اولویت‌بندی مؤلفه‌های توسعه پایدار در برنامه‌ریزی پارک‌های اکولوژی نمونه موردی: (کوه پارک مشهد)
الموضوعات :
تکتم حنایی
1
(دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران)
سید مسلم سیدالحسینی
2
(گروه شهرسازی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران)
الناز خلیلی
3
(دانشجوی دکتری،گروه شهرسازی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی)
تاريخ الإرسال : 17 الإثنين , رمضان, 1443
تاريخ التأكيد : 16 الأحد , محرم, 1444
تاريخ الإصدار : 18 الإثنين , شعبان, 1443
الکلمات المفتاحية:
پارک اکولوژی,
کوه پارک,
مشهد,
پایداری زیست‌محیطی,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: با بررسی و مرور مطالب گذشته در دو حوزه‌ی پارک اکولوژی و توسعه پایدار می‌توان به این نتیجه رسید که بیشتر مطالعات بر روی مفاهیم و مؤلفه‌های این دو حوزه به‌صورت جداگانه تأکید داشته‌اند و مطالعه‌ای در خصوص ادغام این دو حوزه و تأثیرات متقابل آن‌ها بر روی‌هم انجام‌نشده است، برای همین منظور هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی مؤلفه‌های پارک‌های اکولوژی و اولویت‌بندی آن‌ها با رویکرد توسعه پایدار شهری است.
روش بررسی: این پژوهش به لحاظ هدف کاربردی، از حیث ماهیت و روش انجام کار توصیفی - تحلیلی و روش تحقیق آن کمی است. برای سؤالات پرسش‌نامه 28 نفر از کارشناسان فعال در حوزه توسعه پایدار و فضای سبز مشهد با روش تمام شماری انتخاب شده است. تحلیل نتایج، باتوجه‌به نوع طیف مورداستفاده در پرسش‌ها، از معادلات ساختاری و تحلیل عاملی توسط نرم‌افزار Smart Pls و SPSS استفاده‌شده است.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که مقدار اهمیت مؤلفه‌های اصلی در پارک اکولوژیکی به ترتیب امتیاز شامل پایداری زیست‌محیطی 89 درصد، پایداری اجتماعی - اقتصادی 55 درصد و پایداری کالبدی - عملکردی 57 درصد است، بنابراین بالاترین اولویت با متغیر پایداری زیست‌محیطی و کمترین اولویت پایداری اجتماعی - اقتصادی است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش بیان می‌کند که اولویت شاخص‌های پارک‌های اکولوژی در راستای ارتقای توسعه‌ی پایدار به ترتیب اولویت شامل پایداری انرژی - ساختمان اداری، پایداری انرژی - زیست‌محیطی، تنوع زیست بومی، حفاظت - زیست‌محیطی، رفاه و سلامت زیستی، عدالت اجتماعی، امنیت اقتصادی، مشارکت و حضورپذیری، انعطاف عملکردی، تنوع کالبدی، منظر سبز، تنوع مسیرها، حمل‌ونقل پایدار، پیاده مداری و خلاقیت عملکردی است. در کوه پارک مشهد در بین سه مؤلفه اصلی بیشترین امتیاز مربوط به پایداری زیست‌محیطی به دلیل وجود بستر طبیعی کوهستان و کمترین امتیاز پایداری اجتماعی اقتصادی است.
المصادر:
1- Nazmfar, H, Eshghi Chaharborj, A, and Alavi, S. Evaluation of urban development in urban settlements of East Azarbaijan province with an emphasis on the theoretical model of sustainable development. Geography and environmental sustainability, Geographical Research Journal, 2016; 7(22), 65-81.(In Persian)
2- Mahjoubifard, M., Fard, A.J., Eraghi, M.G., Amini, S., Hashemian, S.M., Farzanegan, B., samourian, A., & Fakheri, K.T. (2015). Does Airway Pressure Release Ventilation Mode Make Difference in Cardiopulmonary Function of ICU Patients. journal of cardio-thoracic medicine, 3, 375-378.
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4- Stoldt, M.; Göttert, T.; Mann, C.; Zeller, U. Transfrontier conservation areas and human-wildlife conflict: The case of the Namibian component of the Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) TFCA. Rep.2020, 10, 1–16.
5- Doli A, Bamwesigye D, Hlaváčková P, Fialová J, Kupec P, Asamoah O. Forest Park visitors opinions and willingness to pay for sustainable development of the Germia forest and recreational park. Sustainability [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Jul 16];13(6):3160. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/6/3160.
6- Kim E-Y, Lee J-A, Kim H-G, Chon J-H. The visitors characteristics of urban ecological park - the cases of gildong ecological park, yeouido tributary ecological park -. J Korean Inst Landsc Archit [Internet]. 2014;42(1):64–74. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.9715/kila.2014.42.1.064.
