بررسی فیتوشیمیایی و اثر ضد میکروبی عصارۀ گیاه دارویی Moringa oleifera Lam. تکثیر یافته از طریق کشت بافت
الموضوعات :
آسیه اسحاق زاده
1
(گروه فیتوشیمی و شیمی فناوری اسانس، دانشکده شیمی دارویی، واحد علوم دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
محبوبه طاهرخانی
2
(گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: کشت بافت, استخراج, کوئرستین, آنتی باکتریال, گز روغنی,
ملخص المقالة :
گیاه گز روغنی (Moringa oleifera Lam) یک درخت گرمسیری متعلق به خانوادۀ Moringaceae و دارای 14 گونه در آفریقا، ماداگاسکار، آسیای غربی و شبه قاره هند است. این تحقیق به بررسی فیتوشیمیایی و اثرات ضد میکروبی عصارۀ گیاه M. oleifera تکثیر یافته از طریق کشت درون شیشه ای در ایران می پردازد. در بهار سال 1395، با کشت بافت اثرات محیط را بر روی مقدار و میزان ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی حذف کردیم و بدینصورت از توان و پتانسیل ژنتیکی گیاه آگاه شدیم. عصارۀ گیاه کشت بافتی به روش خیساندن در حلال، استخراج و نهایتاٌ ترکیب کوئرستین به عنوان یک فلاونوئید از طریق کروماتوگرافی ستونی و لایه نازک، استخراج، خالص سازی و سپس از طریق طیف سنجی رزونانس مغناطیسی هسته و تکنیک مادون قرمز شناسایی و تعیین ساختار مولکولی گردید. همچنین اثر آنتی میکروبی عصارۀ تام این گیاه توسط خیساندن در سه حلال متانول، کلروفرم و اتیل استات علیه چهار سویه باکتریایی Staphylococcus aureus ،Bacillus subtilis ، Pseudomonas aeruginosa و Escherichia coli به روش چاهک پلیت در محیط مایع مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و در نهایت حداقل غلظت مهار کنندگی رشد (MIC) و حداقل غلظت کشندگی باکتری (MBC) برای سویه های مذکور تعیین گردید. بزرگترین هاله عدم رشد مربوط به عصارۀ متانولی و به میزان 20 میلی متر بدست آمد. مؤثرترین نتیجه با توجه به مقادیرMIC و MBC مربوط به تأثیر عصاره متانولی بر روی سویۀ E. coli با غلظت 40 mg/ml بدست آمد. در نتیجه عصارۀ گیاه M. oleifera منبع غنی از مواد آنتی اکسیدانی نظیر فلاونوئید ها و همچنین عصارۀ متانولی آن دارای خاصیت آنتی میکروبی قابل توجهی می باشد.
المصادر:
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Akya, A., Mojarab, M., Farshchian, M. and Ahmadi, K. (2014). The effect of stem bark extracts of Tamarix ramosissim shrub on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, 19(4): 128-134.
Amabye, T.G. and Tadesse, F.M. (2016). Phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Moringa Oleifera available in the market of mekelle. Journal of Analytical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2(1): 00011. DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2016.02.00011.
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Asare, G.A., Gyan, B., Bugyei, K., Adjei, S., Mahama, R., Addo, P., Otu-Nyarko, L., Wiredu, E.K. and Nyarko, A. (2012). Toxicity potentials of the nutraceutical Moringa oleiferaat supra supplementation levels. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 139(1): 265-272.
Azizian Shermeh, O., Taherizadeh, M., Valizadeh, M. and Qasemi, A. (2018). Robial and antioxidant activities and determining phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts of five species from different families of the medicinal plants grown in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 7: 465-479.
Bagheri, G., Martorell, M., Ramírez-Alarcón, K., Salehi, B. and Sharifi-Rad, J. (2020). phytochemical screening of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and their antimicrobial activities. Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-le-grand, France), 66(1): 20-26. PMID: 32359378.
Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M. and Ibnsouda, S.K. (2016). Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 6(2): 71-79.
Barreto, M.B., Freitas, J.V.B.D., Silveira, E.R., Bezerra, A.M.E., Nunes, E.P. and Gramosa, N.V. (2009). Volatile and non-volatile chemical constituents of Moringa oleifera Lam., Moringaceae. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 19(4): 893-897.
Bina, B., Shasavani, A., Asghare, G. and Hasanzade, A. (2007). Comparison of water turbidity removal efficiencies of Moringa oleifera seed extract and poly-aluminum chloride. Journal of Water and Wastewater, 18(1): 24-33.
