بررسی وضعیت تفکیک از مبدأ پسماند شهری در شهر زنجان
الموضوعات :
فرزانه قرجه لو
1
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، علوم محیط زیست)
یونس خسروی
2
(استادیار دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، گروه علوم محیط زیست)
عبدالحسین پری زنگنه
3
(استاد دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، گروه علوم محیط زیست)
عباسعلی زمانی
4
(استادیار دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، گروه علوم محیط زیست)
تاريخ الإرسال : 25 الثلاثاء , رمضان, 1438
تاريخ التأكيد : 04 الأحد , ذو الحجة, 1443
تاريخ الإصدار : 18 الإثنين , شعبان, 1443
الکلمات المفتاحية:
زنجان,
تفکیک زباله از مبدا,
پسماند تر و خشک,
پرسش نامه,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: تفکیک زباله ها به عنوان نخستین مرحله از برنامه مدیریتی کارآمد جهت کاهش اثرات تخریبی پسماندهای شهری است. لذا هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی وضعیت تفکیک از مبدأ پسماند های شهری و ارایه راهکار هایی در جهت افزایش مشارکت مردم در نظر گرفته شد.
روش بررسی: جامعه آماری، شهروندان منطقه‌های سه‌گانه شهر زنجان می‌باشند. بدین منظور 450 پرسش نامه تهیه و براساس نمونه گیری خوشه‌ای تصادفی توزیع به صورت مصاحبه حضوری تکمیل گردید. داده ها در جداول فراوانی خلاصه و به کمک روش های آماری توصیفی و تحلیلی دانکن(Duncan) و مان ویتنی (Mann Whitney)، کای اسکوار(Chi-square)، رابطه‌ها و تفاوت بین متغیرها مشخص گردید. در تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزارهای اس پی اس اس(SPPS20) و اکسل(Excel) استفاده شده است.
یافته ها: داده‌های مطالعه حاضر نشان می‌دهد که حدود 70% از شهروندان در شهر زنجان برای اجرای طرح تفکیک از مبدأ اعلام آمادگی دارند، درصورتی که در حال حاضر فقط در 38% از جامعه‌ی آماری مورد مطالعه تفکیک صورت می گیرد. مهم ترین دلیل شهروندان برای انجام این طرح، افزایش نظافت شهر و حفاظت از محیط زیست (60%) و مهم ترین دلیل عدم انجام تفکیک، نبود امکانات لازم درسطح شهر (50%) عنوان شد. سطح آموزش دریافتی90 % از مردم ضعیف یا بسیارضعیف، و رضایت در 7% از جامعه از آموزش و اطلاع‌رسانی رسانه‌ها در خصوص طرح تفکیک می‌باشد که نشان از عمکلرد ضعیف مدیریت بازیافت است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: یافته های پژوهش حاکی از وجود عامل‌هایی است که در میزان آگاهی از طرح تفکیک افراد جامعه تاثیرگذار می باشند. از جمله عامل‌های تاثیرگذار سطح سواد، میزان درآمد، منطقه سکونت است. هم چنین بین عامل های جنسیت افراد، وضیعت تاهل و سن رابطه معناداری مشاهده نشد.
المصادر:
1- Xiao Y, Bai X, Ouyang Z, Zheng H, Xinq F., 2007. The composition, trend and impact of urban solid waste in beijing. Environ Monit Assess, 135(1-3), pp. 21-30.
2- Fahiminia, M., Farzadkia, M., Nazari, S., Arsang Jang, S., Soudabeh Matboo, A., Ibrahimi, A., Bidekhti, M., 2013. Evaluation of the Status of Citizen Participation in Municipal Waste Source Separation Plan and Offering Corrective Strategies. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 7, 66-72 [in Persian]
3- Mottaqi, M .; Salmani, J .; Mostafaei, Gholamreza,"Waste management status in hospitals under the auspices of Kashan University of Medical Sciences", journal of holistic nursing and midwifery, 24 (72), pp. 58-49 [in Persian]
4- Abdoli, M., Jalali Ghazi Zadeh, M., 2007. assessment of modern techniques adaptation capability in solid waste management in iran. journal of environmental studies, 33(42), pp.51-62. [in persian]
5- Yang L, Li ZS, Fu HZ., 2011. Model of municipal solid waste source separation activity: A case study of beijing. J Air Waste Manag Assoc, 61(2), pp. 157-63.
