تغییرات سیستم‌های پاداکساینده در انواع برگ‌های رنگی شمشاد طلایی (Euonymus japonicus Thunb.)

الموضوعات :

نادر چاپارزاده ¹ (گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران)
سمانه صفی خانی ² (گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران)
لیلا زرندی میاندوآب ³ (گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران)

تاريخ الإرسال : 27 الأربعاء , ربيع الثاني, 1438 تاريخ التأكيد : 02 الأحد , رمضان, 1438 تاريخ الإصدار : 22 الثلاثاء , جمادى الثانية, 1438

الکلمات المفتاحية: پراکسیداز, پراکسید هیدروژن, شمشاد, ترکیبات فنلی, اکسیداتیو,

ملخص المقالة :

برخی نشانگرهای فیزیولوژیکی و پاسخ های آنتی اکسیدان در انواع برگ های رنگی درختچه ‍زینتی همیشه سبز شمشاد طلایی (Euonymus japonicus Thunb.) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. این درختچه دارای سه نوع برگ به رنگ های سبز تیره، سبز روشن و زرد می باشد. در این سه نوع برگ نشانگرهای تنش اکسیداتیو (غلظت پراکسید هیدروژن، پایداری غشاهای سلولی و پراکسیداسیون چربی ها)، فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و برخی ترکیبات آنتی اکسیدان (ترکیبات فنلی، پرولین و اسیدهای آمینه آزاد) مطالعه شدند. نوع برگ بر محتوای پراکسید هیدروژن، میزان پایداری غشاهای سلولی و پراکسیداسیون چربی های غشایی تاثیر معنی دار گذاشت. مقدار اسیدهای آمینه آزاد و پرولین در برگ های زرد به شکل معنی داری از برگ های سبز تیره و روشن بیشتر بود. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار ترکیبات فنولی آزاد به ترتیب در برگ های سبز تیره و زرد وجود داشت. یک الگوی افزایش فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز در برگ های سبز روشن نسبت به سبز تیره و برگ های زرد نسبت به برگ های سبز روشن مشاهده شد. از داده های حاضر می توان نتیجه گرفت که با وجود فعالیت سیستم های آنتی اکسیدان، تغییر رنگ برگ ها از سبز تیره تا زرد منجر به افزایش آسیب های اکسیداتیو می شود.

المصادر:

Chaparzadeh, N., Safikhani, S. and Zarandi-Miandoab, L. (2016). Study of pigments markers in leaves of Japanese spindle (Euonymus  japonicus Thunb.). Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology. 10(40): 13-20.

Ghodrati, M., Chaparzadeh, N. and Dilmaghani, K. (2014). Interactive effects of copper and ascorbic acid on some physiological characters in Allium cepa L. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology. 5(18):37-52.

Ahmad, P., Sarwat, M. and Sharma, S. (2008). Reactive oxygen species, antioxidants and signaling in plants. Journal of Plant Biology. 51: 167-173.

 Barcelo, A.R., Pomar, F., Lopez-Serrano, M. and Pedreno, M.A. (2003). Peroxidase: a multifunctional enzyme in grapevines. Functional Plant Biology. 30: 577-591.

Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P. and Teare, I.D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil. 39: 205-207.

Chaparzadeh, N., Aftabi, Y., Dolati, M., Mehrnejad, F. and Pessarakli, M. (2014). Salinity tolerance ranking of various wheat landraces from the west of the Urmia saline lake in Iran by using physiological parameters. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 37(7): 1025-1039.

Cheeseman, J.M. (2006). Hydrogen peroxide concentrations in leaves under natural conditions. Journal of Experimental Botany. 57: 2435-2444.

Deng, B. (2012). Antioxidative response of Golden Agave leaves with different degrees of variegation under high light exposure. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 34: 1925-1933.

Diaz, C., Saliba-Colombani, V., Loudet, O., Belluomo, P., Moreau, L., Daniel-Vedele, F., Morot-Gaudry, J.F. and Masclaux-Daubresse, C. (2006). Leaf yellowing and anthocyanin accumulation are two genetically independent strategies in response to nitrogen limitation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant and Cell Physiology. 47(1): 74-83.

Edreva, A. (2005). The importance of non-photosynthetic pigments and cinnamic acid derivatives in photoprotection. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 106(1&2): 135-146.

Esteban R., Fernandez-Marin B., Becerril J. and Garcia-Plzaola, J. (2008). Photoprotective implications of leaf variegation in Erytronium dens-canis L. and Pulmonaria officinalis L. Journal of Plant Physiology. 165(12): 1255-1263.

Fabro, G., Kovacs, I., Pavet, V., Szabados, L. and Alvarez M.E. (2004). Proline accumulation and AtP5CS2 gene activation are induced by plant-pathogen incompatible interactions in Arabidopsis.

 the American Phytopathological Society. 17: 343-350.

Foudree, A., Putarjunan, A., Kambakam, S., Nolan, T., Fussell, J., Pogorelko, G. and Rodermel, S. (2012). The Mechanism of variegation in immutans provides insight into chloroplast biogenesis. Frontiers in Plant Science. 3: 260.

Gould, K.S., McKelvie, J. and Markham, K.R. (2002). Do anthocyanins function as antioxidants in leaves? Imaging of H₂O₂ in red and green leaves after mechanical injury. Plant, Cell and Environment, 25: 1261-1269.

