تحلیل تاثیر تکنیک ساختمان های سبز بر کاهش مصرف انرژی (تکنیک بام سبز در ساختمان آموزشی در شهر واسط عراق)
الموضوعات :
ایام شیاع علی التمیمی
1
(کارشناس‌ارشد معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.)
افسانه زرکش
2
(استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
منصور یگانه
3
(دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.)
تاريخ الإرسال : 22 الأربعاء , ربيع الثاني, 1444
تاريخ التأكيد : 14 الخميس , شوال, 1444
تاريخ الإصدار : 04 الخميس , ذو الحجة, 1444
الکلمات المفتاحية:
مصرف انرژی,
انتقال حرارت,
ساختمان سبز,
نرم افزار دیزاین بیلدر,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: عراق دارای زمستان های معتدل و هوای گرم و خشک در تابستان های طولانی است به همین دلیل خنک سازی به پر مصرف ترین جنبه انرژی در عراق تبدیل شده و میزان مصرف انرژی در حال افزایش است. این مشکل در عدم تمایل به استفاده از راه های ساختمان سبز است که با هدف کاهش مصرف انرژی و منابع طبیعی انجام می شود. لذا این تحقیق بر روی یکی از این استراتژی‌ها تمرکز دارد که عبارت از بام سبز بعنوان بهترین راه برای صرفه‌جویی در انرژی است. هدف تحقیق ارائه نمونه ای از طراحی سقف با استفاده از فناوری بام سبز در یک ساختمان آموزشی در شهر واسط می باشد و ارزیابی رفتار حرارتی این فناوری در بهبود مصرف انرژی است.
روش بررسی: این مطالعه به صورت تحلیلی از طریق برنامه دیزاین بیلدر (Design Builder) برای ارزیابی تأثیر بام سبز بر مصرف انرژی شش نوع گیاه بومی مناسب منتخب برای اقلیم واسط انجام شد. ارتفاع گیاه، شاخص سطح برگ و ارتفاع لایه رشد به‌عنوان متغیرهای پژوهش وجود دارند که از طریق آنها، میزان بهبود مصرف انرژی سالانه اندازه‌گیری می‌شود.
یافته ها: نتایج تحلیل عددی نشان داد که پس از مقایسه گیاهان، بهترین عملکرد حرارتی بام سبز برای دو گیاه با ارتفاع 15 سانتی متر و 20 سانتیمتر با شاخص سطح برگ بالا بود که به ترتیب43/4 و 82/5 بود. بهترین ارتفاع لایه در حال رشد برای بهبود مصرف انرژی به میزان 25 سانتیمتر و 20 سانتیمتر مشخص گردید. صرفه جویی سالانه انرژی به ترتیب به 7/11 و 49/13 رسید.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: بام سبز در اقلیم شهر واسط راه حلی عملی و پایدار برای مصرف انرژی در آب و هوای گرم و خشک است و می توان از مزایای بسیار آن در اقلیم این شهر بهره برد.
المصادر:
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Malika, F. A. K., & Hashem, A. L. (2020). Experimental Investigation of Green Roof Impact on Buildings Energy in Hot Climate. Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences, 13(2).
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Almusaed, A., & Almssad, A. (2006). Biophilic architecture: The concept of healthy sustainable architecture. In PLEA2006-The 23rd Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Geneva, Switzerland, 6-8 September 2006 (pp. 383-387). Universite de Geneve.
Barnett, D.L. and Browning, W.D., (2007). A Primer on Sustainable Architecture. Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI), Green Development Services, USA.pp.8-9.
Getter, K. L., Rowe, D. B., & Cregg, B. M. (2009). Solar radiation intensity influences extensive green roof plant communities. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 8(4), 269-281.
Pledge, E., (2005). Green roofs: ecological design and construction. USA: Schiffer Pub Limited.
Shafique, M., Kim, R., Rafiq, M. (2018). Green roof benefits, opportunities and challenges– A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 90(C), 757-773. https://archive.org › mccl_10.1016_j. rser.2018.04.006.
