ارزیابی ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزی بافت‌های فرسودۀ ﻏﯿﺮرﺳﻤﯽ در سکونتگاه‌های شهری (مورد مطالعه: شهر ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ- ﻣﺤﻠﻪ اﯾﭙﮑﭽﯿﻠﺮ)
الموضوعات :
مهدی محمدی سرین دیزج
1
,
مجید اکبری
2
1 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
2 - دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزی, اﺳﮑﺎن ﻏﯿﺮرﺳﻤﯽ, بافت فرسوده, شهر تبریز, محله ایپکچیلر,
ملخص المقالة :
رﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﯾﻊ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ناﺗﻮانی در ﭘﺬﯾﺮش ﻣﻌﻘﻮل ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ، ﺟﺮﯾﺎن سکونت را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﮐﺮده و ﺑﺎﻋﺚ شکل‌گیری اسکان ﻏﯿﺮﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ می‌گردد. از اﯾﻦ رو اﺳﮑﺎن ﻏﯿﺮرﺳﻤﯽ مسئله‌ای ﮔﺬرا ﺑﺎ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺤﺪود ﻧﺒﻮده و ﺗﻮاﻓﻘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻘﺎ، ﺑﺎزﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و ﺑﺴﻂ آن وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از بی‌کفایتی سیاست‌های ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪی ﺷﻬﺮی ﻣﺘﺪاول اﺳﺖ و رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻧﻮﯾﻨﯽ را ﻣﯽﻃﻠﺒﺪ. بر این مبنا، الگوی توانمندسازی برآن است تا با مشارکت و اعتمادآفرینی و بکارگیری شیوه های ﻧﻮﺳﺎزی و ﺑﻬﺴﺎزی ﺷﻬﺮی، اﯾﺠﺎد زﯾﺮﺑﻨﺎی ﺳﺎﻟﻢ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و ﺑﺮﻃﺮف ﮐﺮدن ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﺎدی در سایه ﻫﻤﮑﺎری و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ذی نفعان، بهبودی لازم را در این سکونتگاهها حاصل نماید. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی با هدف کابردی که اطلاعات به صورت میدانی و با استفاده از پرسشنامۀ محقق‌ساخته به دست آمده است. جامعۀ آماری، ساکنان محله ایپکچیلر در شهر تبریز بوده و حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول کوکران ۲۳۲ نفر برآورد گردید. برای تحلیل متغیرها و شاخص‌ها از واریانس یک‌طرفۀ آنوا، آزمون T تک نمونه‌ای، ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و تحلیل رگرسیون استفاده شد. برای سنجش متغیرها در پرسشنامه، از طیف لیکرت پنج سطحی استفاده شده است. یافته‌ها ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزی، ﻫﯿﭻﮐﺪام ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 3 در ﻃﯿﻒ ﻟﯿﮑﺮت نشان نمی‌دهند. ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﯽ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ اﯾﭙﮑﭽﯿﻠﺮ در ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪی و دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ(16/2)، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی(63/2)، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ(95/2)، ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ و ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزی(96/2) و ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﻧﻬﺎدی و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ(22/2) را ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آورد. نتیجه حاکی از آن است که سازوکار فعلی جهت برنامه‌ریزی این محلۀ فرودست و غیررسمی در ابعاد فوق، برای بهبود فضای شهری جهت زندگی ساکنان ناموفق و ناکام نشان می‌دهد لذا برای افزایش مشارکت شهروندان و تحقق عملی راهبرد توانمندسازی لازم است که مسئولان شهری زمینۀ بالای مشارکت شهروندان را فراهم نمایند که در این حالت اجرای راهبرد ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزی ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎ و ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪی در ﻣﺤﻠﻪ اﯾﭙﮑﭽﯿﻠﺮ می‌انجامد.
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