Biswas, D., Nandy, S., Mukherjee, A., Pandey, D.K. and Dey, A. (2020). Moringa oleifera Lam. and derived phytochemicals as promising antiviral agents: A review. South African Journal of Botany, 129: 272-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.07.049.
Daghaghele, S., Kiasat, A.R., safiodin ardebili, S.M., Mirzajani, R., (2022). Evaluation of different extraction methods of phytochemical and antioxidant compounds of Moringa oleifera leaf extract. Journal of food science and technology (FSCT), 18(121) :163-172.
Daghaghele, S., Kiasat, A.R., Safieddin Ardebili,S.M., Mirzajani, R. (2021). Intensification of extraction of antioxidant compounds from Moringa Oleifera leaves Using ultrasound-assisted approach: BBD-RSM design. International Journal of Fruit Science, 21(1): 693-705.
Dhakad, A.K., Ikram, M., Sharma, S., Khan, S., Pandey, V.V. and Singh, A. (2019). Biological, nutritional, and therapeutic significance of Moringa oleifera Lam. Phytotherapy research: PTR, 33(11): 2870-2903. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6475.
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Govahi, M., Ghorbani, F., Ranjbar, M., Rahaiee, S. and Azizi, H. (2019). Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity and determination of phenolic and flavonoid content of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Scutellaria pekinensis. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 27(3): 91-100.
Gull, I., Javed, A., Aslam, M.S., Mushtaq, R. and Athar, M.A. (2016). Use of Moringa oleifera flower pod extract as natural preservative and development of SCAR marker for Its DNA based identification. Bio Med research international, 2016: 7584318. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7584318.
Hendra, R., Ahmad, S., Sukari, A., Shukor, M.Y. and Oskoueian, E. (2011). Flavonoid analyses and antimicrobial activity of various parts of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) boerl. fruit. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 12(6): 3422-3431.
Katayon, S., Megat Mohd Noor, M.J., Asma, M., Abdul Ghani, L.A., Thamer, A.M., Azni, I., Ahmad, J. Khor, B.C., and Suleyman, A.M. (2006). Effects of storage condition of Moringa oleifera seeds on its performance in coagulation. Bioresource Technology, 97(13): 1455-1460.
Kebreab, A.G. (2004). Moringa seed and pumice as alternative natural materials for drinking water treatment. KTH Land and Water Resources Engineering Univ., Trital wr PhD Thesis 1013.
Khorasani Esmaeili, A., Taha, R.M., Mohajer, S. and Banisalam, B. (2015). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of various solvent extracts from in vivo and in vitro grown Trifolium pretense L. (Red clover). Bio Med Research International, 2015: 1-11.
Khoroushi M, Khorasgani M R, Aliasghari A. (2017). Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of two plants extract on cariogenic streptococci. Journal of Dental Medicine, 30(1) :12-17.
Korkina, L.G. and Afanas'ev, I.B. (1996). Antioxidant and chelating properties of flavonoids. Adv Pharmacol 38: 151-163.
Landázuri, A.C., Gualle, A., Castañeda, V., Morales, E., Caicedo, A. and Orejuela-Escobar, L. M. (2020). Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf powder antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity in human primary fibroblasts. Natural Product Research, DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1837804.
Lenin, S., Ramasamy, S. and Revathy, D. (2021). Evaluate the effectiveness of phytochemical, physicochemical and mineral analysis of Moringa oleifera (Drum Stick Leaves). Indian Journal of Pharmacy & Drugs Studies, 2(2): 20-24.https://mansapublishers.com/IJPDS/article/view/2959
Marrufo, T., Nazzaro, F., Mancini, E., Fratianni, F., Coppola, R., De Martino, L., Bela Agostinho, A. and De Feo, V. (2013). Chemical composition and biologicala of the essential oil from leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam. Cultivated in Mozambique. Molecules, 18(9): 10989-11000.
Meireles, D., Gomes, J., Lopes, L., Hinzmann, M. and Machado, J. (2020). A review of properties, nutritional and pharmaceutical applications of Moringa oleifera: integrative approach on conventional and traditional Asian medicine. Advances in Traditional Medicine, 20: 495-515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-020-00468-0.
Minaiyan, M., Asghari, G., Taheri, D., Saeidi, M. and Nasr-Esfahani, S. (2014). Anti-inflammatory effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds on acetic acid-induced acute colitis in rats. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 4(2): 127-136.
