• الصفحة الرئيسية
  • Genesis and geochemical evolution of the Mio-Pliocene volcanic rocks in the SW of Bostanabad, NW Iran: A comparison with the classic Adakite

شارک

عنوان URL للمقالة


رقم المقالة : IJES-2107-1634 (R4) زيارة : 178 الصفحة: 106 - 120

10.30495/ijes.2022.1935660.1634

نوع المخطوط: ابحاث

Genesis and geochemical evolution of the Mio-Pliocene volcanic rocks in the SW of Bostanabad, NW Iran: A comparison with the classic Adakite

الموضوعات :

Farahd Pirmohammadi Alishah 1 (Department of Geology, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran)

تاريخ الإرسال : 07 السبت , ذو الحجة, 1442 تاريخ التأكيد : 01 الثلاثاء , ذو القعدة, 1443 تاريخ الإصدار : 10 السبت , رمضان, 1444

الکلمات المفتاحية: Geochemistry, Classic adakite, Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Belt (UDMB), Mio-Pliocene, Dacite-andesite,

ملخص المقالة :

The Sahand volcano (Kuh-e-Sahand) is located in NW Iran, about 60 km E of Lake Urumieh and 40 Km SSE of Tabriz. The volcano is a stratovolcano and is dominated by pyroclastic materials and lava flows in the Miocene-Quaternary. The Mio-Pliocene volcanic rocks are exposed in the Southwest of Bostanabad (Arvanehkuh, Biukdagh, and Ghapandagh masses) East-Azerbaijan province. These rocks formed a part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Belt (UDMB) and consist of andesites and dacites. The rocks display a porphyritic texture and contain phenocrysts of plagioclase, sanidine, amphibole, biotite, and quartz. Based on the geochemical data and multi-elemental pattern, these rocks are medium to high-K calc-alkaline suite and show Large-Ion Lithophile Elements (LILE) and Light Rare-Earth Elements (LREE) enriched normalized multi-elemental patterns, and Nb and Ti depleted. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the volcanic rocks display a decrease from LREE to Heavy Rare-Earth Elements (HREE) without any Eu anomaly, indicating their formation in a subduction zone in an active continental margin. They have higher SiO2, Sr content, Sr/Y, and La/Yb ratios and lower MgO, Y, and Yb contents compared to those of normal calc-alkaline volcanic rocks and show high SiO2 adakites (HSA). Based on geochemical data, the origin of these rocks is garnet-amphibolite with the residual phase of garnet and amphibole with a titanium phase. HREE and Y depleted patterns suggest the existence of garnet and amphibole as a residue in the source. The source of these rocks was probably garnet-amphibolite possibly generated during subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab beneath the Central Iran zone and in fact, can be termed as classic adakite. Therefore, considering the importance of adakites in inferring continental geodynamic processes, it is recommended to pay attention to their discovery and identification with the help of various petrological and geochemical methods.

المصادر:


