست محیطی نیز می شود. تحلیل اثر افزایش کارایی مصرف آب می تواند بعنوان ابزاری مطلوب به سیاستگذاران یاری رساند. در همین راستا این مطالعه با هدف تحلیل آثار افزایش راندمان آبیاری در میان بهره برداران استان فارس انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه از رهیافت برنامه ریزی چندهدفه استفاده گردیده است. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که اثر افزایش راندمان آبیاری بر الگوی کشت و اهداف بهره برداران شامل بازده ناخالص و ریسک بازده ناخالص و همچنین اثر آن بر ملاحظات زیست محیطی شامل مصرف آب و کودشیمیایی بررسی شد. اشتغال نیز دیگر هدف مورد توجه بود. با توجه به چندبعدی بودن آثار تحت بررسی، از رهیافت برنامه ریزی چند هدفی استفاده شد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: تحلیل سناریوها نشان داد که افزایش راندمان آبیاری موجب افزایش بازده ناخالص و مصرف کودشیمیایی و تنوع در الگوی کشت می شود اما مساعدت چندانی به کاهش ریسک بازده ناخالص نمی کند. همچنین مشخص شد که افزایش راندمان در منطقه استان فارس موجب افزایش اشتغال نیز نخواهد شد. بطور کلی در افزایش راندمان اگر افزایش بازده ناخالص مورد توجه قرار گیرد بیش از سایر اهداف در جهت منافع جامعه خواهد بود.
- Dwyer, G. Douglas, R. Peterson, D. and Chong, J., 2006. Irrigation externalities: pricing and charges. Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper. Melbourne. March.
- Almasri, M.N. and Kaluarachchi J.J., 2005. Multi-criteria decision analysis for the optimal management of nitrate contamination of aquifers. Journal of Environmental Management, 74, pp.365-81.
- Kosar A .,1993. Desertification with flood spreading, Coordinated effort. Natural Resources and Animal Sciences Research Center of Fars province. Shiraz.
- Krishanth, M. Gunaratne, L.H.P. Ekanayake, E.M.T. and Gunawardene, E.R.N., 2004. An economic viability of micro irrigation system in low country dry zone. Water Professionals Symposium.
- Sivanapan, R.K., 1994. Prospects of micro irrigation in India. Irrigation and Drainage System, 8, pp.49-58.
- Narayanamoorthy, A and Deshpand, R.S. 1995. Economic evaluation of drip irrigation: A study of Maharashtra. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 36, pp.254-271.
- Najafi, B. Qaemi, A, Taraskar, M. H And d Rahmati (2008). Economic study of drip irrigation system in Fars province. Journal of Economics and Agriculture. Volume II No. 1, 102-87.
- Mohammadi Dinani, M. And h Mehrabbi Bashrabadi (2000). Investigation of Economic Conversion of Watering Irrigation to Underwater Pressure in Bam Village. Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development. 31, 136-115.
- Bakhshodeh, M, . and e Rafiee Darani (2005). The Role of Agricultural Credit Award in Developing Irrigation Systems in Isfahan Province. Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Bank. 8, 105-91.
- Rafiee Darani, e. (2005). Factors affecting selection and acceptance of rain irrigation in Isfahan province. master thesis. Shiraz University. Shiraz.
- Shrestha, R. and Gopalakrishnan, C., 1993. Adoption and Diffusion of Drip Irrigation Technology: An Econometric Analysis. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 41(2), pp.407-418.
- Borim Nejad, V and gh, Peykani .,2004. Effect of improving irrigation efficiency in agricultural sector on increasing groundwater level. Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development. 47, 90-69.
- Seaman, J. Flichman, G. Scardigo, A. And Steduto, P., 2006. Analysis of nitrate pollution control in the irrigated agriculture of Apulia Region (Southern Italy): A bio-economic modeling approach. Agricultural System, 94, pp, 357–367.
- Latinopoulos, D. and Mylopoulos, Y., 2005. optimal allocation of land and water resources in irrigated agriculture by means of Goal Programming: Application in Loudias River basin. Global Nest Journal, 7, pp. 264-273.
- Berbel, J. and Gomez-Limon, J.A., 2000. The impact of water-pricing policy in Spain: An analysis of three irrigated areas. Agricultural Water Management, 43, pp.219-238.
- Bakhtiar U A (1376). Socio-economic evaluation of Fars province flood spreading plan. Final report of research project. Natural Resources and Animal Sciences Research Center of Fars province. Shiraz.
- Francisco, S. R and Mubarik, A., 2006. Resource allocation tradeoffs in Manila's peri-urban vegetable production systems: An application of multiple objective programming. Agricultural System, 87, pp.147–168.
- Torkamani, J., 1996. Decision criteria in risk analysis: An application of stochastic dominance with respect to a function. Iran Agricultural Research, 15, pp. 1-18.
- 18.Cohon, J.L., 1978. Multiobjective Programming and Planning. Academic Press. New York.
- Raju, K.S. and Kumar, D.N., 1999. Multicriterion decision making in irrigation planning. Agricultural System, 62, pp. 117–129. Berenger, V. and Verdier-Chouchane, A., 2007. Multidimensional measures of well-being: Standard of living quality of life across countries. World Development, 35(7), pp.1259–1276.
