اثرپیش تیمار با غلظت‌های مختلف اوره بروی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمایی ذرت (Zea mays L.) تحت تنش شوری
الموضوعات :
هما زارعی
1
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، اردبیل، ایران،)
محمد صدقی
2
(استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.)
سلیم فرزانه
3
(استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی)
هانیه سعادت
4
(دکتری اکولوژی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات)
الکلمات المفتاحية: آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت, اوره, پرایمینگ, کلرید سدیم,
ملخص المقالة :
به منظور بررسی اثر پیش‌تیمار با غلظت‌های مختلف اوره روی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی ذرت تحت تنش شوری، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار در دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 1401 اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی سطوح مختلف شوری (صفر، 100 و ۲۰۰ میلی‌مولار) و سطوح مختلف محلول اوره (صفر، 5/1 و ۳ درصد) بود. نتایج نشان داد شوری درصدجوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، یکنواختی جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه را کاهش داد. ولی پیش‌تیمار با اوره این صفات را بهبود بخشید. بیش‌ترین میانگین مدت جوانه‌زنی در شوری200 میلی‌مولار و شاهد (آب مقطر) مشاهده شد. فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز با تشدید شوری افزایش یافتند و بیش‌ترین مقدار آن‌ها در شوری 200 میلی‌مولار مشاهده شد. پیش‌تیمار با محلول اوره 3 درصد این آنزیم‌ها را بهبود بخشید. فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسمیوتاز در پرایمینگ با اوره 3 درصد و شوری200 میلی‌مولار نسبت به شاهد حدود 61 درصد افزایش نشان داد. آنزیم آمیلاز و پروتئین در پیش‌تیمار با اوره 3 درصد و بدون شوری نسبت به شاهد به ترتیب حدود 73 و 70 درصد افزایش نشان دادند. با توجه به نتایج مشاهده شده بذرهای پرایم شده با محلول اوره 3 درصد بیش‌ترین تاثیر را در شرایط تنش شوری روی ذرت داشتند.
Abdoli, M. 2020. Effect of aging of seed and hydro-priming on germination characteristics and
activity of some antioxidant enzymes of hybrid corn (Zea mays L.). Seed Sci. Res. 7(2): 147-159
Acosta-Motos, J., Ortuño, M., Bernal-Vicente, A., Diaz-Vivancos, P., Sanchez-Blanco, M. and Hernandez, J. 2017. Plant responses to salt stress: adaptive mechanisms. Agronomy. 7(1): 1-38
Aebi, H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods of Enzymology, 105: 121-126
Afzal, I., Aslam, N., Mahmood, F., Hameed, A., Irfan, S. and Ahmed, G. 2004. Enhancement of germination and emergence of canola seeds by different priming Techniques. Caderno de pesquisa Biol. 16(1): 19-34
Afzal, I., Basra, S. M. A., Ahmad, R., and Iqbal, A. 2002. Effect of different seed vigour
enhancement techniques on hybrid maize (Zea mays L.). Pak. J. Agric. Sci. 39: 109-112
Al-Taisan, W. A. 2010. Comparative effects of drought and salt stresses on germination and seedling growth of Pennisetum divisum (Gmel.) Henr. Am. J. Appl. Sci. 7 (5):640-646
Ansari, O. and Sharifzadeh, F. 2012. Osmo and hydropriming mediated germination improvement under cold stress conditions in mountain rye (Secale montanum). Cercetari Agron. Mold. 3: 53-62
Ashraf, M. and Foolad, M. R. 2005. Pre-sowing seed treatment a shotgun approach to improve germination growth and crop yield under saline and none-saline conditions. Adv. Agron. 88: 223-271
Bahmani, M., Rahimi, D., Sadeghipour, A. and Kartuly Nezhad, D. 2016. Effects of priming with different concentrations of potassium salt on seed germination and vigor indices of (Capparis cartilaginea). J. Ran. 10(2): 180-190
Bakht, J., Shafi, Y., Jamal, Y. and Sher, H. 2011. Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to seed priming with NaCl and salinity stress. Span. J. Agri. Res. 9(1): 252-261
Basra, S. M. A., Pannu, I. A. and Afzal, I. 2003. Evaluation of seedling vigour of hydro and matriprimed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds. Int. Agri. Biol. 5:121- 123
Bor, M., Ozdemir, F. and Turkan, I. 2003. The effect of salt stress on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in leaves of sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. and wild beet Beta maritima L. Plant Sci. 164: 77-84
Caruso, G., Cavaliere, C., Foglia, P., Gubbiotti, R., Samperi, R. and Lagana, A. 2009. Analysis of drought responsive proteins in wheat (Triticum durum) by 2D-PAGE and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Plant Sci. 177: 570–576
Chaoui, A. and Ferjani, E. 2005. Effects of cadmium and copper on antioxidant
capacities, lignification and auxin degradiation in leaves of Pea (Pisium sativum L.) seedlings. Comptes Ren. Biol. 328: 23-31
Chen, K., Fessehaie, A. and Arora, R. 2012. Dehydrin metabolism is altered during seed osmopriming and subsequent germination under chilling and desiccation in Spinacia oleracea L. cv. Bloomsdale: possible role in stress tolerance. Plant Sci.183: 27-36
Copeland, L.O. and Mcdonald, M. B. 2012. Principles of seed sciences and technology. Second edition, Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing.
