ارزیابی و رتبه‌بندی محلات شهری براساس شاخص‌های امنیتی شهر هوشمند مطالعه موردی؛ محلات شهر زنجان
الموضوعات :جلیل محمدی 1 , علیرضا محمدی 2 , عطا غفاری گیلانده 3 , محمدحسن یزدانی 4
1 - دانش آموخته دکتری جغرافیاوبرنامه ریزی شهری،دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی،اردبیل،ایران
2 - دانشیارجغرافیا وبرنامه ریز شهری،دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی،اردبیل ،ایران
3 - استاد جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی شهری،دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی،اردبیل، ایران
4 - استاد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی،اردبیل،ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: امنیت هوشمند, شهر زنجان, مدل ویکور, شهر هوشمند, سامانة اطلاعات جغرافیایی,
ملخص المقالة :
شهرهای جهان به دلیل افزایش جمعیت و پیچیده‌تر شدن، دشواری‌های بیشتری در راه تحقق امنیت دارند. هدف از این پژوهش لزوم توجه به نظریۀ شهر هوشمند به عنوان یک راه‌حل به منظور ارتقاء امنیت در شهرها و ارائۀ راهکارهای هوشمندانه بوده است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی - تحلیلی است. از 30 شاخص در قالب 6 معیار اصلی، برای سنجش، رتبه‌بندی و تحلیل محلات 57 گانة شهرزنجان استفاده شده است. با استفاده از روش کوکران نمونه‌گیری به تعداد 400 نمونه انجام شده است. از روش ضریب پراکندگی (CV) و مدل ویکور(VIKOR) در محیط سامانة اطلاعات جغرافیایی(GIS) برای تجزیه و تحلیل و رتبه‌بندی محلات استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که در مجموع شاخص‌ها، از تعداد 57 محله شهر زنجان، 11 محله دارای وضعیت کاملاً نامطلوب، 24 محله دارای وضعیت نامطلوب، 17 محله در وضعیت تا حدی مطلوب و 5 محله در وضعیت مطلوب از نظر شاخص‌های امنیتی قرار دارند. و به صورت کلی 54 درصد محلات شهر دارای وضعیت نامطلوب از نظر معیارهای امنیتی هوشمند شهر هستند.
Arpan, Kumar Kar, Manmohan, Prasad Gupta, P. Vigneswara, Ilavarasan and Yogesh, K. Dwivedi (2017), ADVANCES IN SMART CITIES SMARTER PEOPLE, GOVERNANCE, AND SOLUTIONS, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
Bakici, T., Almirall, E., & Wareham, J. (2013), A Smart City Initiative: The Case of Barcelona. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 4(2), 135-148.
Bora, Ashwini A., Snehal Kapsikar and Pooja Kelani (2018) Security and Privacy in Smart City Applications: Challenges and Solutions, IETE, ISSN: 2277-9477.
Boyle, Julie & Dr. Findlay, Catherine and Forsyth, Leslie (2001), An Investigation into Women’s Perceptions of Fear and the Design of the Urban Environment, Open space, Edinburgh College of Art, School of Architecture, Tourism Management, p 5-16, London.
Breton, Vahid (2008), Factors Affecting Local Development with Emphasis on Security: Comparative Study of Amirkhiz and dompezeshki Neighborhoods in Tabriz, Master's Thesis, Tabriz University. [In Persian]
Brownlow ,Alec(2005), A geography of men’s fear, Department of Geography and Urban Studies , Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Geoforum 36, www.elsevier.com/locate/geoforum.
Calavia, Lorena, Carlos Baladrón, Javier M. Aguiar, Belén Carro and Antonio Sánchez-Esguevillas (2012), A Semantic Autonomous Video Surveillance System for Dense Camera Networks in Smart Cities, Sensors journal 2012, 12, Pp. 10407-10429.
Caragliu, A., Bo, C. D., & Nijkamp, P. (2009), Smart cities in Europe. Business Administration and Econometrics, Series: Serie Research Memoranda number 0048.
