مقایسه میزان و روند غلظت ذرات گرد و غبار در ارتباط با متغیر های اقلیمی در نیمه غربی ایران

الموضوعات :

ناهید محمودی مه پاش ¹ , بابک سوری ²

1 - کارشناس ارشد علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست دانشگاه کردستان
2 - دانشیار گروه محیط زیست دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه کردستان

تاريخ الإرسال : 25 السبت , شعبان, 1441 تاريخ التأكيد : 24 السبت , محرم, 1442 تاريخ الإصدار : 16 الخميس , صفر, 1443

الکلمات المفتاحية: غلظت گرد و غبار, تغییرات اقلیمی, نیمه غربی ایران,

ملخص المقالة :

زمینه و هدف: امروزه یکی از مشکلات و بحران های اساسی جوامع بشری وقوع پدیده گرد و غبار است. بنابراین در پژوهش حاضر به مقایسه غلظت گردوغبار در ارتباط با متغیرهای اقلیمی در سه شهر سنندج، خرم آباد و اندیمشک واقع در عرض های جغرافیایی مختلف در نیمه غربی ایران پرداخته شده است.روش بررسی: به منظور سنجش غلظت گرد و غبار از روش نمونه برداری غیر فعال استفاده شد. جهت ارزیابی روند تغییرات و ارتباط آنها با برخی از پارمترهای هواشناسی به ترتیب از روش آزمون من کندال و همبستگی پیرسون استفاده شد.یافته ها: یافته ها نشان داد بیشترین میانگین غلظت گرد و غبار شهرهای سنندج، خرم آباد و اندیمشک به ترتیب به میزان (48/45±0/1،84/14±0/1 و07/1±65/1) میلی گرم بر متر مربع بدست آمد. بررسی روند تغییرات غلظت گرد و غبار نشان داد در میان ایستگاه های مختلف ایستگاه سنندج دارای روند کاهشی در سطح معنی داری 95 درصد (047/0=P-value) می باشد. نتایج ارزیابی همبستگی بین مقادیر گرد و غبار سه ایستگاه با پارامترهای هواشناسی نشان داد، در ایستگاه سنندج بین غلظت گرد و غبار و میانگین دما رابطه مثبت وجود دارد (05/0 p <، 61/0 r =). اما بین غلظت گرد و غبار با رطوبت نسبی (05/0 p <،71/0=r) و بارش (05/0 >p،61/0=r) رابطه منفی مشاهده شد. بین غلظت گرد و غبار و سرعت باد در ایستگاههای خرم آباد (05/0 p <، 61/0=r) و اندیمشک (001/0 p <، 72/0=r) رابطه مثبت و معنادار وجود داشت.بحث و نتیجه گیری: براساس یافته هامی توان نتیجه گرفت مقادیر گرد و غبار در مناطق مختلف بسته به موقعیت جغرافیایی، شرایط توپوگرافی، اقلیمی، پارامترهای هواشناسی و همچنین منشاء آن ها نیز متفاوت است.

المصادر:

• H acatami-Manesh M, Mortazavi S, Solgi E, Mohtadi A. Assessing the capacity of trees and shrubs species tocumulate of particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5 and PM0.2). Iranian Journal of Health and Environment. 2019;12(1):1-16. eng.


• Brignole D, Drava G, Minganti V, Giordani P, Samson R, Vieira J, et al. Chemical and magnetic analyses on tree bark as an effective tool for biomonitoring: A case study in Lisbon (Portugal). Chemosphere. 2018;195:508-14.


• Song C, He J, Wu L, Jin T, Chen X, Li R, et al. Health burden attributable to ambient PM2. 5 in China. Environmental pollution. 2017;223:575-86.


• Su Y, Liang Y. The foliar uptake and downward translocation of trichloroethylene and 1, 2, 3-trichlorobenzene in air–plant–water systems. Journal of hazardous materials. 2013;252:300-5.


• Shahsavani A, Yarahmadi M, Jafarzade Haghighifard N, Naimabadie A, Mahmoudian MH, Saki H, et al. Dust Storms: Environmental and Health impacts. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2011;2(4):45-56. eng.


• Griffin DW. Atmospheric movement of microorganisms in clouds of desert dust and implications for human health. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2007;20(3):459-77.


• Wang Y, Stein AF, Draxler RR, Jesús D, Zhang X. Global sand and dust storms in 2008: Observation and HYSPLIT model verification. Atmospheric environment. 2011;45(35):6368-81.