Duman, I. 2006. Effect of seed priming with PEG and K3PO4 on germination and seedling growth in lettuce. J. Biol. Sci. 9: 923-928
Farhoudi, R. 2018. Effect of seed halopriming on germination and seedling physiological
characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars Niknijad and Qods under salt stress
condition. Iran. J. Seed Sci. Res. 5(1): 95-107
Farooq, M., Basra, S. M. A., Tabas sum, R. and Afzal, I. 2006. Enhancing the performance of direct seeded, fine rice by seed priming. Plant Prod. Sci. 9: 446-456
Gholamalipoor, R. 2010. Effect of seed priming on growth and salinity tolerance of Cucurbita pepo under salt stress. J. Agr. Plant Breed. 6(2): 42-53
Gholami, A., Shahsavani, S. and Nezarat, S. 2009. The Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on germination, seedling growth and yield of maize. Proceedings of Word Academy of Science. Eng. Technol. 37: 2070-3740
Giannopolitis, C. N. and Ries, S. K. 1977. Suoeroxide dismutase. I. Occurrence in higher plants. J. Plant Physiol. 59: 309-314
Hasani, Z., Amraie, N., Ahmadi, K. and Omidi, H. 2021. Effect of priming on seed germination and morpho-physiological traits of Portulacaoleracea L. under salinity stress. Iran. J. Seed Sci. Res. 8(3): 293-310
Hassanzadeh Kohal Sofla, S. 2014. Effect of seed priming on seedling growth and antioxidant
enzymes activates of sweet corn under salinity condition. Iran. J. Plant Ecophysiol, 33(1):21-28
Hus J. L. and Sung, J. M. 1997. Antioxidant role of glutathione associated with accelerated aging and hydration of triploid Watermelon seeds. Physiol. Plantarum. 100: 967-974
Islam, F., Yasmeen, T., Ali, S., Ali, B., Farooq, M. and Gill, R. 2015. Priming-induced antioxidative responses in two wheat cultivars under saline stress. Acta Physiol. Plantarum, 37: 153-163
Jahantigh, O., Najafi, F., Naghdi Badi, H., Khavari-Nejad, R. and Sanjarian, F. 2016. Changesn in antioxid ant enzymes activities and proline, total phenol and anthocyanine contents in Hyssopus officinalis L. plants. J. Acta Biol. Hungarica. 67 (2): 195–204
Kafi, M. 2002. Cumin production and processing technology. University of Mashhad Publication. P 200
Kalpana, R. and Rao, M. K. V. 1995. On the ageing mechanism in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Seeds. Seed Sci. Technol. 23: 1-9
Kapoor, N., Aria, A., Siddiqui, M. A., Kumar, H. and Amir, A. 2011. Physiological and biochemical changes during seed deterioration in aged seeds of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Ameri. J. Plant Physiol. 6: 28-35.
Kaur, S., Gupta, A. K. and kaur, N. 2005. Seed priming increase crop yield possibly by
modulating enzymes of sucrose metabolism in chickpea. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 191:81-87
Khajeh-Hosseini, M., Powell, A. A. and Bingham, I. J. 2003. The interaction between salinity stress and seed vigour during germination of soybean seeds. Seed Sci. Technol. 31: 715-725.
