بررسی تاثیر منابع مختلف کود ازته و نوع بستر کشت بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه پریوش Catharanthus roseus در شرایط بام سبز
بررسی تاثیر منابع مختلف کود ازته و نوع بستر کشت بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه پریوش Catharanthus roseus در شرایط بام سبز
الموضوعات :
فاطمه کاظمی
1
,
سیده ملیحه ربانی خیرخواه
2
,
منصوره جوزای
3
1 - گروه باغبانی و فضای سبز ، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 - دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران،
الکلمات المفتاحية: ازت, بام سبز, بستر کشت, تغذیه.,
ملخص المقالة :
انتخاب بستر کشت مناسب و تغذیه گیاهان از جنبه‌های کلیدی بام‌سبز در راستای رسیدن به کارکردهای مهم اکولوژیک آن می‌باشد. این تحقیق در بهار و تابستان سال 1400 در شرایط بام سبز مشهد به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار بر روی گیاه پریوش انجام شد. تیمار اول کود ازته (سولفات آمونیوم و اوره سولفور در سه دز صفر، 25 و 50 گرم بر مترمربع) و تیمار دوم نوع بستر کشت (حاوی خاک و بدون خاک) بود. نتایج نشان داد پریوش به وجود یا عدم وجود خاک در بستر کشت عکس‌العمل محسوسی نشان نمی‌دهد. اما کاربرد کود ازته به طور چشمگیری موجب بهبود رشد و عملکرد گیاه می‌گردد. پایین‌ترین شوری (حدود 1 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) و پایین‌ترین اسیدیته بستر کشت (حدود 7) با کاربرد تمامی غلظت‌های دو کود ازته بدست آمد و کاهش اسیدیته بستر کشت با کاربرد کود موجب جذب بهتر مواد غذایی توسط گیاه و افزایش محتوی‌آب برگ (تا 100%)، کاهش نشت الکترولیت (تا 90%) و افزایش کلروفیل (تا میزان 5/2 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم)و بهبود فتوسنتز گردید. متعاقبا بیشترین تعداد گل (53 عدد در بوته)، اندکس رشد (12000 سانتی‌متر‌مربع)، وزن تر و خشک شاخساره (به ترتیب 120 و 26 گرم )، وزن تر و خشک ریشه (به ترتیب 5/4 و 3/1 گرم) در تیمار اوره سولفور بود. لذا، با توجه به نتایج حاصل، استفاده از 25 گرم بر مترمربع از کود سولفات آمونیوم و اوره سولفور و هر دو نوع بستر کشت برای کشت گیاه پریوش روی بام سبز توصیه می‌شود.
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