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8- Erfani, M: Bahraini, H: Tabibian, M. Explaining the process of realizing a sustainable landscape in the contemporary city by using the theory of landscape urbanization. Urban Studies Quarterly. 2018; 8 (30), 88-98. (In Persian)
9- Roorda N. Fundamentals of sustainable development. 3rd Edition. 3rd edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge; 2020.
10- M., L. Rubio-Andrada, M. S. Celemín-Pedroche & M. D. M. Alonso-Almeida (2019) Analysis of the relations between circular economy and sustainable development goals, International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 26:8, 708-720, DOI: 10.1080/13504509.2019.1666754.
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12- Lee, J. A., Kim, H. G., & Chon, J. H. Kim, E. Y., (2014). The visitors characteristics of urban ecological park-The cases of Gildong ecological park, Yeouido tributary ecological park. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 42(1), 64-74.
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20- Gladkikh T, Andrianova O. Clearfield: Sustainable tourism and architecture in a new Eco-park in Russia. In: Green Events and Green Tourism: an International Guide to Good Practice )2018).
21- Song L, Zhou X. Does the Green Industry Policy Reduce Industrial Pollution Emissions—Evidence from China’s National Eco-Industrial Park. Sustainability. 2021; 13(11):6343. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116343.
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24- Nath TK, Alauddin. Sitakunda Botanical Garden and Eco-park, Chittagong, Bangladesh: Its impacts on a rural community. Int J Biodivers Sci Manage [Internet]. 2006;2(1):1–11. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451590609618095.
25- Achmad MZ, Syeed Arifin SAI, Ahmad Fuad AF, Malik AA, Zainol I. Sustainability checklist for transport system plan for mangrove Eco-park. Int j mar eng innov res [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022 Jul 16];2(2).Available from: https://iptek.its.ac.id/index.php/ijmeir/article/view/3649.
26- Ishiyama Y, Tim Hsu Y-H, Jung S-J, Lee S-K. Comparative study of national parks in east Asia as environmental education institutions. Jpn J Environ Educ [Internet]. 2019;28(4):4_13-20.Available from:https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsoee/28/4/28_4_13/_article.
27- Norden, N., González‐M, R., Avella‐M, A., Salgado‐Negret, B., Alcázar, C., Rodríguez‐Buriticá, S., García, H. (2021). Building a socio‐ecological monitoring platform for the comprehensive management of tropical dry forests. Plants, People, Planet, 3(3), 238-248.
28- ArthuLoco G, (2018). History lesson, the story of xcaret eco-park.Loco Gringo News Website
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1- Nazmfar, H, Eshghi Chaharborj, A, and Alavi, S. Evaluation of urban development in urban settlements of East Azarbaijan province with an emphasis on the theoretical model of sustainable development. Geography and environmental sustainability, Geographical Research Journal, 2016; 7(22), 65-81.(In Persian)
2- Mahjoubifard, M., Fard, A.J., Eraghi, M.G., Amini, S., Hashemian, S.M., Farzanegan, B., samourian, A., & Fakheri, K.T. (2015). Does Airway Pressure Release Ventilation Mode Make Difference in Cardiopulmonary Function of ICU Patients. journal of cardio-thoracic medicine, 3, 375-378.
3- Mabibibi MA, Dube K, Thwala K. Successes and challenges in Sustainable Development Goals localisation for host communities around Kruger National Park. Sustainability [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Jul 16];13(10):5341. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/10/5341 .
4- Stoldt, M.; Göttert, T.; Mann, C.; Zeller, U. Transfrontier conservation areas and human-wildlife conflict: The case of the Namibian component of the Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) TFCA. Rep.2020, 10, 1–16.
5- Doli A, Bamwesigye D, Hlaváčková P, Fialová J, Kupec P, Asamoah O. Forest Park visitors opinions and willingness to pay for sustainable development of the Germia forest and recreational park. Sustainability [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Jul 16];13(6):3160. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/6/3160.
6- Kim E-Y, Lee J-A, Kim H-G, Chon J-H. The visitors characteristics of urban ecological park - the cases of gildong ecological park, yeouido tributary ecological park -. J Korean Inst Landsc Archit [Internet]. 2014;42(1):64–74. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.9715/kila.2014.42.1.064.
7- Saghatoleslami, S., Aminzadeh, B. (2013). a comparative study on the concept and design principles of iranian mahalleh and western neighborhood. hoviateshahr, 7(13), 33-44. https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/viewpaper.aspx?id=312653.