- Cerioli, A. and Zani, S., 1990. A fuzzy approach to the measurement of poverty. In C. Dagum, & M. Zenga (Eds.). Income and wealth distribution. Inequality and poverty, pp.272–284. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
- Gomez-Limon, J.A. and Riesgo, L., 2004. Irrigation water pricing: Differential impacts on irrigated farms. Agricultural Economics, 31, pp. 47-66.
- Ballestero, E. and Romero, C., 1998. Multiple Criteria Decision Making and its Applications to Economic Problems. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Amsterdam.
- Torkamani, J, and M., Bakhshoudeh., 2003. Structural Estimation of Wheat Risk Thoughts in Ramajerd region, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science. No. 34,113-105.
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- Dwyer, G. Douglas, R. Peterson, D. and Chong, J., 2006. Irrigation externalities: pricing and charges. Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper. Melbourne. March.
- Almasri, M.N. and Kaluarachchi J.J., 2005. Multi-criteria decision analysis for the optimal management of nitrate contamination of aquifers. Journal of Environmental Management, 74, pp.365-81.
- Kosar A .,1993. Desertification with flood spreading, Coordinated effort. Natural Resources and Animal Sciences Research Center of Fars province. Shiraz.
- Krishanth, M. Gunaratne, L.H.P. Ekanayake, E.M.T. and Gunawardene, E.R.N., 2004. An economic viability of micro irrigation system in low country dry zone. Water Professionals Symposium.
- Sivanapan, R.K., 1994. Prospects of micro irrigation in India. Irrigation and Drainage System, 8, pp.49-58.
- Narayanamoorthy, A and Deshpand, R.S. 1995. Economic evaluation of drip irrigation: A study of Maharashtra. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 36, pp.254-271.
- Najafi, B. Qaemi, A, Taraskar, M. H And d Rahmati (2008). Economic study of drip irrigation system in Fars province. Journal of Economics and Agriculture. Volume II No. 1, 102-87.
- Mohammadi Dinani, M. And h Mehrabbi Bashrabadi (2000). Investigation of Economic Conversion of Watering Irrigation to Underwater Pressure in Bam Village. Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development. 31, 136-115.
- Bakhshodeh, M, . and e Rafiee Darani (2005). The Role of Agricultural Credit Award in Developing Irrigation Systems in Isfahan Province. Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Bank. 8, 105-91.
- Rafiee Darani, e. (2005). Factors affecting selection and acceptance of rain irrigation in Isfahan province. master thesis. Shiraz University. Shiraz.
- Shrestha, R. and Gopalakrishnan, C., 1993. Adoption and Diffusion of Drip Irrigation Technology: An Econometric Analysis. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 41(2), pp.407-418.
- Borim Nejad, V and gh, Peykani .,2004. Effect of improving irrigation efficiency in agricultural sector on increasing groundwater level. Quarterly Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development. 47, 90-69.
- Seaman, J. Flichman, G. Scardigo, A. And Steduto, P., 2006. Analysis of nitrate pollution control in the irrigated agriculture of Apulia Region (Southern Italy): A bio-economic modeling approach. Agricultural System, 94, pp, 357–367.
- Latinopoulos, D. and Mylopoulos, Y., 2005. optimal allocation of land and water resources in irrigated agriculture by means of Goal Programming: Application in Loudias River basin. Global Nest Journal, 7, pp. 264-273.
- Berbel, J. and Gomez-Limon, J.A., 2000. The impact of water-pricing policy in Spain: An analysis of three irrigated areas. Agricultural Water Management, 43, pp.219-238.
- Bakhtiar U A (1376). Socio-economic evaluation of Fars province flood spreading plan. Final report of research project. Natural Resources and Animal Sciences Research Center of Fars province. Shiraz.
- Francisco, S. R and Mubarik, A., 2006. Resource allocation tradeoffs in Manila's peri-urban vegetable production systems: An application of multiple objective programming. Agricultural System, 87, pp.147–168.
- Torkamani, J., 1996. Decision criteria in risk analysis: An application of stochastic dominance with respect to a function. Iran Agricultural Research, 15, pp. 1-18.
- 18.Cohon, J.L., 1978. Multiobjective Programming and Planning. Academic Press. New York.
- Raju, K.S. and Kumar, D.N., 1999. Multicriterion decision making in irrigation planning. Agricultural System, 62, pp. 117–129. Berenger, V. and Verdier-Chouchane, A., 2007. Multidimensional measures of well-being: Standard of living quality of life across countries. World Development, 35(7), pp.1259–1276.
- Cerioli, A. and Zani, S., 1990. A fuzzy approach to the measurement of poverty. In C. Dagum, & M. Zenga (Eds.). Income and wealth distribution. Inequality and poverty, pp.272–284. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
- Gomez-Limon, J.A. and Riesgo, L., 2004. Irrigation water pricing: Differential impacts on irrigated farms. Agricultural Economics, 31, pp. 47-66.
- Ballestero, E. and Romero, C., 1998. Multiple Criteria Decision Making and its Applications to Economic Problems. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Amsterdam.
- Torkamani, J, and M., Bakhshoudeh., 2003. Structural Estimation of Wheat Risk Thoughts in Ramajerd region, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science. No. 34,113-105.