Cavada, M., Hunt, D.V. and Rogers, C.D.: Do smart cities realise their potential for lower carbon dioxide emissions? In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability, (2015), ISSN 1478-4629, doi: 10.1680/ jensu.15.00032.
Center for Statistics of Iran (2016). [In Persian]
Cesar, Cerrudo, Mohamad Amin Hasbini & Brian Russell (2015), Cyber Security Guidelines for Smart City Technology Adoption, securing smart city.
Colding, J. & Barthel, S. (2017) “An urban ecology critique on the ‘Smart City’ model -ScienceDirect,” J. of Cleaner Production, vol. 164, no. 5 October 2017, pp. 95–101.
Ebrahimzadeh, Issa, Mohammad Eskandari-Sani and Morteza Esmael Nejad (2010), Application of factor analysis in explaining the spatial pattern of regional development and development in Iran, Geography and development journal, Period 2, No 17, pp. 28 – 7. [In Persian]
Eftekhari, Asghar (2002), Structure and Secularization of Security, Strategic Studies Quarterly, Vol. 5, No. 15, pp. 30-11. [In Persian]
Elmaghraby, Adel S. (2013) SECURITY AND PRIVACY IN THE SMART CITY, 6th Ajman International Urban Planning Conference - City & Security, 11-14 March 2013.
Fagihi, Mahdi, Siavash Chavoshi, Roya Bagheri, Mani Mansourian, Mahyar Sharaft and Seyyed Emad Mahmoudi (2016), Smart City and its legal requirements, Islamic Republic of Iran Parliamentary Research Center publication. [In Persian]
Filipponi, L., Vitaletti, A., Landi, G., Memeo, V., Laura, G. and Pucci, P. (2010), Smart City: An Event Driven Architecture for Monitoring Public Spaces with Heterogeneous Sensors, DOI: 10.1109/ SENSORCOMM.2010.50.
Garaei, Fariba, Nafissade Rad Jahanbani and Nazila Rashidpour (2010), Survey and Measurement of Sense of Security in Urban Areas Case Study; 2 and 11 Regions of Tehran, Armanshahr, No. 4, pp. 32-17. [In Persian]
Giffinger, R., and H. Gudrun. (2010). Smart cities ranking: An effective instrument for the positioning of the cities? http://upcommons.upc.edu/handle/2099/8550.
Harrison, C., Eckman, B., Hamilton, R., Hartswick, P., Kalagnanam, J., Paraszczak, J., & Williams, P. (2010), Foundations for Smarter Cities. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 54(4). DOI: 10.1147/JRD.2010.2048257.
Hosseini, Narges Sadat and Nematollah Narouqeh (1398) Explanation and Analysis of Increasing Social Security in the Light of Applying Intelligent Surveillance System, Social Policy Research, Volume 11, Number 1, 142-129. [In Persian]
ISO/IEC JTC 1 Information technology, Smart cities Preliminary Report (2014), [Online]. Available: http://www.iso.org/iso/smart_cities_report-jtc1.pdf.
ITU/UNESCOO Events on Smart Sustainable Cities (2014), Montevideo, Uruguay,11-14 March 2014.
Kamran, Hasan and Ali Shoaa Barabadi (2010), Urban Survey in Border Towns Case Study; Tahyebad, Geography Quarterly, New Year, Eighth, No 25, Pages 46-25. [In Persian]
Kesswani, Nishtha & Kumar, Sanjay (2018) The Smart-X model for Smart Cities, 42nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Software & Applications, 0730-3157/18IEEE.
Kitchin, Rob and Martin Dodge (2017) The (in)security of smart cities: vulnerabilities, risks, mitigation and prevention, The Programmable City Working Paper 24.
Komninos, N., Pallot, M., & Schaffers, H. (2013), Special Issue on Smart Cities and the Future Internet in Europe. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 4(2), 119-134.
Krichen, Moez, Mariam Lahami, Omar Cheikhrouhou, Roobaea Alroobaea and Afef Jmal Maâlej (2020) Security Testing of Internet of Things for Smart City Applications: A Formal Approach, EAI, Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13705-2_26.