6- Odile Schwarz-Herion, Abdelnaser Omran, Hans Peter Rapp., 2000. A case study on successful municipal solid waste management in industrialized countries by the example of Karlsruhe city, Germany. J Engineering Annals of Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara, pp. 266-273
7- Persson A., 2006. Characterizing the policy instrument mixes for municipal waste in Sweden and England. Environ Policy Governance, 16 (4), pp. 213–231.
8- Zhen-shan L, Lei Y, Xiao-Yan Q, Yu-mei., 2009. Municipal solid waste management in Beijing city. Waste Manag;29,pp. 2596-9.
9- Jokela JP, Kettunen RH, Rintala JA., 2002. Methane and leachate pollutant emission potential from various fractions of municipal solid waste (msw): Effects of source separation and aerobic treatment. Waste Manag Res
10- Nawazi, Azadeh and Nawazi, Samira., 2012, Municipal Solid Waste Management with Emphasis on Reducing Waste Production at Source, Sixth National Conference and Specialized Exhibition of Environmental Engineering, Tehran [in Persian]
11- Ludwig C, hellweg S and Stucki Municipal., 2003, solid waste management. Springer- verlag Berlin Heidelberg.new York, pp. 51-52.
12- Sahraei, R., Methods and techniques of public participation management in improving the status of municipal waste, Sixth National Conference on Environmental Engineering., 2012, Tehran, Iran. [in Persian]
13- Jones Nikoleta., 2011. Contantinos and Costas M. Sophoulis, Socical capital and household soild waste managemant policies: acase study in Mytilene, Greece, Environmental Politics, 20(2), pp. 264-283.
14- Vicente P, Reis E., 2008. Factors influencing households' participation in recycling.Waste Manag Res. 26(2), pp. 140-6.
15- M, Williams I.D., 2006. Clark M. Social, culturalandstructural influences on household waste recycliing: A case study, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 48 (4), pp. 357–395
16- Abtahi, M.; Saeedi, R.; Nasrullah Boroujerdi, M.; Farrokhifar, AS; Bayat, A., Ali Asgari, F., (2015). Public awareness, education and participation in solid waste management in Tehran, Journal of Health in the Field, 3 (2), pp. 16-7. [in Persian]
17- Taghvaei, M., Mousavi, M.N., Kazemizad, S., Ghanbari, H., 2012. municipal solid waste management, a step towards sustainable development case study: zanjan city. urban-regional studies and research , 3 (12), pp. 9-13 [in Persian]
18- Pargal, S., Huq, M. and Gilligan, D.O., 2000. Private Provision of a Public Good: Social Capital and Solid Waste Management in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
19- Ahmadi, N.; Zarghami, M.; Safaei Shakib, S., Dargah, A.; Samadi, Sh., 2013. Study of public participation in Hamedan, separation plan from the source of solid waste, 3rd International Conference on Environmental Management, Tehran, Iran.[in Persian]
20- Statistics Center of Iran, General Census of Population and Housing of Zanjan, 2014. [in Persian]
21- Shams Khoramabadi, g., Pourzamani, h.r., 2007. Role of general people in solid waste management in Khorramabad city. Scientific magazine yafte, 8, pp. 25-30. [in Persian]
22- Ghanbari, AH; Arshi, Sh; Lumbar, m; Soroushzadeh, M., 2015. Strategic factors of waste management, awareness and participation of citizens in the third district of Tehran Municipality, Journal of the Center for Research on Social Factors Affecting Health, 2 (3), pp. 149-156. [in Persian]
23- Metin, E., Eröztürk, A. and Neyim, C., 2003. Solid waste management practices and review of recovery and recycling operations in Turkey. Waste management, 23(5), pp.425-432.