  1. Afsari N, Sodoudi F, Taghizade FF, Ghassemi MR (2011) Crustal structure of Northwest Zagros (Kermanshah) and Central Iran (Yazd and Isfahan) using teleseismic Ps converted phases. Journal of Seismology 15: 341–353.
    2.
  2. Agard P, Omrani J, Jolivet L, Whitechurch H, Vrielynck B, Spakman W, Monie P, Meyer B, Wortel R (2011) Zagros orogeny, A subduction-dominated process, Geology Magazines 10: 1-34.
    3.
  3. Aghanabati A (2004) Geology of Iran, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran.
    4.
  4. Aghazadeh M, Emami MH, MoineVaziri H, Rashidnezhad Omran N, Castro A (2011) Post-collisional shoshonitic, C-type Adakitic and lamprophyric plutonism in the Khankandi Pluton, Arasbaran (NW Iran). Geosciences 20(78): 173-188.
    5.
  5. Ahmadzadeh G, Jahangiri A, Mojtahedi M, Lentz D (2011) Petrogenesis of Plio-Quaternary post-collisional adakitic rocks in Northwest Marand. Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 18: 709-722.
    6.
  6. Alavi M (1994) Tectonics of Zagros orogenic of Iran, new data and interpretation, Journal of Tectonophysics 229: 211-238.
    7.
  7. Alishah FP (2011) Geochemistry of adakitic composition of Sahand volcano at the south of Tabriz, 30th symposium of Erath Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran (in Persian).
    8.
  8. Alishah FP (2011) Petrology, Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Volcanic Rocks in the East and Southeast of Sahand Volcano with Special Reference to the Pyroclastic Rocks, Ph. D thesis, University of Tabriz, Iran, 198pp, (in Persian).
    9.
  9. Alishah FP, Ameri A, Jahangiri A, Mojtahedi A, Keskin M (2012) Petrology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks from the south of Tabriz (Sahand volcano). Petrology 9(1): 37-56 (in Persian).
    10.
  10. Amel N (2008) Petrology and Petrogenesis of Plio-Quaternary magmatic rocks of Azerbaijan- NW Iran, Ph. D thesis, University of Tabriz, Iran 188.
    11.
  11. Annen C, Blundy JD, Sparks RSJ (2006) The genesis of intermediate and silicic magmas in deep crustal hot zones, Journal of Petrology 47: 505-539.
    12.
  12. Ashrafi N., Jahangiri A., Hasebe N., Eby G.N (2018) Petrology, geochemistry and geodynamic setting of Eocene-Oligocene alkaline intrusions from the Alborz-Azerbaijan magmatic belt, NW Iran, Journal of Chemie der Erde 78: 432-461.
    13.
  13. Avdeiko GP, Bergal-Kuvikas OV (2015) The Geodynamic Conditions for the Generation of Adakites and Nb_Rich Basalts (NEAB) in Kamchatka, Journal of Volcanology and Seismology 9 (5): 295–306.
    14.
  14. Azizi H, Asahuru Y, Motohiro T, Takemura K, Razyani S (2013) The role of the heterogenetic mantle in the genesis of adakites northeast of Sanandaj, northwestern Iran, Chemie der Erde 74:87-97.
    15.
  15. Azizi H, Robert J. Gültekin Topuz S, Yoshihiro A, Shafaii Moghadam, H (2019) Late Paleocene adakitic granitoid from NW Iran and comparison with adakites in the NE Turkey: Adakitic melt generation in normal continental crust, Lithos, 346–347.
    16.
  16. Behrouzi A, Amini Fazl A, Amini Azar B (1997) Geological Survey of Iran, 1:100,000 Series, Sheet 5265, Bostanabad.
    17.
  17. Berberian E (1987) Oceanic evolution, rifting or drifting in the Red Sea. Nature330: 692-693.
    18.
  18. Berberian F, Berberian M (1981) Tectono-plutonic episodes in Iran. In, Zagros, Hindokosh, Himalaya Geodynamic Evolution (Eds Gupta, H K, Delany F M) 5-32. Journal of American Geophysical Union, Washington.
    19.
  19. Berberian F, Muir ID, Pankhurst RJ, Berberian M (1982) Late Cretaceous and early Miocene Andean type plutonic activity in northern Makran and central Iran. Journal of Geological Society of London139: 605-614.
    20.
  20. Bilici O, Kolaylı H, Kalkan E, Bilici T, Yarbaşı N (2020) Petrographic and Geochemical Fingerprints of Sub-Volcanic Dykes and their Host Harzburgites from the Ulaş Ultramafics (Sivas, Turkey), International Journal of Earth Science Knowledge and Applications 2(1):1-12.