• Goudarzi G, Shirmardi M, Naimabadi A, Ghadiri A, Sajedifar J. Chemical and organic characteristics of PM2. 5 particles and their in-vitro cytotoxic effects on lung cells: The Middle East dust storms in Ahvaz, Iran. Science of The Total Environment. 2019;655:434-45.


• Sielicki P, Janik H, Guzman A, Namieśnik J. The progress in electron microscopy studies of particulate matters to be used as a standard monitoring methodfor air dust pollution. Critical reviews in analytical chemistry. 2011;41(4):314-34.


• Fallah zazuli M, Vafaeinezhad A, Kheirkhah zarkesh MM, Ahmadi dehka F. Source routing of dust haze phenomenon in the west and southwest of Iran and its synoptic analysis by using remote sensing and GIS. Journal of RS and GIS for Natural Resources. 2014;5(4):61-78.


• Mehrabi S, Soltani S, Jafari R. Analyzing the Relationship Between Dust Storm Occurrence and Climatic Parameters. Journal of Water and Soil Science. 2015;19(71):69-81.


• Bauer SE, Im U, Mezuman K, Gao CY. Desert Dust, Industrialization, and Agricultural Fires: Health Impacts of Outdoor Air Pollution in Africa. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019;124(7):4104-20.


• Nadafi K, Nabizadeh N, Soltanianzadeh Z, Ehrampoush M. Evaluation of dustfall in the air of Yazd. 2006.


• Masatoshi Y. Climatology of yellow sand (Asian sand, Asian dust or Kosa) in East Asia. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences. 2002;45(1):59-70.


• Zarasvandi A, Moore F, Nazarpour A. Mineralogy and morphology of dust storms particles in Khuzestan Province: XRD and SEM analysis concerning. Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy. 2011;19 (3): 511-8.


• Ghahri F, Ranjbar Saadat Abadi A, Katiraie PS. A study on weather patterns and dust sources associated with sever dust events in the summer in the south west of Iran. Scientific Journal Management System. 2012;7 (1): 74-93.


• Kayet N, Pathak K, Chakrabarty A, Kumar S, Chowdary V, Singh C, et al. Assessment of foliar dust using Hyperion and Landsat satellite imagery for mine environmental monitoring in an open cast iron ore mining areas. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019;218:993-1006.


• Zeinali B. Investigation of frequency changes trend of days with dust storms in western half of Iran. Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards. 2016;5 (7): 87-100.


• Hojati S, Khademi H, Cano AF, Landi A. Characteristics of dust deposited along a transect between central Iran and the Zagros Mountains. Catena. 2012; 88 1:27-36.


• Verma SK, Deb MK, Suzuki Y, Tsai YI. Ion chemistry and source identification of coarse and fine aerosols in an urban area of eastern central India. Atmospheric Research. 2010;95 (1):65-76.


• Gao Z, Wang X, Shen L, Xiang H, Wang H. Characteristics of Aerosol Chemical Compositions and Size Distributions during a Long-Range Dust Transport Episode in an Urban City in the Yangtze River Delta. Atmosphere. 2019;10(2):68.


• Ta W, Xiao H, Qu J, Xiao Z, Yang G, Wang T, et al. Measurements of dust deposition in Gansu Province, China, 1986–2000. Geomorphology. 2004;57 (1-2):41-51.


• Feng-D Zh, Jie-X G, Zakey A, Giorgy F. Effects of climate changes on dust aerosol over East Asia from RegCM3. Advances in Climate Change Research. 2016. 1-9.

 