Lara, A. P., Costa, E. M., Furlani, T. Z., & Yigitcanlar, T. (2016). Smartness that matters: Towards a comprehensive and human-centred characterisation of smart cities. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 2, 8.
Laufs J, Borrion H, Bradford B, Security and the Smart City: A Systematic Review, Sustainable Cities and Society (2020), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102023.
Lonien, J. (2015), Technical Standards in the city context: OUTDATED CONCEPT OR ENABLER? DIN - German Institute for Standardization. Slideshow. [Online]. Available: http://www.eera-sc.eu/sites/eera-sc.eu/files/attachments/smart_cities_and_standardization_joachim_lonien_2015-11-19, pdf.
Lubuva, John and Mtani, Anna (2004), Urban Space and Security: A Case of the Dares Salaam, Safety Audits for Women, Dares Salaam, Tanzania, 13-17.
Meyliana, Fredy Purnomo & Prabowo, Harjanto (2016) Smart City Indicators: A Systematic Literature Review, Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Vol. 8 No. 3.
Nawid Nia, Manijeh (2010), Security Priority of Citizens in Different Areas of Tehran, Quarterly Journal of Human Geography, Second Year, No. 2, pp. 99-87. [In Persian]
Nobakht, Paideh and Amir Masoud Aminian Modares (2015), Threats and Risks of the Smart Network, 10th International Energy Conference, Tehran. [In Persian]
Partridge, H. (2008), Developing a human perspective to the digital divide in the smart city. In Proceedings of the Biennial Conference of Australian Library and information Association (Queensland, Australia, Sep 21-24).
Persian Dictionary of Amid (1991). [In Persian]
Reys, Nicolas (2016), SMART CITIES AND CYBER THREATS, Control Risks Group Limited.
Rios, P. (2020). Creating “the smart city”. http://archive.udmercy.edu:8080/bitstream/handle/10429/393/2008.
Rothrock, Sara E. (2010), ، Antiterrorism design and public safety: reconciling CPTED with the post، Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning.
Saremi, Hamid Reza (2010), An Analysis of the Role of Social Issues in City Insecurity from the Point of View of Islam, hoviat shahr, Fourth Year, No. 6, pp. 118-107. [In Persian]
Sarvgadi, Neda and Hasan Shakeri (2017), A model for assessing the reliability of data sources to improve the quality and security of data on the Internet. Objects for Smart City, The First Symposium on Intelligent City and Internet of Things, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. [In Persian]
Silva, Bhagya, Khan, Nathali Murad & Han, Kijun (2018) Towards sustainable smart cities: A review of trends, architectures, components in smart cities, Sustainable Cities and Society, 38, 697–713.
Taylor, R. D., & Schejter, A. M. (Eds.). (2013), European Broadband Spending: Implications of Input-Output Analysis and Opportunity Costs. New York: Fordham University Press.
Tokody, Daniel & Schuster, György (2015), Driving Forces Behind Smart City Implementations - The Next Smart Revolution, Emerging Research and Solutions in ICT 1(2):1–16.
Trevor Braun, Benjamin C.M. Fung, Farkhund Iqbal, Babar Shah, (2018) Security and Privacy Challenges in Smart Cities, Sustainable Cities and Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.02.039.
Washburn, D., Sindhu, U., Balaouras, S., Dines, R. A., Hayes, N. M., & Nelson, L. E. (2010), Helping CIOs Understand “Smart City” Initiatives: Defining the Smart City, Its Drivers, and the Role of the CIO. Cambridge, MA: Forrester Research, Inc.
Yigitcanlar, Tan, Kamruzzaman, Md, Buys, Laurie & Perveen, Sajida (2018), SMART CITIES OF THE SUNSHINE STATE, Prominent Smart Urban Technologies, 10(22).
Zhang, Kuan Jianbing Ni, Kan Yang, Xiaohui Liang, Ju Ren, and Xuemin (Sherman) Shen (2017) Security and Privacy in Smart City Applications: Challenges and Solutions, IEEE, 0163-6804/17.