    21.
  21. Bina M, Arian MA, Pourkermani M, Bazoobandi MH, Yazdi A (2020) Study of the petrography and tectonic settings of sills In Lavasanat district, Tehran (north of Iran), Nexo Revista Cientifica, 33(2), 286-296.
    22.
  22. Blatt H, Tracy R (1995) Petrology: igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic, W H, Freeman book Company, New York.
    23.
  23. Bonatti E (1987) Oceanic evolution, rifting or drifting in the Red Sea? Nature 330: 692-693.
    24.
  24. Castillo PR (2012) Adakite petrogenesis, Lithos 134: 304-316.
    25.
  25. Condie KC (1989) Geochemical changes in basalts and andesites across the Archean-Proterozoic boundary, identification, and significances, Lithos 23: 1-18.
    26.
  26. Dalavari Koshan M, Shahkeri A (2016) Taftan volcanic rocks: evidence of Pseudo-adakit magmatism in Makran magmatic arc, Quaternary journal of Iran 2(1): 1-14.
    27.
  27. Davoudzadeh M, Lammerer B, Weber-Diefenbach K (1997) Paleogeography, Stratigraphy, and tectonics of the tertiary of Iran. Neues Jahrbuch Geologie Palaontologie Abhandlungen 205: 33–67.
    28.
  28. Defant MJ, Drummond MS (1990) Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of the young, subducted lithosphere, Nature 374: 662-665.
    29.
  29. Defant MJ, Drummond MS (1993) Mount St. Helens: potential example of the partial melting of the subducted lithosphere in a volcanic arc. Journal of Geology 21: 547-550.
    30.
  30. Dehghani GA, Markis J (1993) The gravity field and crustal structure of Iran, In Geodynamic project (Geotraverse) in Iran, Geological Survey of Iran, Report 51:51-68.
    31.
  31. Dercourt J, Zonenenshain L, Ricou LE, Kazmin G, Lepichon X, Knipper AL, Grandjacquet C, Sbotshikov IM, Geyssant J, Lepvrier C, Pechersky DH, Boulin J, Sibuet JC, Savostin LA, Sorokhtin O, Westphal M, Bazhenov ML, Lauer JP, BijuDuval B (1986) Geological evolution of the Tethys belt from the Atlantic to Pamirs since the Lias. Tectonophysics 123: 241-315.
    32.
  32. Dilek Y, Altunkaynak S (2009) Geochemical and temporal evolution of Cenozoic magmatism in western Turkey, Mantle response to a collision, slab breakoff, and lithospheric tearing in an orogenic belt, (Eds. Van Hinsbergen, DJJ, Edwards MA, Govers R) Collision and Collapse at the Africa-Arabia-Eurasia Subduction Zone, Geological Society of London Special Publication 311: 213-233.
    33.
  33. Ding L, Kapp P, Yue Y, Lai Q (2007) Postcollisional calc-alkaline lavas and xenoliths from the southern Qiangtang terrane, Central Tibet. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 254: 28-38.
    34.
  34. Esperanca S, Crisci M, de Rosa R, Mazzuli R (1992) The role of the crust in the magmatic evolution of the island Lipari (Aeolian Islands. Italy). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 112: 450-462.
    35.
  35. Eyuboglu Y, Dudasb FO, Santosh M, Eroglu-Gumruk T, Akbulut K, Yi K, Chatterjee N (2018) The final pulse of the Early Cenozoic adakitic activity in the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt (NE Turkey): An integrated study on the nature of the transition from adakitic to non-adakitic magmatism in a slab window setting, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences157:141-165.
    36.
  36. Eyuboglu Y, Santosh M, Yi K, Bektaş O, Kwon S (2012) Discovery of Miocene adakitic dacite from the Eastern Pontides Belt and revised geodynamic model for the late Cenozoic evolution of the eastern Mediterranean region, Lithos 146-147: 218-232.
    37.
  37. Fitton JG, Saunders AG, Norry MJ, Hardarson BS (1997) Thermal and chemical structure of the Iceland Plume. Earth andPlanetary Science Letters 153:197–208.
    38.
  38. Foley FV, Pearson NJ, Rushmer T, Turner S, Adam J (2013) Magmatic evolution and magma mixing of Quaternary adakites at Solander and little Solander Islands, New Zealand, Journal of Petrology 54(4): 703–744.
    39.