8- Erfani, M: Bahraini, H: Tabibian, M. Explaining the process of realizing a sustainable landscape in the contemporary city by using the theory of landscape urbanization. Urban Studies Quarterly. 2018; 8 (30), 88-98. (In Persian)
9- Roorda N. Fundamentals of sustainable development. 3rd Edition. 3rd edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge; 2020.
10- M., L. Rubio-Andrada, M. S. Celemín-Pedroche & M. D. M. Alonso-Almeida (2019) Analysis of the relations between circular economy and sustainable development goals, International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 26:8, 708-720, DOI: 10.1080/13504509.2019.1666754.
11- Hamdi-Asl, A., Amoozad-Khalili, H., Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R., Hajiaghaei-Keshteli, M. (2021). Toward sustainability in designing agricultural supply chain network: A case study on palm date. Scientia Iranica, -. doi: 10.24200/sci.2021.58302.5659.
12- Lee, J. A., Kim, H. G., & Chon, J. H. Kim, E. Y., (2014). The visitors characteristics of urban ecological park-The cases of Gildong ecological park, Yeouido tributary ecological park. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 42(1), 64-74.
13- Yin Z, Feng D. Landscape planning and design of zhanggongdi city park based on human ecology. iop conf ser earth environ sci [Internet]. 2021;760(1):012057. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/760/1/012057 .
14- Sunoto, Y. N., Ponrahono, Z., & Osman, M. M. (2020). profiling the perceived mangrove forest use value and community’s willingness to pay for mangrove conservation. Planning Malaysia, 18.
15- Koynova, T.. Comparative analysis of Nature Park Shumen Plateau and Shumen City Park as green spaces(2018). In Acta Scientifica Naturalis (Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 57–66). Walter de Gruyter GmbH. https://doi.org/10.2478/asn-2018-0021.
16- Inogwabini, Bila-Isia. Ecology and Sustainable Development. 2019.
17- Dudley N, Equilibrium Research, Ali N, Kettunen M, MacKinnon K, University of Queensland, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences. Protected areas and the sustainable development goals. parks [Internet]. 2017;23(2):9–12. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2017.parks-23-2nd.en European Environment Agency, Green infrastructure and territorial cohesion : the concept of green infrastructure and its integration into policies using monitoring systems, Publications Office, 2012.
18- Okasha, A., Mekkawy, A. Participatory eco-landscape design: the case of NRIAG eco-park in Helwan, Egypt. J. Eng. Appl. Sci. 68, 12 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-021-00012-0.
19- Osińska-Skotak K, Zawalich J. Analysis of land use changes of urban ventilation corridors in Warsaw in 1992-2015. Geogr Pol [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2022 Jul 13];89(3). Available:from:https://www.academia.edu/43790496/analysis_of_land_use_changes_of_urban_ventilation_corridors_in_warsaw_in_1992_2015.
20- Gladkikh T, Andrianova O. Clearfield: Sustainable tourism and architecture in a new Eco-park in Russia. In: Green Events and Green Tourism: an International Guide to Good Practice )2018).
21- Song L, Zhou X. Does the Green Industry Policy Reduce Industrial Pollution Emissions—Evidence from China’s National Eco-Industrial Park. Sustainability. 2021; 13(11):6343. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116343.
22- Shahr-saz Consulting Engineers and Shaarabad Boom Architects, design of event spaces in Mountain Park, Mashhad, 2019 . (In Persian)
23- Karakaş H. Start for sustainable development: Ecological footprint. In: Transitioning to Quality Education. MDPI; 2021.
24- Nath TK, Alauddin. Sitakunda Botanical Garden and Eco-park, Chittagong, Bangladesh: Its impacts on a rural community. Int J Biodivers Sci Manage [Internet]. 2006;2(1):1–11. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451590609618095.
25- Achmad MZ, Syeed Arifin SAI, Ahmad Fuad AF, Malik AA, Zainol I. Sustainability checklist for transport system plan for mangrove Eco-park. Int j mar eng innov res [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2022 Jul 16];2(2).Available from: https://iptek.its.ac.id/index.php/ijmeir/article/view/3649.
26- Ishiyama Y, Tim Hsu Y-H, Jung S-J, Lee S-K. Comparative study of national parks in east Asia as environmental education institutions. Jpn J Environ Educ [Internet]. 2019;28(4):4_13-20.Available from:https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsoee/28/4/28_4_13/_article.
27- Norden, N., González‐M, R., Avella‐M, A., Salgado‐Negret, B., Alcázar, C., Rodríguez‐Buriticá, S., García, H. (2021). Building a socio‐ecological monitoring platform for the comprehensive management of tropical dry forests. Plants, People, Planet, 3(3), 238-248.
28- ArthuLoco G, (2018). History lesson, the story of xcaret eco-park.Loco Gringo News Website
