Effect of Suregada zanzibariensis (Baill) root extract on blood sugar levels, lipid profile and pancreatic histology on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes mellitus rats
Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)Japhet Josephat 1 , Cyprian Beda Mpinda 2 , Rose Masau 3
1 - Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Natural and Applied Science, University of Dar es salaam
2 - Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Natural and Applied Science, University of Dar es salaam
3 - Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Natural and Applied Science, University of Dar es salaam
Keywords: Cholesterol, Streptozotocin, Phytochemical, Lipid profiles, Antidiabetic, β-cells,
Abstract :
Background & Aim: Ethnobotanical studies have shown that Suregada zanzibariensis roots are used by traditional healers and the community for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the ethyl acetate extract ofSuregada zanzibariensis roots (EAESZ) on blood sugar levels, lipid profile, and pancreatic histology in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats.Experimental: Rats were induced to have diabetes by interstitial injection of streptozotocin nicotinamide, followed by daily oral administration of the ethyl acetate extract of Suregada zanzibariensis roots (EAESZ) for 28 days at doses of 350, 500, and 700 mg/kg body weight. The effect of EAESZ on serum lipid profiles and pancreatic β-cells in diabetic rats were examined after 28 days of administration of the extract. While fasting, blood glucose levels were measured every seven days.Results: The administration of EAESZ at doses of 350, 500, and 750 mg/kg significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose levels compared to the diabetic control rats. Also, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels decreased while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels increased in all treated groups compared to diabetic control rats. Furthermore, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in body weight of treated diabetic rats compared to standard control diabetic rats, while there was a significant difference (P<0.05) with diabetic control rats.Recommended applications/industries: These results indicate that EAESZ has high antidiabetic potential along with significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. However, more studies are needed to identify and isolate compounds responsible for those properties.
Akindele, A.J., and Adeyemi, O.O., 2007. Antiinflammatory activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Byrsocarpus coccineus. Fitoterapia. 78(1): 25–28.
Cynthia, E.O., Chris, O. and Akalezi, B.O.E 2015. Evaluation Of The Anti-Tumour Agents in Annona Muricata (Linn.) Leaves Using Column Chromatography and Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry Cynthia. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 20(2): 5-17.
Fagbohun, O.F., Awoniran, P.O., Babalola, O.O., Agboola, F.K. and Msagati, T.A.M. 2020. Heliyon Changes in the biochemical , hematological and histopathological parameters in STZ-Induced diabetic rats and the ameliorative effect of Kigelia africana fruit extract. Heliyon, 6(4): 1-13
Goyal, S.N., Reddy, N.M., Patil, K.R., Nakhate, K.T., Ojha, S., Patil, C.R. and Agrawal, Y.O. 2016. Chemico-Biological Interactions Challenges and issues with streptozotocin-induced diabetes e A clinically relevant animal model to understand the diabetes pathogenesis and evaluate therapeutics. Elsevier science, 244 (2016): 49-63.
Gregg, E., Buckley, J., Ali, M., Davies, J., Flood, D., Griffiths, B., Lim, L.L., Manne-Goehler, J., Pearson-Stuttard, J., Shaw, J. 2021. Improving Health Outcomes of People with Diabetes Mellitus: Target Setting to Reduce the Global Burden of Diabetes Mellitus by 2030. Glennis Andall-Brereton, 8(0):1-26.
Ignacimuthu, S., Ayyanar, M. and Sivaraman, K.S. 2006. Ethnobotanical investigations among tribes in Madurai District of Tamil Nadu (India). Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 2: 1–7.
Innocent, E., Joseph, C.C., Gikonyo, N.K., Nkunya, M.H.H. and Hassanali, A. 2010. Constituents of the essential oil of Suregada zanzibariensis leaves are repellent to the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae s.s. Journal of Insect Science, 10(1):1–8.
Jagtap. P., Nimbalkar, Y., Patil, V. and Patil, R.Y. 2021. In Vivo Antidiabetic Activities of Polyherbal Extracts against Streptozotocin- Nicotinamide Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice Model. Tanzania Journal of Science, 47(3): 877–891.
Keter, L.K. and Mutiso, P.C. 2012. Ethnobotanical studies of medicinal plants used by Traditional Health Practitioners in the management of diabetes in Lower Eastern Province, Kenya. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 139(1): 74–80.
Kondo, T., Oka, T., Sato, H., Shinnou, Y. and Washio, K. 2009. Accumulation of aberrant CpG hypermethylation by Helicobacter pylori infection promotes development. International Journal of Oncology, 35: 547–557.
Kumar, A., Ilavarasan, R., Jayachandran, T., Decaraman, M., Aravindhan, P., Padmanabhan, N. and Krishnan, M.R.V. 2009. Phytochemicals investigation on a tropical plant, Syzygium cumini from Kattuppalayam, Erode District, Tamil Nadu, South India. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8(1): 83–85.
Kumar, V., Sharma, A., Thukral, A.K. and Bhardwaj, R. 2016. Phytochemical profiling of methanolic extracts of medicinal plants using GC-MS. Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 5(3): 2153–2158.
Lewis WH and Elvin-Lewis MPF 2003 Medical botany : plants affecting human health. Wiley-VCH. India.