24- Ansari, H; Fatemeh Rakhshani, H.; kebriai, A; Kordmastafipour, F., 2008. Survey of the views of women in District 3 of Zahedan on methods to encourage people to participate in solid waste recycling project, 3rd National Congress on Recycling and Use of Renewable Organic Resources in Agriculture, Khorasgan, Isfahan. [in Persian]
25- Bigdeli, S; Soltani, F., 1987. Survey of information, views and practices of people in relation to urban waste management in District 1 of Najafabad in the summer of 1986, 3rd National Congress on Recycling and Use of Renewable Organic Resources in Agriculture, Khorasgan, Isfahan. [in Persian]
26- Afroz, R., Hanaki, K., Tuddin, R. and Ayup, K., 2010. A survey of recycling behaviour in households in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Waste Management & Research, 28(6), pp.552-560.
27- Fiorillo, D., 2013. Household waste recycling: national survey evidence from Italy. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 56(8), pp.1125-1151.
28- Tadesse, T., 2009. Environmental concern and its implication to household waste separation and disposal: Evidence from Mekelle, Ethiopia. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 53(4), pp.183-191.
29- Taqwa'i, M.; Babansab, R; Mousavi, Ch., 2009. An Analysis of Assessing the Factors Affecting Citizens' Participation in Urban Management: A Case Study of Region 4 of Tabriz City, Urban and Regional Studies and Research, 1(2), pp. 19-36. [in Persian]
_||_
1- Xiao Y, Bai X, Ouyang Z, Zheng H, Xinq F., 2007. The composition, trend and impact of urban solid waste in beijing. Environ Monit Assess, 135(1-3), pp. 21-30.
2- Fahiminia, M., Farzadkia, M., Nazari, S., Arsang Jang, S., Soudabeh Matboo, A., Ibrahimi, A., Bidekhti, M., 2013. Evaluation of the Status of Citizen Participation in Municipal Waste Source Separation Plan and Offering Corrective Strategies. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 7, 66-72 [in Persian]
3- Mottaqi, M .; Salmani, J .; Mostafaei, Gholamreza,"Waste management status in hospitals under the auspices of Kashan University of Medical Sciences", journal of holistic nursing and midwifery, 24 (72), pp. 58-49 [in Persian]
4- Abdoli, M., Jalali Ghazi Zadeh, M., 2007. assessment of modern techniques adaptation capability in solid waste management in iran. journal of environmental studies, 33(42), pp.51-62. [in persian]
5- Yang L, Li ZS, Fu HZ., 2011. Model of municipal solid waste source separation activity: A case study of beijing. J Air Waste Manag Assoc, 61(2), pp. 157-63.
6- Odile Schwarz-Herion, Abdelnaser Omran, Hans Peter Rapp., 2000. A case study on successful municipal solid waste management in industrialized countries by the example of Karlsruhe city, Germany. J Engineering Annals of Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara, pp. 266-273
7- Persson A., 2006. Characterizing the policy instrument mixes for municipal waste in Sweden and England. Environ Policy Governance, 16 (4), pp. 213–231.
8- Zhen-shan L, Lei Y, Xiao-Yan Q, Yu-mei., 2009. Municipal solid waste management in Beijing city. Waste Manag;29,pp. 2596-9.
9- Jokela JP, Kettunen RH, Rintala JA., 2002. Methane and leachate pollutant emission potential from various fractions of municipal solid waste (msw): Effects of source separation and aerobic treatment. Waste Manag Res
10- Nawazi, Azadeh and Nawazi, Samira., 2012, Municipal Solid Waste Management with Emphasis on Reducing Waste Production at Source, Sixth National Conference and Specialized Exhibition of Environmental Engineering, Tehran [in Persian]
11- Ludwig C, hellweg S and Stucki Municipal., 2003, solid waste management. Springer- verlag Berlin Heidelberg.new York, pp. 51-52.
