بررسی وضعیت محتوای زیست محیطی موجود در کتاب های درسی علوم تجربی دوره آموزش عمومی
الموضوعات :فائزه فاضلی 1 , فریده مهدوی ایکدلو 2
1 - دانشیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی*(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم محیط زیست، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی
الکلمات المفتاحية: معضلات زیست محیطی, حفاظت از محیط زیست, تحلیل محتوا, کتاب علوم تجربی, دوره آموزش عمومی,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: آموزش محیط زیست، درسی برای زندگی است. این نکته بدین معناست که آموخته ها و اندوخته های زیست محیطی ما باید به عمل تبدیل شده و در زندگی روزمره و رفتار فردی و اجتماعی ما بازتاب یابد. آنچه دراین زمینه قابل تأمل است نقش و اثری است که نظام های آموزشی در آموزش رفتارهای زیست محیطی از همان روزهای آغازین آموزش رسمی از طریق محتوا و کتاب درسی باید مدنظر قرار دهند. لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی محتوای کتاب های درسی علوم تجربی دوره آموزش عمومی از لحاظ توجه به معضلات زیست محیطی و حفاظت از محیط زیست است. روش بررسی: به این منظور کتاب های درسی علوم تجربی 8 سال دوره آموزش عمومی در سال تحصیلی 93-92 با روش تحلیل محتوا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته ها: در این بررسی با استفاده از ابزار فهرست وارسی، تحلیل محتوا که شامل هفت مؤلفه اصلی معضلات زیست محیطی (هوا، آب، خاک وصوت)، حفاظت منابع طبیعی، تفکیک زباله و بازیافت آن و نقش انسان در محیط زیست و 93 مؤلفه فرعی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پایایی این ابزار توسط کارشناسان صاحب نظر1/90 درصد به دست آمده است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد که بیش ترین توجه در کتاب علوم تجربی پایه هفتم و کم ترین توجه در کتاب علوم تجربی سوم ابتدایی نسبت به معضلات زیست محیطی شده است. به طور کلی در کتاب های علوم تجربی بیش ترین توجه به نقش انسان در محیط زیست وکم ترین توجه به آلودگی صوتی شده است.
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- Araghi, A., Barzabadi Farahani, N., Pashaei Arzaneh, A., 2012. Explore environmental education methods from the perspective of elementary school students. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development Vol 1(1) 17-22.
- Shfiabadi, A. 2015. Chilhood teaching method, Chehr Publication, Tehran.
- Yar Mohammadi, M., 2003. Principles of Education. Yad vareh Ketab Publishers.
- Mahmoudi,H., Hadi Veisi, H., 2005. An Environmental Extension and Education Approach to Primary Environmental Care. Environmental Sciences 8, pp. 57-63.
13. Ghazavi, M., Liaghatdar, M.J., Abedi, A. 2009. Content analysis of elementary science books in terms of environmental issues. Quarterly Journal of Education, 25(2) pp.127-152.
14. Dibaei, S., Lahijanian, A.A., 2009. A review of guidance curriculum with emphasis on environmental education. Environmental Sciences Quaterly, Vol. 23(3) pp. 177-185.
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- Bahram Soltani, K., 2007. Environment. Minstry of Education, Organisation for Educational Research and Planing.
- Javadi Amoli, A., 2007. Islam and Environment. Ghom, Asra Publishers.
- Kial, M., Kial, M., 2004. Environment rights in iran constitution view. Environment rights in iran conference, Tehran, Barge Zeytoon publishers.
- Aghagani, Z., 2011. Environment for elementary teachers. Monthly Growth Initial Education 15(1) 15-17.
- Miller, GT., 2003. Living in the environment. Translated by: M., Makhdoum. Tehran University Publications.
- Ghasemi, N., 2005. Criminal Justice, Tehran, Jamal Al-hage Publishers.
- Dabiri, M., 2013. Environment Pollution (Air, Water, Sound), Tehran, Etehad Publishers.
- Bagher Abadi. J., 1996.Naturalism in education and Training. Research project, Kermanshah.
- Bureau of Participation and Public Education, 2008. Comprehensive Environmental Education Program. Educational and Research Deputy. Department of environment publication.
- Shobeiri, S. M., Abdollahi, S., 2004. Environmental education theories, applications and concepts: Payame Noor University publication; Tehran.
- Yaghubi, J., 2004. Evaluation of environment subjects reflex in elementary and middle school textbooks. First Environment education National- Professional Seminar.
- ParhizKar, L., Shobeir, S.M., Sarmadi,M.R. 2002. Assesing of teacher viewpoint to elementary school environment education content.Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development Vol. 1(2) pp.35-43.
- Pooly J. A., O’Conoor M., Environmental Education and Attitudes Emotions and Belifs are what is needed.Journal of Environmental Behavior, Vol.32, No. 5, pp.711-723.2000.
- Samani,S., 2009. Studying knowledge and attitude of teachers and students at educational levels in Kish Island schools to determine their environmental educational needs. MSc. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Shiraz University.
- Soltani, M., 2010. Assessing the impact of environmental awareness of students on environmental activities during travel. MSc. student thesis. Faculty of educational Sciences, Payame noor University of Tehran.
- Bier Hoff H. W. 2001. Responsibility and Altuism: The Role of Volunteeris. In A.E. Auhagn & H. W. Bier Hoff (Eds) Responsibility-the Many Faces of a Phenoemenon. London: Rout Ledge. pp. 149-166.
- Hunecke M, Blobaum, A., Matthias E., Huger R. 2001. Responsibility and Environment Ecological NormOrientation and External Factors in the Domain of Travel Mode Choice Behavior, Environment and Behavior, Vol. 33. Pp. 830-862
- Araghi, A., Barzabadi Farahani, N., Pashaei Arzaneh, A., 2012. Explore environmental education methods from the perspective of elementary school students. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development Vol 1(1) 17-22.
- Shfiabadi, A. 2015. Chilhood teaching method, Chehr Publication, Tehran.
- Yar Mohammadi, M., 2003. Principles of Education. Yad vareh Ketab Publishers.
- Mahmoudi,H., Hadi Veisi, H., 2005. An Environmental Extension and Education Approach to Primary Environmental Care. Environmental Sciences 8, pp. 57-63.
13. Ghazavi, M., Liaghatdar, M.J., Abedi, A. 2009. Content analysis of elementary science books in terms of environmental issues. Quarterly Journal of Education, 25(2) pp.127-152.
14. Dibaei, S., Lahijanian, A.A., 2009. A review of guidance curriculum with emphasis on environmental education. Environmental Sciences Quaterly, Vol. 23(3) pp. 177-185.