بررسی ترکیبهای شیمیائی اسانس گیاه "کَک کُش بیابانی" (Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss.) منطقه بَرزُک کاشان
الموضوعات :حسین بتولی 1 , عبدالرسول حقیر ابراهیم آبادی 2 , ایمان کریمی 3 , اسماء مازوچی 4
1 - استادیار پژوهش مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان (باغ گیاهشناسی کاشان)
2 - دانشیار، پژوهشکده اسانسهای طبیعی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.
3 - 3دانشآموخته کارشناسیارشد شیمی و فنآوری اسانس، پژوهشکده اسانسهای طبیعی دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.
4 - کارشناسارشد آزمایشگاه پژوهشکده اسانسهای طبیعی دانشگاه کاشان،کاشان ،ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: 1, کاشان, اسانس, ترکیبهای شیمیائی, 8- سینئول, کککُش بیابانی, مونوترپنها,
ملخص المقالة :
جنس "کک کُش" (Pulicaria Gaerth.) متعلق به تیره کاسنی (Asteraceae)، دارای گونههای بوته ای متعددی است که تاکنون بالغ بر صد گونه از این جنس در جهان و پنج گونه از ایران گزارش شده است. در این تحقیق ترکیبهای شیمیائی اسانس گیاه "کک کُش بیابانی" (Pulicaria gnaphalodes(Vent.) Boiss.) منطقه بَرزُک کاشان مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. این گونه در نواحی وسیعی از مناطق مرکزی، غربی و شرقی ایران، به ویژه اراضی آبرفتی دامنه ارتفاعات کوهستانی، دارای رویشگاههای طبیعی است. سرشاخه های هوایی و گل دار گیاه در سال 1393 از گستره رویشگاه های طبیعی (واقع در ارتفاعات 2100 متری بَرزُک کاشان)، جمعآوری و در شرایط آزمایشگاه خشک و به روش تقطیر با آب (طرح کلونجر) اسانسگیری شدند. برای شناسایی ترکیبهای تشکیلدهنده اسانس، از دستگاههای گاز کروماتوگرافی (GC) و گاز کروماتوگرافی متصل شده به طیفسنج جرمی (GC/MS) استفاده شد. راندمان اسانس سرشاخه های گل دار گیاه در شهریورماه، 045/0 وزنی/وزنی بدست آمد. 36 ترکیب شیمیایی در اسانس گیاه شناسایی شدند. اجزای اصلی اسانس شامل: 1، 8- سینئول (93/22 درصد)، آلفا- پینن (13/8 درصد)، آمورفا-4، 9- دی ان-2- اُل (36/8 درصد) و میرتنول (24/7 درصد) بودند. بخش عمده ترکیب های تشکیل دهنده اسانس اندام های هوایی گیاه، مونو ترپن های اکسیژن دار بودند. این در حالی است که سسکوئیترپن های هیدروکربنی، کمترین اجزاء اسانس را به خود اختصاص دادند.
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