12- Sahraei, R., Methods and techniques of public participation management in improving the status of municipal waste, Sixth National Conference on Environmental Engineering., 2012, Tehran, Iran. [in Persian]
13- Jones Nikoleta., 2011. Contantinos and Costas M. Sophoulis, Socical capital and household soild waste managemant policies: acase study in Mytilene, Greece, Environmental Politics, 20(2), pp. 264-283.
14- Vicente P, Reis E., 2008. Factors influencing households' participation in recycling.Waste Manag Res. 26(2), pp. 140-6.
15- M, Williams I.D., 2006. Clark M. Social, culturalandstructural influences on household waste recycliing: A case study, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 48 (4), pp. 357–395
16- Abtahi, M.; Saeedi, R.; Nasrullah Boroujerdi, M.; Farrokhifar, AS; Bayat, A., Ali Asgari, F., (2015). Public awareness, education and participation in solid waste management in Tehran, Journal of Health in the Field, 3 (2), pp. 16-7. [in Persian]
17- Taghvaei, M., Mousavi, M.N., Kazemizad, S., Ghanbari, H., 2012. municipal solid waste management, a step towards sustainable development case study: zanjan city. urban-regional studies and research , 3 (12), pp. 9-13 [in Persian]
18- Pargal, S., Huq, M. and Gilligan, D.O., 2000. Private Provision of a Public Good: Social Capital and Solid Waste Management in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
19- Ahmadi, N.; Zarghami, M.; Safaei Shakib, S., Dargah, A.; Samadi, Sh., 2013. Study of public participation in Hamedan, separation plan from the source of solid waste, 3rd International Conference on Environmental Management, Tehran, Iran.[in Persian]
20- Statistics Center of Iran, General Census of Population and Housing of Zanjan, 2014. [in Persian]
21- Shams Khoramabadi, g., Pourzamani, h.r., 2007. Role of general people in solid waste management in Khorramabad city. Scientific magazine yafte, 8, pp. 25-30. [in Persian]
22- Ghanbari, AH; Arshi, Sh; Lumbar, m; Soroushzadeh, M., 2015. Strategic factors of waste management, awareness and participation of citizens in the third district of Tehran Municipality, Journal of the Center for Research on Social Factors Affecting Health, 2 (3), pp. 149-156. [in Persian]
23- Metin, E., Eröztürk, A. and Neyim, C., 2003. Solid waste management practices and review of recovery and recycling operations in Turkey. Waste management, 23(5), pp.425-432.
24- Ansari, H; Fatemeh Rakhshani, H.; kebriai, A; Kordmastafipour, F., 2008. Survey of the views of women in District 3 of Zahedan on methods to encourage people to participate in solid waste recycling project, 3rd National Congress on Recycling and Use of Renewable Organic Resources in Agriculture, Khorasgan, Isfahan. [in Persian]
25- Bigdeli, S; Soltani, F., 1987. Survey of information, views and practices of people in relation to urban waste management in District 1 of Najafabad in the summer of 1986, 3rd National Congress on Recycling and Use of Renewable Organic Resources in Agriculture, Khorasgan, Isfahan. [in Persian]
26- Afroz, R., Hanaki, K., Tuddin, R. and Ayup, K., 2010. A survey of recycling behaviour in households in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Waste Management & Research, 28(6), pp.552-560.
27- Fiorillo, D., 2013. Household waste recycling: national survey evidence from Italy. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 56(8), pp.1125-1151.
28- Tadesse, T., 2009. Environmental concern and its implication to household waste separation and disposal: Evidence from Mekelle, Ethiopia. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 53(4), pp.183-191.
29- Taqwa'i, M.; Babansab, R; Mousavi, Ch., 2009. An Analysis of Assessing the Factors Affecting Citizens' Participation in Urban Management: A Case Study of Region 4 of Tabriz City, Urban and Regional Studies and Research, 1(2), pp. 19-36. [in Persian]