- Hatami-Manesh M, Mortazavi S, Solgi
E, Mohtadi A. Assessing the capacity of
trees and shrubs species to accumulate of
particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5 and
PM0.2). Iranian Journal of Health and
Environment. 2019;12(1):1-16. eng.
2- Brignole D, Drava G, Minganti V,
Giordani P, Samson R, Vieira J, et al.
Chemical and magnetic analyses on tree
bark as an effective tool for
biomonitoring: A case study in Lisbon
(Portugal). Chemosphere. 2018;195:508-
14.
3- Song C, He J, Wu L, Jin T, Chen X, Li R,
et al. Health burden attributable to
ambient PM2. 5 in China. Environmental
pollution. 2017;223:575-86.
4- Su Y, Liang Y. The foliar uptake and
downward translocation of
trichloroethylene and 1, 2, 3-
trichlorobenzene in air–plant–water
systems. Journal of hazardous materials.
2013;252:300-5.
5- Shahsavani A, Yarahmadi M, Jafarzade
Haghighifard N, Naimabadie A,
Mahmoudian MH, Saki H, et al. Dust
Storms: Environmental and Health
impacts. Journal of North Khorasan
University of Medical Sciences. 
28 فصلنامه انسان و محیط زیست، شماره58 ،پاییز1400 ،صص 17-29 محمودی مه پاش و همکار
2011;2(4):45-56. eng.
6- Griffin DW. Atmospheric movement of
microorganisms in clouds of desert dust
and implications for human health.
Clinical microbiology reviews.
2007;20(3):459-77.
7- Wang Y, Stein AF, Draxler RR, Jesús D,
Zhang X. Global sand and dust storms in
2008: Observation and HYSPLIT model
verification. Atmospheric environment.
2011;45(35):6368-81.
8- Goudarzi G, Shirmardi M, Naimabadi A,
Ghadiri A, Sajedifar J. Chemical and
organic characteristics of PM2. 5
particles and their in-vitro cytotoxic
effects on lung cells: The Middle East
dust storms in Ahvaz, Iran. Science of
The Total Environment. 2019;655:434-
45.
9- Sielicki P, Janik H, Guzman A,
Namieśnik J. The progress in electron
microscopy studies of particulate matters
to be used as a standard monitoring
methodfor air dust pollution. Critical
reviews in analytical chemistry.
2011;41(4):314-34.
10- Fallah zazuli M, Vafaeinezhad A,
Kheirkhah zarkesh MM, Ahmadi dehka
F. Source routing of dust haze
phenomenon in the west and southwest
of Iran and its synoptic analysis by using
remote sensing and GIS. Journal of RS
and GIS for Natural Resources.
2014;5(4):61-78.
11- Mehrabi S, Soltani S, Jafari R. Analyzing
the Relationship Between Dust Storm
Occurrence and Climatic Parameters.
Journal of Water and Soil Science.
20 .81-69:)71(19;15eng.
12- Bauer SE, Im U, Mezuman K, Gao CY.
Desert Dust, Industrialization, and
Agricultural Fires: Health Impacts of
Outdoor Air Pollution in Africa. Journal
of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres.
2019;124(7):4104-20.
13- Nadafi K, Nabizadeh N, Soltanianzadeh
Z, Ehrampoush M. Evaluation of dustfall
in the air of Yazd. 2006.
14- Masatoshi Y. Climatology of yellow
sand (Asian sand, Asian dust or Kosa) in
East Asia. Science in China Series D:
Earth Sciences. 2002;45(1):59-70.
15- Zarasvandi A, Moore F, Nazarpour A.
Mineralogy and morphology of dust
storms particles in Khuzestan Province:
XRD and SEM analysis concerning.
Iranian Journal of Crystallography and
Mineralogy. 2011;19 (3): 511-8.
16- Ghahri F, Ranjbar Saadat Abadi A,
Katiraie PS. A study on weather patterns
and dust sources associated with sever
dust events in the summer in the south
west of Iran. Scientific Journal
Management System. 2012;7 (1): 74-93.
17- Kayet N, Pathak K, Chakrabarty A,
Kumar S, Chowdary V, Singh C, et al.
Assessment of foliar dust using Hyperion
and Landsat satellite imagery for mine
environmental monitoring in an open
cast iron ore mining areas. Journal of
Cleaner Production. 2019;218:993-1006.
18- Zeinali B. Investigation of frequency
changes trend of days with dust storms in
western half of Iran. Journal of Natural
Environmental Hazards. 2016;5 (7): 87-
100.
19- Hojati S, Khademi H, Cano AF, Landi A.
Characteristics of dust deposited along a
transect between central Iran and the 
مقایسه میزان و روند غلظت ذرات گرد و غبار در.... 29
Zagros Mountains. Catena. 2012; 88
1:27-36.
20- Verma SK, Deb MK, Suzuki Y, Tsai YI.
Ion chemistry and source identification
of coarse and fine aerosols in an urban
area of eastern central India.
Atmospheric Research. 2010;95 (1):65-
76.
21- Gao Z, Wang X, Shen L, Xiang H, Wang
H. Characteristics of Aerosol Chemical
Compositions and Size Distributions
during a Long-Range Dust Transport
Episode in an Urban City in the Yangtze
River Delta. Atmosphere. 2019;10(2):68.
22- Ta W, Xiao H, Qu J, Xiao Z, Yang G,
Wang T, et al. Measurements of dust
deposition in Gansu Province, China,
1986–2000. Geomorphology. 2004;57
(1-2):41-51.
23- Feng-D Zh, Jie-X G, Zakey A, Giorgy F.
Effects of climate changes on dust
aerosol ove