Shirazi, M. M. H., & Mowla, D. (2010). Energy optimization for liquefaction process of natural gas in peak shaving plant. Energy, 35(7), 2878-2885.
Vijayaraghavan, K. (2016). Green roofs: A critical review on the role of components, benefits, limitations and trends. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 57, 740-752.
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Vargas, A. P., & Hamui, L. (2021). Thermal energy performance simulation of a residential building retrofitted with passive design strategies: a case study in Mexico. Sustainability, 13(14), 8064.
Saebisafa, Bahar, Heydari, Sulaimanpour, & Negar (2020). Auditing the amount of energy loss through the external walls of the building and the effect of thermal insulation by simulation in Design Builder software (case example: office building in Tehran). Science and Engineering Elites, 169-179, 24(5). (In Persian)
Fathaliyan, A., & Kargar Sharif Abad. (2020). Investigating the impact of different energy optimization solutions in building energy classification using Design Builder software (case study: office building). Environmental Science and Technology Quarterly, 22 (7), 199-214. (In Persian)
Fathalian, A., & Kargarsharif, H. (2020). Investigating the effect of different energy saving strategies on energy rating of building by design builder software (case study: office building). Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 22(7), 199-214.
Zomorodian, Gholamreza (2014). Comparing the explanatory power of parametric (econometrics) and non-parametric (Monte Carlo) models in measuring the amount of value exposed to the risk of investment companies' portfolios to determine the optimal portfolio in Iran's capital market, Securities Financial Engineering Quarterly, Vol. 6, No. 22, April 2014, pp. 113-147. (In Persian)
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Al-Badri, N. R. (2013). Grid electricity demand reduction through applying passive and active strategies for a house in Baghdad, Iraq (Doctoral dissertation, The British University in Dubai (BUiD)).
Malika, F. A. K., & Hashem, A. L. (2020). Experimental Investigation of Green Roof Impact on Buildings Energy in Hot Climate. Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences, 13(2).
Jaffal, I., Ouldboukhitine, S. E., & Belarbi, R. (2012). A comprehensive study of the impact of green roofs on building energy performance. Renewable energy, 43, 157-164.
Zarghami, E., Adibi, E., )2016(. Thermal Performance Evaluation of Green Roof on Sustainability and Energy Efficiency in Residential Buildings in Hot and Dry Climates of Iran. Sustainable Architecture and urbanism, 4(1), pp.75-90. )In Persian(
Karachaliou, P., Santamouris, M., & Pangalou, H. (2016). Experimental and numerical analysis of the energy performance of a large scale intensive green roof system installed on an office building in Athens. Energy and Buildings, 114, 256-264.
Ziogou, I., Michopoulos, A., Voulgari, V., & Zachariadis, T. (2017). Energy, environmental and economic assessment of electricity savings from the operation of green roofs in urban office buildings of a warm Mediterranean region. Journal of Cleaner Production, 168, 346-356.
He, Y., Yu, H., Chen, P. and Zhao, M., 2018. Thermal performance evaluation of a new type of green roof system. Energy Procedia, 152, pp.384-389.
Mahmoodzadeh, M., Mukhopadhyaya P., & Valeo, C. (2019). Effects of Extensive Green Roofs on Energy Performance of School Buildings in Four North American Climates, Water, 12(1), 6.
Sadegh, Salim. (2011). The architecture of globalization in Egypt and the absence of concepts of sustainability in design: a case study of administrative buildings in New Cairo. Cairo, Al-Azhar University - Faculty of Engineering. (In Arabic)
Yudelson, J. (2007). Green building A to Z: Understanding the language of green building. New Society Publishers.
Hui, S. C. M. (2007, September). Sustainable building technologies for hot and humid climates. In Invited Paper for the Joint Hong Kong and Hangzhou Seminar for Sustainable Building (pp. 21-23).
