اصالت‌سنجی و تشخیص تقلب مواد غذایی بر اساس تکنیک‌های انگشت‌نگاری و ابزارهای شیمی‌سنجی (مقاله مروری)
الموضوعات :
احسان سرلکی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، گروه مهندسی فنی کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران)
محمد ابونجمی
2
(دانشیار، گروه مهندسی فنی کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: تقلب, روش‌های تحلیلی, اصالت‌سنجی, شیمی‌سنجی, اثرانگشت مواد غذایی,
ملخص المقالة :
اصالت‌سنجی یک مسئله مهم در کنترل کیفیت، بهداشت و ایمنی مواد غذایی است. شناسایی و تعیین تقلب در مواد غذایی به‌منظور بررسی اجزای آن‌ها، کیفیت و صحت و اطمینان از ایمنی ماده غذایی و رضایت مصرف‌کنندگان نیاز به توسعه روش‌های تحلیلی نوین و مؤثر دارد. فنون انگشت‌نگاری شامل انگشت‌نگاری کروماتوگرافی، انگشت‌نگاری الکتروفورز، انگشت‌نگاری طیف‌سنجی و انگشت‌نگاری حسگرهای الکترونیکی هستند. در حال حاضر از میان این فنون، روش‌های کروماتوگرافی مایع (LC)، کروماتوگرافی گازی (GC)، طیف‌سنجی‌های مادون قرمز نزدیک (NIR) و مادون قرمز متوسط (MIR)، رامان (Raman)، تصویربرداری ابر طیفی (HSI) و رزونانس مغناطیسی هسته (NMR) به‌عنوان ابزارهای تحلیلی مرسوم موجود هستند و برای جلوگیری از تقلب مواد غذایی به‌کار گرفته می‌شوند. فنون NIR، MIR و Raman و هم‌چنین فنون انگشت‌نگاری حسگر-مبنا (بینی الکترونیکی (E-Nose)، زبان الکترونیکی (E-Tongue) و چشم الکترونیکی (E-Eye))، دارای مزایای بسیار مهمی از قبیل آنالیز سریع، پیشرفته و غیر-مخرب با هزینه‌های پایین هستند. انگشت‌نگاری مواد غذایی در ترکیب با ابزارهای شیمی‌سنجی یک تکنیک ارزشمند برای تشخیص تقلب و کنترل مواد غذایی به‌شمار می‌آید. در این مقاله مروری، انواع فنون انگشت‌نگاری مورداستفاده در شناسایی و تشخیص تقلب برای آنالیز اثرانگشت مواد غذایی موردبررسی قرار گرفته است و بر مزایا و معایب هر یک از فنون پرداخته شده و یافته‌های مقالات اخیر برای این فنون در حوزه اصالت‌سنجی مواد غذایی مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.
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