Khan, M. U., Shirazi, M. A., Khan, S. M. and Mujtaba E. 2009. Role of proline, K/Na ratio and chlorophyll content in salt tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pak. J. Bot. 41(2): 633-638
MacAdam, J. W., Nelson, R. and Sharp, E. 1992. Peroxidase activity in the leaf elongation zone of tall fescue. Plant Physiol. 99: 872-878
MacDonald, M. B. 1999. Seed deterioration: physiology, repaired and assessment. Seed Sci. Technol. 27: 177-237
Mansouri, A. and Omidi, H. 2018. Effects of potassium nitrate on germination indices of green basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under water deficit stress. J. Seed Res. 8(2):19-28
Matsushima, K.I. and Sakagami, J.I. 2013. Effects of seed hydropriming on germination and seedling vigor during emergence of rice under different soil moisture conditions. Am. J. Plant Sci. 4(8): 1584-1593
McDonald, M. B. 1998. Seed quality assessment. Seed Sci. Res. 8: 265-275
Mittler, R. 2002. Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance. Trends Plant Sci. 7: 405-410
Nawaz, A., Amjad, M., Pervez, M. A. and Afzal, I. 2011. Effect of halopriming on germination and seedling vigor of tomato. African J. Agri. Res. 6: 3551-3559
Netondo, G.W., Onyango, J. and Beck E. 2004. Sorghum and Salinity: I. Response of growth, water relation, and ion accumulation to NaCl salinity. Crop Sci. 44:797-805
Omidi, H., Leyla, J. and Hasanali, N. 2014. Seeds of medicinal plants and crops. Natural Res. Environ.269-189
Omidi, H., Soroushzadeh, A., Salehi, A. and Ghezeli, F. 2005. Evaluation of priming pretreatments on germination rapeseed. Agri. Sci. Technol. 19(2): 1-10
Parihar, P., Singh, S., Singh, R., Singh, V. P. and Prasad, S. M. 2015. Effect of salinity stress on plants and its tolerance strategies: a review. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 22(6): 4056-4075.
Qasim, M., Ashraf, M. M., Jamil, A. M., Rehman, Y. S. and Rha, E. S. 2012. Water relations and gas exchange properties in some elite canola (Brassica napus L.) lines under salt stress. An. Appli. Biol. 142: 307-316
Saadat, H., Sedghi, M., Seyed Sharifi, R. and Farzaneh, S. 2023a. Effect of chitosan on germination indices of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) (cv. Sedri) seeds under salt stress. Iranian J. Seed Res. 9(2): 10
Saadat, T., Alidoost, H. and Sedghi, M. 2021.The effect of priming and exhaustion on the germination of rice seed masses with different strength. J. Seed Res. 10(37):65-73
Saadat. H., Soltani, E. and Sedghi, M. 2023b. The effect of seed priming with chitosan on germination characteristics and activity of antioxidant enzymes in rice seedlings (Oryza Sativa L.) under salinity stress. Plant Pro. Fun. 12(54): 15
Saeedi Goraghani, H. R., Ranjbar Fordoei, A., Soleimani Sardo, M. and Mahdavi, M. J. 2017. Effect of salinity and drought stresses on germination stage and growth of black cumin (Bunium Persicum Boiss). Iran. J. Field Crops Res. 15(1): 1-7
Shekari, F., Baljani, R., Saba, J., Afsahi, K. and. Shekari, F. 2010. Effect of seed priming with salicylic acid on growth characterisics of borage (Borago officinalis) plants seedlings. J. New Agri. Sci. 6(18): 47-53
Shinde, S., Paralikar, P., Ingle, A. and Rai, M. 2018. Promotion of seed germination and seedling growth of Zea mays by magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles synthesized by the filtrate from Aspergillus niger. Arab. J. Chem. 13: 3172–3182
Soltani, A., Galeshi, S., Zeinali, E. and Latifi, N. 2001. Genetic variation for and interrelationships among seed vigor traits in wheat from the Caspian Sea voasts of Iran. Seed Sci. Technol. 29: 653-662
Sung, F. J. and Chang, Y. H. 1993. Biochemical activities associated with priming of sweet corn seeds to improve vigor. Seed Sci. Technol. 21: 97-105
Tania, S. S., Rhaman, M. S. and Hossain, M. M. 2020. Hydro-priming and halo-priming improve seed germination, yield and yield contributing characters of okra (Abelmoschusesculentus L.). Trop. Plant Res. 7: 86–93
Zanoosh, Z., Ansari, M. H. and Mostafavi Raad, M. 2014. The effect of chemical and biological priming on yield and yield components of fava plant (Vicia faba L.). J. Plant Environ. Physiol. 10 (40): 73-83.
Zorb, C., Geilfus, C., Mühling, K. and Ludwig-Müller, J. 2013. The influence of salt stress on ABA and auxin concentrations in two maize cultivars differing in salt resistance. J. Plant Physiol. 170: 220 – 224
