اثربخشی روان درمانی پویشی فشرده و کوتاه مدت بر کاهش علائم و مکانیسم های دفاعی اختلالات شخصیت خوشه C
الموضوعات :
بهمن معظمی گودرزی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قم،قم،ایران)
نادر منیرپور
2
(استادیار گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قم،قم،ایران)
حسن میرزاحسینی
3
(استادیار گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قم،قم،ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: روان‌درمانی پویشی فشرده و کوتاه‌مدت, اختلال شخصیت وسواس-اجباری, مکانیسم‌های دفاعی,
ملخص المقالة :
چکیده این پژوهش با هدف اثربخشی روان‌درمانی پویشی فشرده و کوتاه-مدت (ISTDP) بر کاهش علایم و مکانیسم‌های دفاعی اختلالات شخصیت خوشۀ C انجام شد. این پژوهش در زمرۀ پژوهش‌های شبه‌آزمایشی با طرح تک‌آزمودنی (A-B-A) بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را تمامی افراد مبتلا به اختلال‌های شخصیت خوشۀ C در شهر تهران در سال 1398 تشکیل می‌دادند. از میان جامعه آماری فوق، 9 نفر که تشخیص سه اختلال شخصیت وابسته، وسواسی-جبری و اجتنابی را بر اساس سیاهۀ چند محوری بالینی میلون-3 (MCMI-III) و مصاحبۀ روان‌پزشکی بر اساس ملاک‌های DSM-5 دریافت می‌کردند به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. ابزار مورد استفاده در این پژوهش عبارت بودند از: سیاهۀ چند محوری بالینی میلون-3 (Millon, 1977)، پرسشنامۀ سبک دفاعی-40 (Andrews, Singh & Bond, 1993) و مصاحبۀ بالینی ساختاریافته برای اختلالات شخصیت DSM (First, Gibbon, Spitzer, Williams & Benjamin, 1997). همچنین، پروتکل ISTDP مطابق با رویکرد دوانلو (1995، 2000) هر هفته یکبار به مدت 15 جلسه و هر جلسه به مدت یک ساعت بر روی نمونۀ پژوهش اجرا شد. سنجش آزمودنی‌ها پس از ارزیابی خط پایه، هر 3 جلسه یکبار صورت گرفت و پس از اتمام جلسات درمانی، 3 ارزیابی پیگیری با فواصل یک‌ماهه انجام شد. داده‌ها با استفاده ازنسخه 24 نرم‌افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌های به دست آمده نشان داد که ISTDP سبب کاهش نشانه‌های اختلالات شخصیت خوشۀ C می-شود. همچنین، اثر این درمان بر کاهش مکانیسم‌های دفاعی ناپخته و نوروتیک و افزایش مکانیسم‌های پخته در این اختلالات معنادار بود (05/0 > p).
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