Woolley, T., & Kimmins, S. (2003). Green building handbook: Volume 2: A guide to building products and their impact on the environment. Routledge. p5
Edwards, Brain (2005) “Green Building Pay” E & FN Spon, an Imprint of Routledge, London, UK, p.8
Almusaed, A., & Almssad, A. (2006). Biophilic architecture: The concept of healthy sustainable architecture. In PLEA2006-The 23rd Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Geneva, Switzerland, 6-8 September 2006 (pp. 383-387). Universite de Geneve.
Barnett, D.L. and Browning, W.D., (2007). A Primer on Sustainable Architecture. Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI), Green Development Services, USA.pp.8-9.
Getter, K. L., Rowe, D. B., & Cregg, B. M. (2009). Solar radiation intensity influences extensive green roof plant communities. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 8(4), 269-281.
Pledge, E., (2005). Green roofs: ecological design and construction. USA: Schiffer Pub Limited.
Shafique, M., Kim, R., Rafiq, M. (2018). Green roof benefits, opportunities and challenges– A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 90(C), 757-773. https://archive.org › mccl_10.1016_j. rser.2018.04.006.
Shirazi, M. M. H., & Mowla, D. (2010). Energy optimization for liquefaction process of natural gas in peak shaving plant. Energy, 35(7), 2878-2885.
Vijayaraghavan, K. (2016). Green roofs: A critical review on the role of components, benefits, limitations and trends. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 57, 740-752.
Christopher, (2003). Green Roof Specifications and Standards. The Construction Specifier, Volume 65, p. 2.
Peck, S. W., Callaghan, C., Kuhn, M. E., & Bass, B. (1999). Greenbacks from green roofs: forging a new industry in Canada. p. 48.
Doug, B., Hitesh, D., James, L. and Paul, M., (2005). Report on the environmental benefits and costs of green roof technology for the city of Toronto, Ontario centres., pp.36-47.
Cascone, S. (2019). Green roof design: State of the art on technology and materials. Sustainability, 11(11), 3020. p.15.
Chow, M. F., & Bakar, M. A. (2016). A review on the development and challenges of green roof systems in Malaysia. International Journal of Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 10(1), 16-20.
Gupta, G., Parihar, S. S., Ahirwar, N. K., Snehi, S. K., & Singh, V. (2015). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): current and future prospects for development of sustainable agriculture. J Microb Biochem Technol, 7(2), 096-102.
Townshend, D. (2007). Study on green roof application in Hong Kong–Urbis Limited. Hong Kong.
Berndtsson, J. C. (2010). Green roof performance towards management of runoff water quantity and quality: A review. Ecological engineering, 36(4), 351-360.
Vargas, A. P., & Hamui, L. (2021). Thermal energy performance simulation of a residential building retrofitted with passive design strategies: a case study in Mexico. Sustainability, 13(14), 8064.
Saebisafa, Bahar, Heydari, Sulaimanpour, & Negar (2020). Auditing the amount of energy loss through the external walls of the building and the effect of thermal insulation by simulation in Design Builder software (case example: office building in Tehran). Science and Engineering Elites, 169-179, 24(5). (In Persian)
Fathaliyan, A., & Kargar Sharif Abad. (2020). Investigating the impact of different energy optimization solutions in building energy classification using Design Builder software (case study: office building). Environmental Science and Technology Quarterly, 22 (7), 199-214. (In Persian)
Fathalian, A., & Kargarsharif, H. (2020). Investigating the effect of different energy saving strategies on energy rating of building by design builder software (case study: office building). Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 22(7), 199-214.
Zomorodian, Gholamreza (2014). Comparing the explanatory power of parametric (econometrics) and non-parametric (Monte Carlo) models in measuring the amount of value exposed to the risk of investment companies' portfolios to determine the optimal portfolio in Iran's capital market, Securities Financial Engineering Quarterly, Vol. 6, No. 22, April 2014, pp. 113-147. (In Persian)
Ibarra, D. (2009, semptember, 30). Harvard Graduate School of Design.
Sahab Geographic & Drafting Institute, political and natural map of Iraq,https://sahabmap.com/product/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%D9%87-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82