  39. Foley S, Tiepolo M, Vannucci R (2004) Growth of early continental crust controlled by melting of amphibolite in subduction zones, Nature 417: 832-840.
    40.
  40. Foley SF, Barth MG, Jenner GA (2000) Rutile/melt partition coefficients for trace elements and an assessment of the influence of rutile on the trace element characteristics of subduction zone magmas, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64: 993-938.
    41.
  41. Ghadami GR, Shahre-Babaki A, Mortazavi M (2008) Post-collisional Plio-Pleistocene adakitic volcanism in Central Iranian volcanic belt, geochemical and geodynamic implications, Journal of Sciences Islamic Republic of Iran 19: 223-235.
    42.
  42. Ghaffari M, Rashidnejad-Omran N, Dabiri R, Chen B,  Santos JF (2013) Mafic–intermediate plutonic rocks of the Salmas area, northwestern Iran: their source and petrogenesis significance. International Geology Review 55(16): 2016-2029.‏
    43.
  43. Ghalamghash J, Schmitt AK, Chaharlang R (2019) Age and compositional evolution of Sahand volcano in the context of post-collisional magmatism in northwestern Iran: Evidence for time-transgressive magmatism away from the collisional suture, Lithos (344-345): 265-279.
    44.
  44. Ghasemi A, Talbot CJ (2006) A new tectonic scenario for the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (Iran), Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 26:683-693.
    45.
  45. Gill JB (1981) Orogenic andesites and plate tectonics, Springer, Verlag, Berlin.
    46.
  46. Guiraud R, Boswoeth W (1999) Phanerozoic geodynamic evolution of northeastern Africa and northwestern Arabian platform. Tectonophysics 282: 39-82.
    47.
  47. Guo F, Nakamuru EFW, Kobayoshi KLC (2007) Generation of Palaeocene adakitic andesites by magma mixing: Yanji Area, NE China. Journal of Petrology 48: 661-692.
    48.
  48. Hacker BR, Luffi P, Lutkov V, Minaev V, Ratschbacher L, Plank T, Ducea M, Patiño Douceae A, McWilliams M, Metcalf J (2005) Near-ultrahigh pressure processing of continental crust, Miocene crustal xenoliths from the Pamir, Journal of Petrology 46: 1661-1687.
    49.
  49. Hassanzadeh J (1993) Metallogenic and tectonomagmatic events in the SE sector of the Cenozoic active continental margin of Iran (Shahre Babak area, Kerman province), Ph.D. thesis, University of California, USA.
    50.
  50. Hastie AR, Kerr AC, Pearce JA, Mitchell SF (2007) Classification of altered volcanic island arc rocks using immobile trace elements, development of the Th-Co discrimination diagram, Journal of Petrology 48: 2341-2357.
    51.
  51. Hempton MR (1987) Constraints on Arabian plate motion and extensional history of the Red Sea. Tectonic 6: 687-705.
    52.
  52. Jahangiri A (2007) Post-collisional Miocene adakitic volcanism in NW Iran, geochemical and geodynamic implications, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 30: 433-447.
    53.
  53. Jalili G, Nasir A, Hajaliogli R, Moayyed M (2015) Petrogenesis of adakitic Plio-Quaternary post-collision rocks, north of Sahand volcano (NW of Iran). Journal of Petrology 8(22): 157-172.
    54.
  54. Jamali H., Mehrabi B (2015) Relationships between arc maturity and Cu-Mo-Au porphyry and related epithermal mineralization at the Cenozoic Arasbaran magmatic belt, Ore Geology Reviews 65:481-501.
    55.
  55. Kay RW (1978) Aleutian Magnesian andesites, melts from subducted Pacific Ocean crust, Journal of volcanology and Geothermal Research 4: 497-522.
    56.
  56. Keskin M (2003) Magma generation by slab steeping and break-off beneath a subduction accretion complex: an alternative model for collision-related volcanism in eastern Anatolia, Turkey, Journal of Geophysical Research Letters 30: 80-46.
    57.
  57. Khalilzadeh H, Alipour S, Abedini A (2020) Investigation of adakitic feature and magmatic origin of mineralized monzonitic stock in the Niza area, northwest Iran. Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 28 (1) :3-16