Moeini, F., Mohammadi-Sichani, M. and Shahanipoor. K. (2015). Evaluation of the antibacterial effect of methanol and aqueous extracts of Vaccinium Arctostaphylos fruit against Salmonella spp in vitro. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,14(4): 257-268.
Mukunzi, D., Nsor-Atindana, J., Xiaoming, Z., Gahungu, A., Karangwa, E. and Mukamurezi, G. (2011). Comparison of volatile profile of Moringa oleifera leaves from Rwanda and China using HS-SPME. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 10(7): 602-608.
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Akintelu, S.A., Folorunso, A.S. and Oyebamiji, A.K. (2021). Phytochemical and antibacterial investigation of Moringa oleifera seed: experimental and computational approaches. Eclética Química Journal, 46(2): 17-25.
Akya, A., Mojarab, M., Farshchian, M. and Ahmadi, K. (2014). The effect of stem bark extracts of Tamarix ramosissim shrub on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, 19(4): 128-134.
Amabye, T.G. and Tadesse, F.M. (2016). Phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Moringa Oleifera available in the market of mekelle. Journal of Analytical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2(1): 00011. DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2016.02.00011.
Anwar, F., Latif, S., Ashraf, M. and Gilani, A.H. (2007). Moringa oleifera: a food plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phytotherapy Research, 21(1):17-25.
Anzano, A., Ammar, M., Papaianni, M., Grauso, L., Sabbah, M., Capparelli, R. and Lanzotti, V. (2021). Moringa oleifera Lam.: a phytochemical and pharmacological overview. Horticulturae, 7, 409. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7100409.
Asare, G.A., Gyan, B., Bugyei, K., Adjei, S., Mahama, R., Addo, P., Otu-Nyarko, L., Wiredu, E.K. and Nyarko, A. (2012). Toxicity potentials of the nutraceutical Moringa oleiferaat supra supplementation levels. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 139(1): 265-272.
Azizian Shermeh, O., Taherizadeh, M., Valizadeh, M. and Qasemi, A. (2018). Robial and antioxidant activities and determining phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts of five species from different families of the medicinal plants grown in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 7: 465-479.
Bagheri, G., Martorell, M., Ramírez-Alarcón, K., Salehi, B. and Sharifi-Rad, J. (2020). phytochemical screening of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and their antimicrobial activities. Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-le-grand, France), 66(1): 20-26. PMID: 32359378.
Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M. and Ibnsouda, S.K. (2016). Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 6(2): 71-79.
Barreto, M.B., Freitas, J.V.B.D., Silveira, E.R., Bezerra, A.M.E., Nunes, E.P. and Gramosa, N.V. (2009). Volatile and non-volatile chemical constituents of Moringa oleifera Lam., Moringaceae. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 19(4): 893-897.
Bina, B., Shasavani, A., Asghare, G. and Hasanzade, A. (2007). Comparison of water turbidity removal efficiencies of Moringa oleifera seed extract and poly-aluminum chloride. Journal of Water and Wastewater, 18(1): 24-33.
Biswas, D., Nandy, S., Mukherjee, A., Pandey, D.K. and Dey, A. (2020). Moringa oleifera Lam. and derived phytochemicals as promising antiviral agents: A review. South African Journal of Botany, 129: 272-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.07.049.
Daghaghele, S., Kiasat, A.R., safiodin ardebili, S.M., Mirzajani, R., (2022). Evaluation of different extraction methods of phytochemical and antioxidant compounds of Moringa oleifera leaf extract. Journal of food science and technology (FSCT), 18(121) :163-172.
Daghaghele, S., Kiasat, A.R., Safieddin Ardebili,S.M., Mirzajani, R. (2021). Intensification of extraction of antioxidant compounds from Moringa Oleifera leaves Using ultrasound-assisted approach: BBD-RSM design. International Journal of Fruit Science, 21(1): 693-705.
Dhakad, A.K., Ikram, M., Sharma, S., Khan, S., Pandey, V.V. and Singh, A. (2019). Biological, nutritional, and therapeutic significance of Moringa oleifera Lam. Phytotherapy research: PTR, 33(11): 2870-2903. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6475.
Farooq, B., Koul, B., Mahant, D. and Yadav, D. (2021). Phytochemical analyses, antioxidant and anticancer activities of ethanolic leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera Lam. varieties. Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 10(11), 2348. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112348.
Fahey, J.W. (2005). Moringa oleifera: A review of the medical evidence for its nutritional, therapeutic, and prophylactic properties. Part 1. Trees for Life Journal, 1: 1-33.
