Identification of Components Affecting Synomorphy and Utilization of it in Planning Educational Spaces (Case: Faculties of Art and Architecture of Tehran)

الموضوعات : Space Ontology International Journal

Shima Feli ¹ (Department of Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Farah Habib ² (Department of Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Azadeh Shahcheraghi ³ (Department of Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.)

تاريخ الإرسال : 26 الأحد , جمادى الأولى, 1442 تاريخ التأكيد : 25 الثلاثاء , رجب, 1442 تاريخ الإصدار : 16 الثلاثاء , ربيع الثاني, 1442

الکلمات المفتاحية: AHP method, Synomorphy, Educational Spaces Planning, College of Art and Architecture of Tehran,

ملخص المقالة :

Today, the lack of milieu- behavior synomorphy is the main problem in public spaces that prevents citizens and other people from using the designed spaces in the city. The problem is also found in the design of educational milieu. This research tries to solve this problem as much as possible using the synomorphy in the educational space, which means the milieu-behavior synomorphy leads to the creation of behaviors tailored to the purpose of design in space. As an applied, descriptive-analytical research, this study tries to identify the spaces affecting students' behavior and their relationship with surrounding milieu using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. To do so, College of Architecture and Urbanism of Shahid Beheshti University, the School of Architecture and Urbanism of University of Science and Technology and College of Fine Arts of University of Tehran were selected for case study and then, using analytical hierarchy process, seven common items between them were scored. In this analysis, six indicators associated with behavior and space were selected by the researcher and scored by two groups of experts and students. Using the map of behavioral patterns, the conformity of the mentioned groups' opinions with the model obtained from gatherings in space was obtained by the researcher. Accordingly, the results from the College of Fine Arts and the opinions of the mentioned groups were consistent. However, there was a slight difference in the ranking of spaces at Shahid Beheshti University. And, at the University of Science and Technology, the difference was found greater compared to the other two. According to the research information, it was concluded that the sense of place and the aesthetic concepts were essential indicators in synomorphy, and physical and cognitive elements can be effective in improvement and manner of behavioral patterns and use of space by people.

المصادر:

1. Alijani, S. (2017) Designing the campus of the University of Guilan according to the Synomorphy of Place and Behavior, Master Thesis, Architecture, supervised by Dr. Amirreza Karimiazari, University of Guilan, University Campus, Retrieved on May 13, 2020,


2. Alimardani, M. (2004), Ibn Khaldun and the Ethics of Urbanization, book of review, number 30


3. Altman, I. (2003) The Environment and Social Behavior, Privacy, Personal Space, Territory and Crowding, Translated by Ali Namazian, Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University Press


4. Askarizad, R; and Safari, H. (2020). The influence of social interactions on the behavioral patterns of the people in urban spaces (case study: The pedestrian zone of Rasht Municipality Square, Iran), cities journal, volume 101, Retrieved May 23, 2020,


5. Barker, R. g. (1968); Ecological Psychology: Concept and Methods for studying Environment of Humam Behavior, Stanford,CA: Stanford University Press.


6. Bazargan, A. (2001) Educational Evaluation (Concepts, Patterns, Operational Process). Tehran: Samt Publications


7. Downs, R.M; and Stea, D. (1973). Cognitive maps and spatial behaviors: processes and products Image and Environment: Cognitive Mapping and Spatial Behavior, Chicago: Aldine


8. Farhad, H. (2009) From Behaviorism to Behavioral Geography, Journal of Geography, Volume 3, Number, 8-9, pp 18-97, Retrieved on May 13, 2020


9. Gehl, J. (2010) Public Spaces and Collective Living in Adelaide: 2002, Translated by Ali Ghaffari, and Mohammad Sadegh Soheilipour, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University, Printing and Publishing Center


10. Golestani, N., Roushan, M., and Sheibani, M. (2015) The Characteristics of Meaningful Alignment of Methods Of Evaluating Behavioral Settings and Redesigning Furniture and Urban Spaces, Journal of Urban Management, No. 38, pp. 241-272


11. Hahm, Y; Yoon, H; and Choi, Y. (2018). The effect of built environments on the walking and shopping behaviors of pedestrians; a study with GPS experiment in sinchon retail district in seoul, South Korea, Retrieved May 23, 2020


12. Hamedani-Golshan, H., Matlabi, Q., and Behzadfar, M. (2019) Development of a theoretical framework combining the interaction of space syntax and behavioral settings in order to compare behavioral-motion patterns in residential miliux; Case Study of Narmak, Yousefabad and Gharb Town, Urbanism Knowledge, Volume 3, Number 4, pp 91-110, Retrieved on 12 May 1999


13. Hee Min, Y; and Lee, S. (2020). Space-Choice behavior for individual study in a digital reading room, The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 46(2), Retrieved October 28, 2020


14. Heft, H; Hoch,J; Edmunds,T; and Weeks, J. (2014). Can the Identity of a Behavior Setting Be Perceived


15. Johnson, D.w; and Johnson, R.T. (2009). An Educational Psychology Success Story: Social Interdependence Theory and Cooperative learning, Research Article, 38(5), pages: 365-379


16. Lang, J. (2002) Creation of Architectural Theory, The Role of Behavioral Sciences in Environmental Design, Fourth Edition with Additions, Translated by Alireza Einifar, Tehran, University of Tehran Press