    58.
  58. Khodami M, (2019) Pb isotope geochemistry of the late Miocene–Pliocene volcanic rocks from Todeshk, the central part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran: Evidence of an enriched mantle source. Journal of Earth System, Science 128:167
    59.
  59. Khodami M, Noghreyan M, Davoudian AR (2010) Geochemical constraints on the genesis of the volcanic rocks in the southeast of Isfahan area, Iran. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 3: 257–266.
    60.
  60. Le Bas M, Le Maistre RW, Streckeisen A, Zanettin B (1986) A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the total alkali-silica diagram, Journal of Petrology 27: 745-750.
    61.
  61. Maniar PD, Piccoli PM (1989) Tectonic discrimination of granitoids, Geological Society of America Bulletin 101: 635-643.
    62.
  62. Martin H (1999) The adakitic magmas: modern analogs of Archaean granitoids. Lithos 46 (3): 411-429.
    63.
  63. Martin H, Rollinson H, (2005) Geodynamic controls on adakite. TTG and Sanukitoid genesis: implications for models of crust formation. Lithos 79: 1-4.
    64.
  64. Martin H, Smithies RH, Rapp RP, Moyen JF, Champion DC (2005) An overview of adakite, tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) and sanukitoid, relationships and some implications for crustal evolution, Lithos 79(1-2): 1-24.
    65.
  65. Mc Birney AR (2007) Igneous petrology. 3rd edition, Jones and Bartlett Learning, Burlington, Canada.
    66.
  66. Modjarrad M (2013) Petrology and geochemistry of Bezow-Draghi area volcanic rocks, Urmia-NW Iran, research project final report, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran (in Persian).
    67.
  67. Modjarrad M (2014) Petrology and geochemistry of the Bezow-Draghi volcanic rocks (Urmia), W Azarbaijan; introduction. New Findings on Applied Geology 16: 16-24.
    68.
  68. Modjarrad M (2015) Geochemistry of Bezow-Draghi volcanic rocks, Urmia; adakitic magmatism in the Uromieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt, Petrology  21(1): 121-138.
    69.
  69. Mohajjel M, Fergusson CL, Sahandi, MR (2003) Cretaceous-Tertiary convergence and continental collision, Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, western Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 21: 397-412.
    70.
  70. Moine Vaziri H, Amine Sobhani E (1977) Volcanology and volcano sedimentology of Sahand region. Tarbiat-e-Moalem university, p: 55.
    71.
  71. Moradian A (1997) Geochemistry, Geochronology and petrography of Feldspathoid Bearing Rocks in Urumieh Dokhtar Volcanic Belt, Iran Unpublished Ph. D thesis, University of Wollongong, Australia, 412 pp.
    72.
  72. Morris JD (1995) Slab melting as an explanation of Quaternary volcanism and seismicity in southwestern Japan, Geology 23:395-398.
    73.
  73. Moyen JF (2009) High Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios: the meaning of the adakitic signature, Lithos 112: 556-574.
    74.
  74. Murray CG (1996) Zoned ultramafic complexes of the Alaskan type: Feeder pipes of andesitic volcanoes, Geological Society of America 132:35-313.
    75.
  75. Nabavi M (1976) Perfect geology of Iran, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran.
    76.
  76. Nasrabady M, Rossetti F, Moin Vaziri H, R S, M M (2015) Petrogenesis of Adakitic Intrusion Bodies of the Ophiolitic Belt, NE Sabzevar, Journal of Geoscience 24(94): 183-196.
    77.
  77. Nazemi E, Arian MA, Jafarian A, Pourkermani M, Yazdi A (2019) Studying The Genesis Of Igneous Rocks In Zarin-Kamar Region (Shahrood, Northeastern Iran) By Rare Earth Elements, Revista Gênero e Direito 8 (4): 446-466.
    78.
  78.  Nelson T S, Montana A (1992) Sive-textured plagioclase in volcanic rocks produced by rapid decompression. American Mineralogy 77: 1242-1249.
    79.
  79. Niu Y, Batiza R (1997) Trace element evidence from seamounts for the recycled oceanic crust in the eastern equatorial Pacific mantle. Earth Planet Science Letter 148:471-484.
