کاهش تنش ناشی از سمیت آرسنیک در سویا (Glycine max L) با استفاده از سدیم نیتروپروساید
الموضوعات : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
الهام اسدی کرم
1
(گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران)
بتول کرامت
2
(گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران)
حسین مظفری
3
(پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، مرکز بین المللی علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی کرمان، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: سویا, آرسنیک, آنتی اکسیدان, سدیم نیترو پروساید,
ملخص المقالة :
آرسنیک یکی از مهم ترین سموم آلوده کننده ی محیط زیست محسوب می شود. آرسنیک به طرق مختلف از جمله تشکیل گونه های اکسیژن فعـال و در نتیجه پراکسیداسیون لیپیدهای غشـایی باعث اختلال در رشــد گیاهان می شود. در این مطالعه اثر متقابل آرسنیک و سدیم نیترو پروساید (SNP) بر گیاه سویا بررسی شد. بدین منظور، سویا در مرحله چهار برگی مورد تیمار غلظت های مختلف آرسنیک (0 ،150 و300 میکرومولار) و SNP (صفر و 100میکرومولار) قرار گرفت و صفاتی نظیر غلظت پراکسید هیدروژن، پرولین، مالون دی آلدهید و فعالیت برخی آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدان در شاخساره اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت آرسنیک در محیط هوگلنـد، میزان کلروفیل کل در شاخساره بـه طـور معنی داری کاهش و فعالیت آنزیم های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت. همچنین، در تیمارهای آرسنیک تجمع پراکسید هیدروژن به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت که منجر به پراکسیداسیون لیپیدهای غشایی گردید. افزایش محتوای مالون دی آلدهید، این را تأیید نمود. به کارگیری SNP در محـیط حـاوی آرسنیک، میزان کلروفیل کل، فعالیت آنزیم های آسکوربات پراکسیداز و گایاکول پراکسیداز را به طور معنی داری افزایش داد ولی، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز با اسـتفاده از SNP در این شرایط کاهش پیدا کرد. بنـابراین، SNP در کـاهش آسـیب هـای اکسایشی می تواند نقش مؤثری داشته باشد.
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