17. Mamykina, L; Candy, L; and Edmonds, E. (2002). Collaborative creativity, Communication of the ACM, 145(10), pp. 96-99


18. Mansouri, A. and Gharabeigloo, M., (2011) The quality of Urban Open Space in Interaction with Children, Iranian Islamic City Studies Quarterly, pp. 63-72, retrieved on May 12, 2020


19. Mirzazadeh Niaragh, M., and Bemanian, M.R., (2015) Designing Flexibility in Residential Homes, National Conference on Civil Engineering and Architecture with an Approach to Sustainable Development


20. Mortazavi, S. (2011) Environmental Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University Press, Tehran


21. Mostakhdemin Hosseini, H. (2015) Introduction to Research Methods in Humanities, Social, Economic, Scientific and Cultural Monthly of Work and Society, No. 187, pp 55-69, Retrieved on September 21, 2020


22. Paulus, P. (2000). Groups, teams, and Creativity: The creative potential of idea-generation groups, applied psychology: An International Review, volume 49, pp. 237-262


23. Qaemi, P., Shobeiri, M., Larijani, M., and Rekrak, B. (2016) Evaluation of Environmental Education Methods based on AHP Model. Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development, Volume 4, Number 3, 33-44, Retrieved on June 10, 2019


24. Rahighaghsan, A. (2018) The Physical Impact of Living Environment on Individuals based on Built Environment Assessment, The First International Conference on Interdisciplinary Studies in Management and Engineering, University of Tehran, Retrieved on October 29, 1999


25. Rapaport, A. (2005). Culture, architecture, and design, Chicago: Locke Science Publishing Co, Inc.


26. Rapoport, A. (2011), The Meaning of the Built Environment: An Approach in Non-Verbal Communication, translated by Farah Habib, Tehran, Urban Planning and Processing Company Publications


27. Rokhsari, H. (2017), Mental Map of City (Comparative Study of Residents of Formal and Informal Settlements in Rasht), Master Thesis, Geography and Urban Planning, supervised by Dr. Hossein Hataminejad, University of Guilan, retrieved on May 13, 2020,


28. Rouhi Dehkordi, R. (2013) Behavioral Setting Dynamics Analysis, with Focus on Structural Tests, Haft Hesar Magazine, Volume 2, No 5, pp 27-34, Retrieved May 27, 2020


29. Saghafi, P. (2016) Organizing Public Spaces of Urban Markets with the Approach of Behavioral Settings Theory (Case Study of Ahar Market), Master Thesis, Urban Design, supervised by Dr. Masoud Alimardani, Shahid Rajaei Tarbiat Dabir University, Retrieved on May 13, 2020


30. Slaehnia, M. and Memarian, G.(2012), Sociopetaloid of  Architecture Space: Synthesis and Synomorphy of Human-Physical Factors, international journal of architectural engineering and urban planning,Volume 12, Number 1.


31. Scott, M. M. (2005). A Powerful Theory and a paradox: Ecological Psychology after Barker, in Environment and behavior, no 37, pp 295-329


32. Shafaii, M., and Madani, R. (2010) Principles of Designing Educational Space for Children based On Creativity Model, Journal of Educational Technology, 4th Year, Volume 4, Number 3, Retrieved on October 28, 1999


33. Shah Cheraghi, A. and Bandarabad, A. (2015) Surroundings in Environment: Utilization of Environmental Psychology in Architecture and Urban Planning, Tehran: Jihad Daneshgahi Publications.


34. Shariati, Z. (2017) Design of the College of Arts and Crafts in Yazd (Emphasizing the Role of Space Flexibility in Improving the Quality of Social Interactions), Master Thesis, Architecture, supervised by Dr. Somayeh Omidvari, University of Science and Art, retrieved on May 13, 2020


35. Shokouei, H. (1996, New Thoughts in the Philosophy of Geography, Volume One, First Edition, Gitashenasi Publications, Tehran


36. Smith, J.E; and Barowy, W. (2008). Ecology and development in classroom communication, Journal of Linguistics and Education, 19(2), pages 149-165, Retrieved May 22, 2020


37. Tafakkor, S., Shahcheraghi, A, and Habib, F. (2019), A Comparative Study of the Architecture of Tajrish Historical Bazaar and Arg-e-Tehran Shopping Center, based on the Theory of Synomorphy, Iranian Journal of Architecture, No. 106, pp. 105- 132


38. Taleghani, M., Shahroudi, K. and Sanei, F. (2012) Comparative Study of AHP and fuzzy AHP in the Ranking of Shopping Preferences (Case study: Home Appliance Industry). Research in its functions and applications, ninth year, first issue (32 consecutive), 81-91, retrieved on May 5, 2019


39. Through Patterns of Joint Action? An Investigation of Place Perception, Behavioral Sciences, 4(4): 371-393


40. Torrington, D. (2009). Fundamental of Human Resource Management: Managing People at Work, United State: Financial Times Prentice Hall


41. Wicker, A. (2002). Ecological Psychology: Historical contexts, Current Conception, Prospective Direction, in Bechtel, R. & churchman, A. the Handbook of Environmental Psychology: John Wiley & Sons


42. Zakerani, A. (2016) Designing an Urban Pergola with the Aim of Changing the Behavioral Patterns of Street Crossing, Dastavard Magazine, Volume 26, No.34, pp 16-23, Retrieved on May 21, 2020