    80.
  80. Noghreyan M, Khodami M, Davoudian A, Shabanian Brogeni N (2011) Petrogenesis of Pliocene-Quaternary volcanic rocks in Isfahan province, insight on adakite magmatism, Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 19: 451-462.
    81.
  81. Omrani J, Agard P, Whitechurch H, Benoit M, Prouteau G, Jolivet I (2008) Arc-magmatism and subduction history beneath the Zagros Mountains, Iran: a new report of adakites and geodynamic consequences, Lithos 106:380-398.
    82.
  82. Peacock SM (1990) Fluid processes in subduction zones, Science 248: 329-337.
    83.
  83. Pearce JA, Harris NBW, Tindle AG (1989) Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks, Journal of Petrology 25: 956-983.
    84.
  84. Peccerillo A, Taylor SR (1976) Geochemistry of Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the kastamonu area, northern Turkey, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 58: 63-81.
    85.
  85. Plank T (2005) Constraints from Thorium/Lanthanum on sediment recycling at subduction zones and the evolution of the continents, Journal of Petrology 46(5): 921-944.
    86.
  86. Rapp R, Xiao L, Shimizu N (2002) Experimental constraints on the origin of potassium-rich adakites in eastern China, Acta Petrologica Sinica 18: 293-302.
    87.
  87. Rapp R, Yaxley G, Norman MD, Shimizu N (2007) Comprehensive trace element characteristics of experimental TTG and sanukitoid melts, In: Proceeding of the 6th International Hutton Conference on the origin of granitic rocks, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
    88.
  88. Reichenbacher B, Alimohammadian H, Sabouri J, Haghfarshi E, Faridi M, Abbasi S, Matzke-Karasz R, Fellin MG, Carnevale G, Schiller W, Vasilyan D, Scharrer S (2011) Late Miocene stratigraphy, palaeoecology, and paleogeography of the Tabriz Basin (NW Iran, Eastern Paratethys). Paleogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 311: 1–18.
    89.
  89. Sarem MN, Abedini MV, Dabiri R, Ansari MR (2021) Geochemistry and petrogenesis of basic Paleogene volcanic rocks in Alamut region, Alborz mountain, north of Iran. Earth Sciences Research Journal 25(2): 237-245.‏
    90.
  90. Schmidt GA, Shindell DT, Miller RL, Mann ME, Rind M (2004) General circulation modeling of Holocene climate variability. Quaternary Science Reviews 23: 2167-2181,
    91.
  91. Sengor AMC, Altmer D, Cin A, Ustaomer T, Hsu KJ (1988) Origin and assemble of the Tethyside orogenic collage at the expense of Gondwanaland. In: AudleyCharls, M. G., Hallam, A. (Eds.), Gondwana and Tethys. Geological Society of London, 37: 19-181.
    92.
  92. Sengor AMC, Natalin BA (1996) Paleotectonic of Asia: fragments of a synthesis. In Yin A, Harrison TM, (Eds.), The Tectonic Evolution of Asia Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 486-640.
    93.
  93. Shabanian E, Acocella V, Gioncada A, Ghasemi H, Bellier O (2012) Structural control on volcanism in intraplate post collisional settings: late Cenozoic to Quaternary examples of Iran and Eastern Turkey, Tectonics 31:13-30.
    94.
  94. Sipahi F, Saydam Eker C, Akpınar I, Gucer MA, Vural A, Kaygusuz A, Aydurmuş T (2021) Eocene magmatism and associated Fe-Cu mineralization in northeastern Turkey: A case study of the Karadag skarn, International Geology Review 64: 1530-1555.
    95.
  95. Stern CR, Kilian R (1996) Role of the subducted slab, mantle wedge and continental crust in the generation of adakites from the Andean austral volcanic zone, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 123: 263-281.
    96.
  96. Stern RA, Hanson GN (1991) Archean High-Mg granodiorite: a derivative of light rare earth element enriched monzodiorite of mantle origin. Journal of Petrology 32:201-238.
    97.
  97. Stocklin J, Setudenia A (1971) Stratigraphic lexicon of Iran. Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran.
    98.
