تاثیر برخی پرایمینگ‌های هورمونی بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه بالنگوی سیاه (Lallemantia iberica Fisch. & C.A.Mey) در شرایط تنش خشکی
الموضوعات :طاهر همراهی 1 , منصوره قوام 2 , علی طویلی 3
1 - کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.
3 - دانشیار، گروه احیا مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: خشکی, بذر, اسید سالسیلیک, تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد, اسید سالسیلیکتنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد,
ملخص المقالة :
در سراسر دنیا یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل غیر زیستی و محدود‌کننده جوانه‌زنی و هم‌چنین رشد اولیه گیاهچه‌ها، تنش خشکی است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر پرایمینگ هورمون‌های شیمیایی بر بذر گیاه دارویی بالنگوی سیاه در مراحل اولیۀ رشد و نقش آن در کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار جداگانه درآزمایشگاه مرکز آموزش جهاد کشاورزی شهر تبریر طراحی و انجام شد. فاکتور اول پرایمینگ با اسید سالیسیلیک (100، 200 و 300 میلی‌گرم برلیتر)، اسید آسکوربیک (100، 200 و 300 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و اکسین (50، 100و 150 ppm) و آب‌مقطر به‌عنوان شاهد و فاکتور دوم 5 سطح خشکی (0، 3/0-، 6/0-، 9/0- و 2/1- مگاپاسکال) با پلی‌اتیلین گلایکول6000 بود. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس نشان‌داد که پرایمینگ و تیمارهای خشکی و اثرات متقابل آنها بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بذر بالنگوی سیاه اثر معنی‌داری در سطح 1 درصد دارند. تنش خشکی تأثیر بازدارنده‌ای برخصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه داشت و عدم جوانه زنی در سطح خشکی 9/0- و 2/1- مگاپاسکال ثبت شد. لیکن تاثیر منفی این تنش‌ها در بذرهای پرایمینگ شده به‌‌مراتب پایین‌تر از بذور پرایمینگ نشده بود. بیشترین تأثیر به وسیله اسیدسالیسیلیک 200 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر (79 درصد جوانه زنی در سطح خشکی 3/0- مگاپاسکال) و کم‌ترین تأثیر توسط هورمون اکسین با 13 درصد جوانه زنی در سطح خشکی 9/0- مگاپاسکال مشاهده شد. از این رو تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید بهترین تیمار برای کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی بر روی مؤلفه‌های مختلف جوانه‌زنی بالنگوی سیاه بود.
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