مقایسه تأثیر آموزش رویکرد کلاس معکوس و درس‌پژوهی بر خلاقیت نگارشی دانشجو معلمان در درس نگارش خلاق
الموضوعات : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
فاطمه جعفری کمانگر
1
(استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.)
صمد ایزدی
2
(دانشیار دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.)
غلامرضا پیروز
3
(دانشیار دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: کلاس معکوس, نگارش, خلاقیت, آموزش, درس پژوهی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، مقایسۀ دو روش سازنده‌گرا یعنی کلاس معکوس و درس‌پژوهی از نظر میزان افزایش خلاقیت نگارشی دانشجومعلمان در درس نگارش خلاق در پیش و پس از دریافت متغیر مستقل است. این پژوهش از نوع شبه‌آزمایشی و از نظر هدف کاربردی است. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش، دانشجو معلمان رشتۀ آموزش ابتدایی دانشگاه فرهنگیان استان مازندران و نمونۀ آماری دو گروه 35 نفری همگن شده هستند. از بین ژانرهای نگارش خلاق چهار ژانر با مشورت صاحب‌نظران این حوزه انتخاب شد. عناصر مرتبط با هر ژانر، مطابق منابع مختلف شناسایی شد و به هر عنصر به نسبت اهمیتش در ژانر مربوطه ضریب وزن داده شد. نگارش در این چهار ژانر توسط هر دو گروه به‌صورت پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون انجام شد و هر یک از عناصر در نوشته‌های دانشجومعلمان از منظر ملاک‌های خلاقیت تورنس یعنی سیالیت، اصالت، انعطاف و بسط مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت و نمره‌گذاری شد. نتایج حاصل با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS26 به روش آمار استنباطی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت و مقایسۀ نتایج پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون در هر دو گروه نشان داد که روش کلاس معکوس و روش درس پژوهی بر هر دو گروه بهبود معناداری ایجاد کرده است و مقایسۀ دو روش با یکدیگر نشان داد که درس پژوهی در مقایسه با کلاس معکوس بر خلاقیت نگارشی دانشجو معلمان تأثیر معناداری داشته است.
Abul Hassani, Zahra; Safaei Movahed, Saeed (1398) “Presenting a Prerequisite Framework for Presenting Work and Technology Course in Junior High School with Emphasis on flip Class Model”, Curriculum Planning Research, Year 15, Volume 2, Number 34, 1-13. (In Persian)
Ahmadi, Parvin; Rezazadeh Shiraz, Fatemeh Begum; Imam Gholizadeh Ganji, Zahra (2014) "Study of the effect of participatory learning on the progress of essay writing in Saveh students" Education and Learning Research Year 21, No. 5: 97-112. (In Persian)
Arasti, Zahra, Ghodoosi, Samira, Bagheri, Afsaneh (2016) The effect of entrepreneurship education through storytelling method on the entrepreneurial attitude of elementary school students, Entrepreneurship Development, 34 No. 34, 593-612. (In Persian)
Aghahoseini, Taghi. (2016) "Comparison of the Effects of Three Methods of Teaching Exploration Patterns, Group Discussion and Lecture Method on Academic Achievement of Yazd Elementary School Students" Journal of Psychological and Educational Sciences Studies, 2(2), 115-128. (In Persian).
Badleh, Alireza; Mahmoudzadeh, Hamed; Kabirizadeh, Reza (2019) "Comparison of memorization learning resulting from education through multimedia technology class, laboratory class and flip class and traditional class in elementary" Research in Curriculum Planning, Volume 2, Number 36, 139-151. (In Persian)
Bodo, Allen. (1979) Creativity in School, translated by Ali Khanzadeh, Tehran: Chehr Company. (In Persian).
Cerbin, W., & Kopp, B. (2006). Lesson study as a model for building pedagogical knowledge and improving teaching. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 18 (3), 250-257.
Chilingaryana Kamo & Zvereva Ekaterina (2017) Methodology of Flipped Classroom as a Learning Technology in Foreign Language Teaching, 7th International Conference on Intercultural Education “Education, Health and ICT for a Transcultural World”, EDUHEM 2016, 15-17 June 2016, Almeria, Spain.
Dastori, Leily (2010) A Comparative Study of Creative Writing Skills Training in the National Curriculum of Iranian, American and British Countries in Elementary School, Postgraduate Thesis, Guidance by Hossein Ghasempour Moghaddam, Payame Noor University. (In Persian)
Ebadi, Tayebeh (2018) "The effectiveness of essay teaching method with brain-based learning approach on students' academic self-efficacy beliefs and writing skills" Sociology of Education, No. 8: 80-93. (In Persian)
Forouzanfar, Farid; Javid Nejad, Mehrdad; Pourzargar, Mohad Reza (2018) "Measuring Creativity Indicators in the Architectural Design Process in the Before and After Stages of Research-Based Education
(Fluidity, Expansion, Innovation and Flexibility)", Urban Management, No. 50, 199-214. (In Persian)
Erfani, Nasrullah; Shabbiri, Seyed Mohammad; Companions of Anwar, Saeed; Mashayekhipour Mostafa (2016) "The effectiveness of study courses on the teaching skills of elementary school teachers" Research in Curriculum Planning, Vol 2, No. 21, 2001-191 (In Persian)
Gholami, K; asady, M. (2014).The Professors’s professional experience in relation to effective teaching phenomen in higher education. Journal of Theory Practice in Curriculum.1 (2):5-26
Gonz´alez, G., and Deal, J. T. (2017), Using a Creativity Framework to Promote Teacher Learning in Lesson StudyGloriana, Thinking Skills and Creativity, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.05.002
Habibzadeh, Abbas. (2014) "The Effectiveness of Teaching Studies on Teachers' Self-efficacy" Journal of Psychological Achievements, 21, 145-168. (In Persian).