  98. Sun SS, Mc Donough WF (1989) Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implication for mantle composition and processes. In: Magmatism in the ocean basins (Eds. Sanders, A. D., and Norry, M. H.), Geological Society of London 42: 313-345.
    99.
  99. Taylor SR, McLennan SM (1985) The composition and evolution of the continental crust: rare earth element evidence from sedimentary rocks, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 381-399.
    100.
  100. Teklay KA, Mezger K (2001) Geochemistry, geochronology and isotope geology of Nakfa intrusive rocks, northern thickened Neoproterozoic arc crust, Journal of African Earth Sciences 33(2): 283-301.
    101.
  101. Torkian A, Furman T, Salehi N, Veloski K (2019) Petrogenesis of adakites from the Sheyda volcano, NW Iran. Journal of African Earth Sciences 150:194-204.
    102.
  102. Tsuchiya N, Suzuki S, Kimura JI, Kagami H (2005) Evidence for slab melt/mantle reaction: petrogenesis of early Cretaceous and Eocene high-Mg andesites from the Kitakami mountains, Japan, Lithos 79: 179-206.
    103.
  103. Vural A, Kaygusuz A (2021) Geochronology, petrogenesis and tectonic importance of Eocene I-type magmatism in the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 14: 467.
    104.
  104. Wang Q, Li ZX, Chung SL, Wyman, DA, Sun YL, Zhao ZH, Zhu YT, Qiu HN (2011) Late Triassic high-Mg andesite/dacite suites from northern Hohxil, north Tibet: Geochronology, geochemical characteristics, petrogenetic processes, and tectonic implications, Lithos 126: 54-67.
    105.
  105. Wang Q, Wyman DA, Xu JF, Wan YS, Li CF, Zi F, Jiang ZQ, Qiu HN, Chu ZY, Zhao ZH, Dong YH (2008) Triassic Nb-enriched basalts, magnesian andesites, and adakites of the Qiangtang terrane (Central Tibet): evidence for metasomatism by slab derived melts in the mantle wedge, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 155: 473-490.
    106.
  106. Wang Z, Wilde SA, Wang K, Yu L (2004) A MORB-arc basalt-adakite association in the 2.5 Ga Wutai greenstone belt: late Archean magmatism and crustal growth in the North China craton, Precambrian Research 131: 323-343.
    107.
  107. Whitney DL, Evans BW (2010) Abbreviations for Names of Rock-Forming Minerals. American Mineralogist, 95: 185-187
    108.
  108. Wilson M (1989) Igneous petrogenesis a global tectonic approach. 1st edition, Unwin and Hyman London.
    109.
  109. Woodruff F, Savin SM (1989) Miocene deepwater oceanography. Paleoceanography 4: 87-140.
    110.
  110. Xiao L, Zhang HF, Clemens JD, Wang QW, Kan ZZ, Wang KM, Ni PZ, Liu XM (2007) Late Triassic granitoids of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau: geochronology, petrogenesis and implications for tectonic evolution. Lithos 96: 436-452.
    111.
  111. Xu JF, Shinjo R, Defant MJ, Wang Q, Rapp RP (2002) Origin of Mesozoic adakitic intrusive rocks in the Ningzhen area of China: partial melting of delaminated lower continental crust, Journal of Geology 30: 1111-1114
    112.
  112. Yadollahi R, Kananian A, Maanijou M, Sarjoughian F, Hassanpour Sh (2011) Genesis of adakitic magmatism in Masjed Draghi region in Julfa, eastern Azarbaijan, Iranian Journal of Crystallography and Mineralogy 19: 297-310.
    113.
  113. Yazdi A, Shahhosseini E, Moharami F (2022) Petrology and tectono-magmatic environment of the volcanic rocks of West Torud–Iran, Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences 14 (1): 40-57.
    114.
  114. Zhang L, Hu Y, Ling G, Ireland T, Chen Y, Ghang R, Sun S, Su N (2017). Adakitic rocks are associated with the Shilu copper-molybdenum deposit in the Yangchun Basin, South China. Acta Geochim 36(2): 132–150.
    115.

سند

Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications

الروابط

المراكز ذات الصلة

دعامة

الصفحات الرسمية

حقوق هذا الموقع الإلكتروني مملوكة لنظام SANAD Press Management. © 1442-1446

الصفحة الرئيسية| دخول| معلومات عنا| اتصل بنا|
[English] [فارسی] [en] [fa]