Li, W. L., Zheng, H. C., Bukuru, J. and De Kimpe, N. 2004. Natural medicines used in the traditional Chinese medical system for therapy of diabetes mellitus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 92(1): 1–21.
Liu, R.M., Dai, R., Luo, Y. and Xiao, J.H. 2019. Glucose-lowering and hypolipidemic activities of polysaccharides from Cordyceps taii in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 19(1): 1–10.
Monfared, H.H., Fahimi, H., Ebrahimzade, H., Naghavi, M.R., Babaei, A. and Monfared, H. 2006. Teucrium polium Extract Effects Pancreatic Function of Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats: A Histopathological Examination. Iranian Biomedical Journal, 9 (2): 81-85
Moshi, M..J. and Mbwambo, Z.H. 2002. Experience of Tanzanian traditional healers in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Pharmaceutical Biology, 40(7): 552–560.
Nagappa, A.N., Thakurdesai, P.A., Rao, N.V. and Singh, J. 2003. Antidiabetic activity of Terminalia catappa Linn fruits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 88(1): 45–50.
National Research Council of the National Academies (NRCNA) 2010 Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. National Academy Press. Washingtom D.C
Nazarudin, M.F., Isha, A., Mastuki, S.N., Ain, N.M., Ikhsan, N.F.M., Abidin, A.Z. and Aliyu-Paiko, M. 2020. Chemical composition and evaluation of the α-glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic properties of marine algae ulva intestinalis, halimeda macroloba, and sargassum ilicifolium. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020:1-15
Pari, L. and Venkateswaran, S. 2003. Effect of an aqueous extract of Phaseolus vulgaris on the properties of tail tendon collagen of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 36(7): 861–870.
Ravi, K.S., Yamauchi, I., Narayan, B., Katsuki, A., Hosokawa, M. and Miyashita, K. 2016. Squalene modulates fatty acid metabolism: Enhanced EPA/DHA in obese/diabetic mice (KK-Ay) model. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 118(12): 1935–1941.
Risk, N.C.D. and Collaboration, F. 2016. Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants. Lancet. 387(10027): 1513–1530.
Runyoro, D.K.B., Ngassapa, O.D., Matee, M.IN., Joseph, C.C. and Moshi, M.J. 2006. Medicinal plants used by Tanzanian traditional healers in the management of Candida infections. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 106(2): 158–165.
Sabeena, F.K.H., Anandan, R., Kumar, S.H.S., Shiny, K.S., Sankar, T.V. and Thankappan, T.K. 2004. Effect of squalene on tissue defense system in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Pharmacological Research, 50(3): 231–236.
Sheikh, Y., Singh, M.M., Kathait, V., Prasar, B., Kumar. R. and Sahu, R.K. 2015. Computation of In Vivo Antidiabetic Activity of Holarrhena Antidysenterica Seeds Extracts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 14(2): 22–27.
Soumyanath, A 2005. Traditional medicines for modern times: Antidiabetic plants. Landon. CRC Press.
Spanova, M. and Daum, G. 2011. Squalene - biochemistry, molecular biology, process biotechnology, and applications. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 113(11): 1299–1320.
Stanifer, J.W., Lunyera J., Boyd, D., Karia, F., Maro, V., Omolo, J. and Patel, U.D. 2015. Traditionalmedicine practices among communitymembers with chronic kidney disease innorthern Tanzania: An ethnomedical survey. BMC Nephrology, 16(1):1-11.
Tafesse, T.B., Hymete. A., Mekonnen, Y. and Tadesse, M. 2017. Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of extracts of the leaves of Ajuga remota Benth on alloxan-induced diabetic mice. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 17(1): 1–9.
Targett, N.M. 1979. Vaccum Liquid Chromatography: An alternative to Common Chromatography Methods. Journal of Organic, 44(26): 4962–4964.
Thekkangil, A., George, B., Prakash, S.M.U. and Suchithra, T.V. 2021. Mechanism of streptomyces albidoflavus STV1572a derived 1-heneicosanol as an inhibitor against squalene epoxidase of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Microbial Pathogenesis, 154(3): 104853.
Tripathi, B. and Srivastava, A. 2006. Diabetes mellitus: Complications and therapeutics. Medical Science Monitor. International Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 12(7):130–147.
Tyagi, T. and Agarwal, M. 2017. Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of bioactive constituents in the ethanolic extract of Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) solms.. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(1): 195–206.
Zaheer, J., Najam-Us-Saqib, Q., Anwar, T., Khan, F.S., Akram, M., Munir, N., Rebezov, M., Shariati, M.A. and Thiruvengadam, M. 2021. Phytochemical Profile of Rock Jasmine (Androsace foliosa Duby ex Decne) by Using HPLC and GC–MS Analyses. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 46(6): 5385–5392.
Zhao, J., Wu, Y., Rong, X., Zheng, C. and Guo, J. 2020. Anti-lipolysis induced by insulin in diverse pathophysiologic conditions of adipose tissue. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. 13:1575–1585.
Zou, W., Yang, Y., Gu, Y., Zhu, P., Zhang, M., Cheng, Z., Liu, X., Yu, Y. and Peng, X. 2017. Repeated blood collection from tail vein of non-anesthetized rats with a vacuum blood collection system. Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2017(130): 1–6.