Hamid Rafiei, Mohammad Ali. (1993) "Methodism and Writing" Journal of The Growth of Persian Language and Literature Education, 34, 59-56. (In Persian).
Hantla, B.F., (2014), The effects of flipping the classroom on specific aspects of critical thinking in a Christian college: a qausi-experimental, mixed-methods study, Doctoral Dissertation, Faculty of Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary Wake Forest, North Carolina.
Horizad, Bahman. (2010) Investigating the Impact of Creativity-Based Research Courses on Developing Professional Abilities and Creative Learning for Teachers and Students» Journal of Counseling Culture, 1, 75-92. (In Persian).
Jafari Kamangar, Fatemeh, Foroughi, Abdolhakim (2019) "Comparison of the effectiveness of rhetorical teaching methods with traditional on the composition of elementary school", New Teacher Training Strategies, Volume 5, Number 8: 81-95. (In Persian).
Kaviani, Hassan; Liyaghatdar, Mohammad Javad; Zamani, Bibieshrat; Abedini, Yasmin. (2018) "Curriculum Planning Model in Reverse Classroom: Synthesizing Research Methods", Two Quarterly Theories and Practice in Curriculum, 6 (1), 203-273. (In Persian).
Khakbaz, Azimeh Sadat Fadaei, Mohammad Reza and Moosapour Nematollah (2008) "The Impact of Study on the Professional Development of Mathematics Teachers", Education, No. 94, 123-146.
Liyaghat Dar, Mohammad Javad; Kaviani, Hassan; Zamani, Bibi Eshrat; Abedini, Yasman (2018) Information and Communication Technology in Education Sciences,4 (32), 107-136. (In Persian).
Manavi Pour, Davood (2009) "The Relationship between Emotional Creativity and Cognitive Creativity with Metacognitive Skills", Psychological Research, 2 (8) 63-72 (In Persian).
Mark, Mitchell; Stipank, Jennifer; Leung, Melinda; Turnermann, Michelle; Gary, Apple. (2007) Guiding Lesson Research: A Practical Guide for Teachers and Principals, translated by Reza Saki and Dariush Madani, Tehran: Hekmat Alavi.
Maroufi, Yahya; Karami, Zohre (2015) "A Research Approach to a New Approach to Teacher Professional Development" Educational Sciences, 6 (22), 39-66. (In Persian).
MostafaNejad, Cheyman; Souareh, Osman; Khakzad, Faroug (2016) Investigating the Effect of Lesson Study on Motivation for Teaching and Self-efficacy of Physical Education Teachers in Piranshahr, Journal of Sport Management, 30, 151-168. (In Persian).
Motamedi, Esfandiar (2010) "Worry about the Lesson of Enshrine or Worry About Thinking", Payvand, 372, 36-37. (In Persian).
Murillo-Zamoranoa, Luis R. José Ángel López Sáncheza, Ana Luisa Godoy-Caballerob (2019) How the flipped classroom affects knowledge, skills, and engagement in higher education: Effects on students' satisfaction. Computers & Education Vol 141. 1-18
Namdari Pejman, Mehdi; Ghanbarian, Parvin; Ghanbari, Cyrus; Basiri, Iraj (2018) New Educational Approaches, 25, 47-74. (In Persian).
O'Flaherty, J., & Phillips, C. (2015). The use of flipped classrooms in higher education: A scoping review. The Internet and Higher Education, 25, 85-95.
Rajaeyan, Neda; KashtiAray, Narges; Nadi, Mohammad Ali (2018)."Designing a Course of Water Consumption Behavior Based on Reverse Learning Method (Qualitative Research)" Journal of Teaching Research, 6 (4), 166-188. (In Persian).
Saki, Reza (2013) Course of Studies, Tehran: Jahad Daneshgahi. (In Persian).
Salehi, Ali (2011) "Practical Solutions for the Lesson of Essay" The Growth of Persian Language and Literature Education, 98, 70-73. (In Persian).
Sarkararani Arani, Mohammad Reza. (2011) Researching a Model for Improving Mathematical Discourse in the Classroom: A Case Study of Fukushima High School Mathematics Course, Journal of education and training, 105, 39-41. (In Persian).
See, S., & Conry, J. (2014). Flip My Class! A faculty development demonstration of a flipped-class. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, (4), 585-588.
Todorov, Tsotan. (2006) "Texts of Russian Formalists", Theory of Literature, Translated by Atefe Tahaii. Tehran: Akhtaran. (In Persian).
Shamisa, Cyrus (2007) Literary Criticism. Second Edition. Tehran: Mitra. (In Persian).
Westwood, Peter (2012). Necessary Teachers and Knowledge about Teaching Methods. Translated by Nasrollah, Nowruz & Habib Amani. Tehran: Arjmand. (In Persian).
_||_