Hasanuzzaman, M., Alam, M.M., Rahman, A., Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K. and Fujita, M. (2014). Exogenous proline and glycine betaine mediated upregulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems provides better protection against salt-induced oxidative stress in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. BioMed Research International. 2014: 1-17.

Hu, F., Zhu, Y., Wu, W., Xie, Y. and Huang, J. (2015). Leaf variegation of thylakoid formation1 is suppressed by mutations of specific σ-factors in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology. 168(3): 1066-1075.

Jimenez-Francisco, B., Trejo, C., Zavaleta-Mancera, H., Moreno-Gómez, B., Garcia-Moya, E., Conde-Martnez, F. and Aguado-Santacruz, G. (2016). Ultrastructural and physiological characterization of YELP, a novel, yellow, chlorophyll-deficient cell mutant line that develops etioplast-like plastids in the light. American Journal of Plant Sciences. 7: 510-524.

Jin S.H., Li, X.Q., Zheng, B.S. and Wang J.G. (2010). Response of the photosynthesis and antioxidant systems to high-temperature stress in Euonymus japonicus seedlings. Forest Science. 56(2): 172-180.

 Julkunen, R.T. (1985). Phenolic constituents in the leaves of northern willows: methods for the analysis of certain phenolics. Journal Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 33 (2): 213–217.

Krishnamurthy, A. and Rathinasabapathi, B. (2013). Oxidative stress tolerance in plants: novel interplay between auxin and reactive oxygen species signaling. Plant Signaling and Behavior. 8(10): e25761.

Krizek, D.T., Britz, S.J. and Mirecki, R.M. (1998). Inhibitory effects of ambient levels of solar UV-A and UV-B radiation on growth of cv. new red fire lettuce. Physiologia Plantarum. 103(1): 1-7.

Lin, J.N. and Kao, C.H. (1998). Effect of oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide on senescence of rice leaves. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica. 39: 161-165.

Lutts, S. and Lefevre, I. (2015). How can we take advantage of halophyte properties to cope with heavy metal toxicity in salt-affected areas? Annals of Botany. 115(3): 509-528.

Miura, E., Kato, Y. and Sakamoto, W. (2010). Comparative transcriptome analysis of green/white variegated sectors in Arabidopsis yellow variegated2: responses to oxidative and other stresses in white sectors. Journal of Experimental Botany. 61: 2433-2445.

Mole, S., Ross, J.A.M. and Waterman, P.G. (1988). Light-induced variation in phenolic levels in foliage of rain forest plants. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 14: 1-21.

Muller, P., Li X. and Niyogi, K.K. (2001). Non-photochemical quenching. A response to excess light energy. Plant Physiology. 125(4): 1558-1566.

Muller-Moule, P., Havaux, M. and Niyogi, K.K. (2003). Zeaxanthin deficiency enhances the high light sensitivity of an ascorbate-deficient mutant of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology. 133: 748-760.

Nimse, S.B. and Pal, D. (2015). Free radicals, natural antioxidants, and their reaction mechanisms. RSC Advances. 5(35): 27986-28006.

Pandey, K.B. and Rizvi, S.I. (2009). Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2(5): 270-278.

Pogorelko, G.V., Kambakam, S., Nolan, T., Foudree, A., Zabotina, O.A. and Rodermel S.R. (2016). Impaired chloroplast biogenesis in immutans, an arabidopsis variegation mutant, modifies developmental programming, cell wall composition and resistance to Pseudomonas syringae. Public Library of Science ONE. 11(4): e0150983.

Puthur, J.T. (2016). Antioxidants and cellular antioxidation mechanism in plants. South Indian Journal of Biological Sciences. 2(1): 9-13.

Shepherd, T. and Griffiths, W. (2006). The effect of stress on plant cuticular waxes. New Phytologist. 171: 469-499.

Szalai, G., Janda, T., Bartok, T. and Paldi, E. (1997). Role of light in changes in free amino acid and polyamine contents at chilling temperature in maize (Zea mays). Physiologia Plantarum. 101: 434-438.

Takahashi, S., Tamashiro, A., Sakihama, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Kawamitsu, Y. and Yamasaki, H. (2002). High susceptibility of photosynthesis to photoinhibition in the tropical plant Ficus microcarpa L.f.cv. golden leaves. BioMed Central Plant Biology. 2: 1-8.

Tanabe, Y. and Kawashima, N. (1982). Comparison of free and bound amino acids in white and green tissues of Variegated Tobacco plants. Plant and Cell Physiology. 23: 433-439.

Tattini, M., Galardi, C., Pinelli, P., Massai, R., Remorini, D. and Agati, G. (2004). Differential accumulation of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamates in leaves of Ligustrum vulgare underexcess light and drought stress. New Phytologist.163(3): 547-561.

Yamasaki, H., Takahashi, S. and Heshiki, R. (1999). The tropical fig Ficus microcarpa L. cv. golden leaves lacks heat-stable dehydroascorbate reductase activity. Plant Cell Physiology. 40: 640-646.

Yamasaki, H., Heshiki, R. and Ikehara, N. (1995). Leaf-goldenning induced by high light in Ficus microcarpa L. a tropical fig.  Journal of Plant Research. 108(2): 171-180.

Yu, J., Zhang, J. Zhao, Q., Liu, Y., Chen, S., Guo, H., Shi, L. and Dai, S. (2016). Proteomic analysis reveals the leaf color regulation mechanism in chimera Hosta “Gold Standard” leaves. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 17: 346.