Fernandes, Â., Bancessi, A., Pinela, J., Dias, M. I., Liberal, Â., Calhelha, R. C., Ćirić, A., Soković, M., Catarino, L., Ferreira, I. and Barros, L. (2021). Nutritional and phytochemical profiles and biological activities of Moringa oleifera Lam. edible parts from Guinea-Bissau (West Africa). Food chemistry, 341(Pt 1): 128229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128229.
Govahi, M., Ghorbani, F., Ranjbar, M., Rahaiee, S. and Azizi, H. (2019). Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity and determination of phenolic and flavonoid content of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Scutellaria pekinensis. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 27(3): 91-100.
Gull, I., Javed, A., Aslam, M.S., Mushtaq, R. and Athar, M.A. (2016). Use of Moringa oleifera flower pod extract as natural preservative and development of SCAR marker for Its DNA based identification. Bio Med research international, 2016: 7584318. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7584318.
Hendra, R., Ahmad, S., Sukari, A., Shukor, M.Y. and Oskoueian, E. (2011). Flavonoid analyses and antimicrobial activity of various parts of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) boerl. fruit. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 12(6): 3422-3431.
Katayon, S., Megat Mohd Noor, M.J., Asma, M., Abdul Ghani, L.A., Thamer, A.M., Azni, I., Ahmad, J. Khor, B.C., and Suleyman, A.M. (2006). Effects of storage condition of Moringa oleifera seeds on its performance in coagulation. Bioresource Technology, 97(13): 1455-1460.
Kebreab, A.G. (2004). Moringa seed and pumice as alternative natural materials for drinking water treatment. KTH Land and Water Resources Engineering Univ., Trital wr PhD Thesis 1013.
Khorasani Esmaeili, A., Taha, R.M., Mohajer, S. and Banisalam, B. (2015). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of various solvent extracts from in vivo and in vitro grown Trifolium pretense L. (Red clover). Bio Med Research International, 2015: 1-11.
Khoroushi M, Khorasgani M R, Aliasghari A. (2017). Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of two plants extract on cariogenic streptococci. Journal of Dental Medicine, 30(1) :12-17.
Korkina, L.G. and Afanas'ev, I.B. (1996). Antioxidant and chelating properties of flavonoids. Adv Pharmacol 38: 151-163.
Landázuri, A.C., Gualle, A., Castañeda, V., Morales, E., Caicedo, A. and Orejuela-Escobar, L. M. (2020). Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf powder antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity in human primary fibroblasts. Natural Product Research, DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1837804.
Lenin, S., Ramasamy, S. and Revathy, D. (2021). Evaluate the effectiveness of phytochemical, physicochemical and mineral analysis of Moringa oleifera (Drum Stick Leaves). Indian Journal of Pharmacy & Drugs Studies, 2(2): 20-24.https://mansapublishers.com/IJPDS/article/view/2959
Marrufo, T., Nazzaro, F., Mancini, E., Fratianni, F., Coppola, R., De Martino, L., Bela Agostinho, A. and De Feo, V. (2013). Chemical composition and biologicala of the essential oil from leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam. Cultivated in Mozambique. Molecules, 18(9): 10989-11000.
Meireles, D., Gomes, J., Lopes, L., Hinzmann, M. and Machado, J. (2020). A review of properties, nutritional and pharmaceutical applications of Moringa oleifera: integrative approach on conventional and traditional Asian medicine. Advances in Traditional Medicine, 20: 495-515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-020-00468-0.
Minaiyan, M., Asghari, G., Taheri, D., Saeidi, M. and Nasr-Esfahani, S. (2014). Anti-inflammatory effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds on acetic acid-induced acute colitis in rats. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 4(2): 127-136.
Moeini, F., Mohammadi-Sichani, M. and Shahanipoor. K. (2015). Evaluation of the antibacterial effect of methanol and aqueous extracts of Vaccinium Arctostaphylos fruit against Salmonella spp in vitro. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,14(4): 257-268.
Mukunzi, D., Nsor-Atindana, J., Xiaoming, Z., Gahungu, A., Karangwa, E. and Mukamurezi, G. (2011). Comparison of volatile profile of Moringa oleifera leaves from Rwanda and China using HS-SPME. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 10(7): 602-608.
Mumtaz, M.Z., Kausar, F., Hassan, M., Javaid, S. and Malik , A. (2021). Anticancer activities of phenolic compounds from Moringa oleifera leaves: in vitro and in silico mechanistic study. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 10(12): 1-11.
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